抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

자연주의적 탐구조사(Naturalistic Inquiry)

In 1974 an article appeared in Science magazine with the dry-sounding title “Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases” by a pair of psychologists who were not well known outside their discipline of decision theory. In it Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman introduced the world to Prospect Theory, which mapped out how humans actually behave when faced with decisions about gains and losses, in contrast to how economists assumed that people behave. Prospect Theory turned Economics on its head by demonstrating through a series of ingenious experiments that people are much more concerned with losses than they are with gains, and that framing a choice from one perspective or the other will result in decisions that are exactly the opposite of each other, even if the outcomes are monetarily the same. Prospect Theory led cognitive psychology in a new direction that began to uncover other human biases in thinking that are probably not learned but are part of our brain’s wiring.

Thinking fast and slow.

Social Network Analysis

Recording of presentation introducing narrative analysis, outlining what it is, why it can be a useful approach, how to do it and where to find out more. Presentation given at methods@manchester seminar at University of Manchester on 4 March 2010.

What is Narrative Analysis

Policy Process Theory for Rural Studies: Navigating Context and Generalization in Rural Policy

Discussing Policy Theories, Policy Formation, and Analytical Methods

Editorial Introduction: Examining Policy Change and Governance Here and Elsewhere

The article “The stories groups tell, campaign finance reform and the narrative networks of cultural cognition”, written by “Aaron Smith-Walter, Michael D. Jones, Elizabeth A. Shanahan, Holly Peterson“.

/pdf/correction-to-the-stories-groups-tell-campaign-finance-2iwnwfcw5w.pdf

Michael D. Jones

Papers

Policy Process Theory for Rural Studies: Navigating Context and Generalization in Rural Policy

Discussing Policy Theories, Policy Formation, and Analytical Methods

Editorial Introduction: Examining Policy Change and Governance Here and Elsewhere

Correction to: The stories groups tell: campaign finance reform and the narrative networks of cultural cognition

Editorial Team Introduction