다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

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Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theories and methods

Boolean satisfiability is probably the most studied of the combinatorial optimization/search problems. Significant effort has been devoted to trying to provide practical solutions to this problem for problem instances encountered in a range of applications in electronic design automation (EDA), as well as in artificial intelligence (AI). This study has culminated in the development of several SAT packages, both proprietary and in the public domain (e.g. GRASP, SATO) which find significant use in both research and industry. Most existing complete solvers are variants of the Davis-Putnam (DP) search algorithm. In this paper we describe the development of a new complete solver, Chaff which achieves significant performance gains through careful engineering of all aspects of the search-especially a particularly efficient implementation of Boolean constraint propagation (BCP) and a novel low overhead decision strategy. Chaff has been able to obtain one to two orders of magnitude performance improvement on difficult SAT benchmarks in comparison with other solvers (DP or otherwise), including GRASP and SATO.

/pdf/chaff-engineering-an-efficient-sat-solver-2ima1ekzuu.pdf

Chaff: engineering an efficient SAT solver

Sexual Behavior in the Human Male

A general logic program (abbreviated to "program" hereafter) is a set of roles that have both positive and negative subgoals. It is common to view a deductive database as a general logic program consisting of rules (IDB) slttmg above elementary relations (EDB, facts). It is desirable to associate one Herbrand model with a program and think of that model as the "meaning of the program, " or Its "declarative semantics. " Ideally, queries directed to the program would be answered in accordance with this model. Recent research indicates that some programs do not have a "satisfactory" total model; for such programs, the question of an appropriate partial model arises. Unfounded sets and well-founded partial models are introduced and the well-founded semantics of a program are defined to be its well-founded partial model. If the well-founded partial model is m fact a total model. it is called the well-founded model. It n shown that the class of programs possessing a total well-founded model properly includes previously studied classes of "stratified" and "locally stratified" programs, The method in this paper is also compared with other proposals in the literature, including Clark's "program completion, " Fitting's and Kunen's 3-vahred interpretations of it, and the "stable models" of Gelfond and Lifschitz.

/pdf/the-well-founded-semantics-for-general-logic-programs-1i37dmxhij.pdf

The well-founded semantics for general logic programs

Regulations are a wide-spread and important part of government and business. They codify how products must be made and processes should be performed. Such regulations can be difficult to understand and apply. In an environment of growing complexity of, and change in, regulation, automated support for reasoning with regulations is becoming increasingly necessary. In this paper we report on ongoing work which aims at providing automated support for the drafting and use of regulations using logic modelling techniques. We highlight the support that can be provided by logic modelling, describe the technical foundation of our project, and report on the status of the project and the next steps.

https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:9714/UQ9714_OA.pdf

On the Modeling and Analysis of Regulations

Defeasible reasoning is a computationally simple nonmonotonic reasoning approach that has attracted significant theoretical and practical attention. It comprises a family of logics that capture different intuitions, among them ambiguity propagation versus ambiguity blocking, and the adoption or rejection of team defeat. This article provides a compact presentation of the defeasible logic variants, and derives an inclusion theorem which shows that different notions of provability in defeasible logic form a chain of levels of proof.

/pdf/an-inclusion-theorem-for-defeasible-logics-148rdduaui.pdf

An inclusion theorem for defeasible logics

ADDRESS: P.O. Box 407, Magdalena, New Mexico 87825-0407 PHONE: 505 854 2253 (home), 505 835 5396 (work) PERSONAL: Date of birth: December 24, 1944 Place of birth: Bordeaux, France Nationality: US citizen Marital status: Married, Catherine Marcoussis, 12/2/68 Children: One daughter, Sarah Suzanne, b. Canada 4/1/71 EDUCATION: Ph.D., Computer Science, 1973, Purdue University. D.E.A., Computer Science 1969, Universit Paris, France. M.Sc., Mathematics, 1968, Universit de Paris, France.

A Unified Treatment of Resolution Strategies for Logic Programs.

We investigate the implication problem for constrained tuple-generating dependencies (CTGDS), the extension of tupleand equality-generating dependencies that permits expression of semantic relations (constraints) on variables. The implication problem is central to identifying redundant integrity constraints, checking integrity constraints on constraint databases, detecting independence of queries and updates, and optimizing queries. We provide two chase procedures for the implication problem. The first is cautious, generating tuples and constraints only when justified, whereas the second is speculative, generating tuples and constraints that have attached conditions about when they exist/hold. The taut ious chase is more efficient, in some sense, but less powerful in demonstrating that a CTGD is implied. We demonstrate that, for constraint domains with Independence of Negative Constraints, the two chase procedures are equally powerful. The cautious chase is thus the chase of choice for such constraint domains, and can be used as a weak implication procedure for other constraint domains. We describe the conditions under which the chase procedures can be terminated early without weakening them. We develop a form of magic sets optimization for making the chase procedures for CTGDS goal-directed; this is magic sets in chase procedures.

Michael J. Maher

Papers

On the Modeling and Analysis of Regulations

An inclusion theorem for defeasible logics

A Unified Treatment of Resolution Strategies for Logic Programs.

Chasing constrained tuple-generating dependencies

Optimal fixedpoints of logic programs