The open literature concerning chemical and mechanistic aspects of the selective catalytic reduction of NO by ammonia (SCR process) on metal oxide catalysts is reviewed. Catalytic systems based on supported V2O5 (including the industrial TiO2-supported V2O5–WO3 and/or V2O5–MoO3 catalysts) and catalysts containing Fe2O3, CuO, MnOx and CrOx are considered. The results of spectroscopic studies of the adsorbed surface species, adsorption–desorption measurements, flow reactor and kinetic experiments are analyzed. The proposed reaction mechanisms are described and critically discussed. Points of convergence and of disagreement are underlined.

Chemical and mechanistic aspects of the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by ammonia over oxide catalysts: A review

A study is conducted to demonstrate catalytic dehydrogenation of light alkanes on metals and metal oxides. The study provides a complete overview of the materials used to catalyze this reaction, as dehydrogenation for the production of light olefins has become extremely relevant. Relevant factors, such as the specific nature of the active sites, as well as the effect of support, promoters, and reaction feed on catalyst performance and lifetime, are discussed for each catalytic Material. The study compares different catalysts in terms of the reaction mechanism and deactivation pathways and catalytic performance. The duration of the dehydrogenation step depends on the heat content of the catalyst bed, which decreases rapidly due to the endothermic nature of the reaction. Part of the heat required for the reaction is introduced to the reactors by preheating the reaction feed, additional heat being provided by adjacent reactors that are regenerating the coked catalysts.

Catalytic dehydrogenation of light alkanes on metals and metal oxides.

Catalytic removal of NO

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have well-defined hollow interiors and exhibit unusual mechanical and thermal stability as well as electron conductivity1. This opens intriguing possibilities to introduce other matter into the cavities2,3,4,5, which may lead to nanocomposite materials with interesting properties or behaviour different from the bulk6,7,8. Here, we report a striking enhancement of the catalytic activity of Rh particles confined inside nanotubes for the conversion of CO and H2 to ethanol. The overall formation rate of ethanol (30.0 mol mol−1Rh h−1) inside the nanotubes exceeds that on the outside of the nanotubes by more than an order of magnitude, although the latter is much more accessible. Such an effect with synergetic confinement has not been observed before in catalysis involving CNTs. We believe that our discovery may be of a quite general nature and could apply to many other processes. It is anticipated that this will motivate theoretical and experimental studies to further the fundamental understanding of the host–guest interaction within carbon and other nanotube systems.

/pdf/enhanced-ethanol-production-inside-carbon-nanotube-reactors-58wzulvoxu.pdf

Enhanced ethanol production inside carbon-nanotube reactors containing catalytic particles

https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/26040/Catal.Today-Weckhuysen-2003.pdf?sequence=1

Chemistry, spectroscopy and the role of supported vanadium oxides in heterogeneous catalysis

Alumina-Supported Manganese Oxide Catalysts: I. Characterization: Effect of Precursor and Loading

The molecular structures of the surface overlayerers of rhenium(VII) oxide, molybdenum(VI) oxide, tungsten(VI) oxide, chromium(VI) oxide, vanadium(V) oxide, niobium(V) oxide, and titanium(IV) oxide on γ-alumina were determined by in situ Raman spectroscopy under dehydrated conditions. It was found that the dehydrated surface metal oxide structures of all the systems under study, except for supported titanium oxide, are different from those under ambient condition where moisture is present on the surface

https://www.lehigh.edu/operando/Publications/1992%20AlOx%20supported%20catalysts,%20Vuurman.pdf

In Situ Raman Spectroscopy of Alumina-Supported Metal Oxide Catalysts

Structural determination of supported vanadium pentoxide-tungsten trioxide-titania catalysts by in situ Raman spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

https://www.lehigh.edu/operando/Publications/1996%20SCR%20of%20NO%20+%20NH3%20supported%20VOx.pdf

Michael A. Vuurman

Papers

Alumina-Supported Manganese Oxide Catalysts: I. Characterization: Effect of Precursor and Loading

In Situ Raman Spectroscopy of Alumina-Supported Metal Oxide Catalysts

Structural determination of supported vanadium pentoxide-tungsten trioxide-titania catalysts by in situ Raman spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH3 over Supported Vanadia Catalysts

Characterization of chromium oxide supported on Al2O3, ZrO2, TiO2, and SiO2 under dehydrated conditions