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American Society for Testing and Materials

Stable non-Gaussian random processes , by G. Samorodnitsky and M. S. Taqqu. Pp. 632. £49.50. 1994. ISBN 0-412-05171-0 (Chapman and Hall).

The flow of homogeneous fluids through porous media: analogies with other physical problems

Recent advances in molecular biology have extended our understanding of the metabolic processes related to microbial transformation of petroleum hydrocarbons. The physiological responses of microorganisms to the presence of hydrocarbons, including cell surface alterations and adaptive mechanisms for uptake and efflux of these substrates, have been characterized. New molecular techniques have enhanced our ability to investigate the dynamics of microbial communities in petroleum-impacted ecosystems. By establishing conditions which maximize rates and extents of microbial growth, hydrocarbon access, and transformation, highly accelerated and bioreactor-based petroleum waste degradation processes have been implemented. Biofilters capable of removing and biodegrading volatile petroleum contaminants in air streams with short substrate-microbe contact times ( 2 S and sulfoxides from petrochemical waste streams. Microbes also have potential for use in removal of nitrogen from crude oil leading to reduced nitric oxide emissions provided that technical problems similar to those experienced in biodesulfurization can be solved. Enzymes are being exploited to produce added-value products from petroleum substrates, and bacterial biosensors are being used to analyze petroleum-contaminated environments.

Recent Advances in Petroleum Microbiology

http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/242609.pdf

Seawater intrusion processes, investigation and management: Recent advances and future challenges

Characterization and modelling of water mixing energies and particle behavior during wave generation in CanmetENERGY Devon spill test tank

<h3>Objective:</h3> To explore symptoms of neurological post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) in patients who developed stroke after SARS-CoV-2 infection. <h3>Background:</h3> Having a stroke after COVID-19 is associated with poorer long-term outcomes. <h3>Design/Methods:</h3> SARS-CoV-2 infected inpatients who had a stroke were collected and retrospectively studied for presence of neurological PASC symptoms, 4 weeks to up to 1 year after their first inpatient admission with SARS-CoV-2 infection. All demographic, nominal and inpatient data including length of stay, discharge, medications, and lab data were compared. <h3>Results:</h3> 57 patients with stroke after SARS-CoV-2 infection and 418 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection who did not have a stroke were followed up to 1 year after initial admission with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of these, 38 stroke COVID-19 patients (67%) and 233 non-stroke COVID-19 patients (58%) followed up or were readmitted to the hospital. There was a significant difference in age for stroke vs non-stroke cohorts (65.4±12.8 9 vs 51.0±18.2 p&lt;0.0001). For stroke vs non-stroke patients, numbness (18.4% vs 11.6%), paresthesias (15.8% vs 8.5%), brain fog or cognitive impairment (7.8% vs 7.3%), weakness (21.1% vs 26.6%), fatigue (18.4% vs 32.6%), headaches (13.2% vs 17.6%), changes in smell of taste (5.3% vs 14.1%), sleep issues or insomnia (2.6% or 10.3%), and anxiety or depression (7.9% vs 20.6%) were reported. There was no significant difference in the incidence of neurological PASC symptoms between the two cohorts p&gt;0.05 for all symptoms. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> This preliminary analysis of COVID-19 patients with 1 year follow-up demonstrates that the incidence of neurological symptoms of PASC in stroke vs non-stroke COVID-19 patients differed but did not reach significance. Stroke is associated with long term symptoms which may be similar in nature, and can be exacerbated by neurological PASC. Work is in progress expanding the study size, enrolling more patients and confounding for concomitant neurological conditions. <b>Disclosure:</b> Miss Shaikh has nothing to disclose. Mr. Jaffry has nothing to disclose. Mr. Trivedi has nothing to disclose. Mr. Mandava has nothing to disclose. Mr. Jaffry has nothing to disclose. Mr. Ors has nothing to disclose. Ms. Faiz has nothing to disclose. Mr. Gerges has nothing to disclose. Prof. Boufadel has nothing to disclose. Dr. Souayah has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. 

Long Term Follow Up of Patients with Stroke after SARS-CoV-2 infection and Incidence of Neurological Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (P14-5.006)

<h3>Objective:</h3> To investigate HbA1c as an independent risk factor in neurological PASC. <h3>Background:</h3> Prior literature has reported that diabetes is a risk factor for PASC. <h3>Design/Methods:</h3> COVID-19 inpatients from a tertiary care center were retrospectively studied for presence of neurological PASC symptoms, 4 weeks to up to 1 year after their first inpatient admission COVID-19. Patients who had an HbA1c measured were grouped: Group A, HbA1c below 5.7%; Group B, HbA1c between 5.7% and 6.4%; Group C, HbA1c between 6.5% and 9%; Group D, HbA1c above 9%. The incidence of neurological PASC symptoms was compared. <h3>Results:</h3> Of the 433 COVID-19 patients reviewed, 160 patients (37.0%) had an HbA1c level measured during hospital stay. Of these, 75 patients (46.9%) had an outpatient follow-up or were readmitted to the hospital. These 75 patients were divided by HbA1c level: Group A (30.7%), Group B (21.3%), Group C (30.7%), and Group D (20.0%) p&gt;0.05. For Group A vs B vs C vs D, numbness (13.0% vs 6.25% vs 17.4% vs 13.3%) p&gt;0.05, paresthesias (4.35% vs 0% vs 13.0% vs 20.0%) p&gt;0.05, brain fog or cognitive impairment (8.70% vs 12.5% vs 8.70% vs 6.67%) p&gt;0.05, weakness (30.4% vs 37.5% vs 13.0% vs 13.3%) p&gt;0.05, fatigue (30.4% vs 31.3% vs 34.8% vs 26.7%) p&gt;0.05, headaches (21.7% vs 25.0% vs 13.0% vs 20.0%) p&gt;0.05, changes in smell of taste (13.0% or 18.8% vs 17.4% vs 13.3%) p&gt;0.05, sleep issues or insomnia (4.35% vs 0% vs 13.0% vs 0%) p&gt;0.05 and anxiety or depression (17.4% vs 18.8% vs 4.35% vs 26.7%) p&gt;0.05. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> This preliminary analysis demonstrates that there was no significant difference in the incidence of neurological PASC symptoms between the four groups. Work is in progress to look at HbA1c at multiple time points, expand the study size, increase the follow up time and adjust for comorbid and concomitant neurological conditions. <b>Disclosure:</b> Mr. Ors has nothing to disclose. Miss Shaikh has nothing to disclose. Mr. Jaffry has nothing to disclose. Mr. Mandava has nothing to disclose. Mr. Jaffry has nothing to disclose. Mr. Trivedi has nothing to disclose. Ms. Faiz has nothing to disclose. Mr. Gerges has nothing to disclose. Prof. Boufadel has nothing to disclose. Dr. Souayah has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. 

Association between Diabetic Control (HbA1C) and the Risk of Developing Neurological Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) (P14-4.002)

We investigate the migration of high pressure air in a fractured groundwater aquifer during the process of drilling a shale gas well using the air hammer technique. We consider a scenario where the high pressure air used for the drilling process could leak into the aquifer. A three dimensional conceptual numerical model was developed using TOUGH2 to quantify the spatial and temporal impact of such a leak on the surrounding aquifers. We have also studied the sensitivity of the numerical model to the air pressure used during the drilling process. Our simulations indicate that the air migrated through the fractures and was released approximately 300 m away from leaking area in just a few hours.

A modeling study of air migration from a drilling well to the surrounding aquifer in Appalachia

In situ burning (ISB) hasn't been widely used for offshore oil spill response for various reasons. We present a feasibility study for a new ISB method - the Burning Tongue (BT) concept. We conducted scaled experiments in the Ohmsett wave tank to demonstrate its feasibility. We produced a 35-m long "tongue" of burnable oil (average oil thickness 4.2 mm - above the thickness needed for ISB) by towing a conventional boom (with a 12″ (0.3 m) deep skirt) partially filled with crude oil and then released the oil through a 6″ (0.15 m) wide opening at the apex. We found that the boom movement produced a convergence zone just downstream that kept released oil thick and also pulled oil that entrained under the boom skirt into the thick "tongue" of oil. CFD modeling was performed to explain the flow hydrodynamics and the formation of the convergence zone, which indicates the phenomenon is universal. We used small harbor boom only partially filled with oil for this study and believe that a full-scale marine boom filled with oil would achieve an even thicker "burning tongue." The BT concept could make ISB more widely used for oil spill response in offshore areas.

Michel C. Boufadel

Papers

Characterization and modelling of water mixing energies and particle behavior during wave generation in CanmetENERGY Devon spill test tank

Long Term Follow Up of Patients with Stroke after SARS-CoV-2 infection and Incidence of Neurological Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (P14-5.006)

Association between Diabetic Control (HbA1C) and the Risk of Developing Neurological Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) (P14-4.002)

A modeling study of air migration from a drilling well to the surrounding aquifer in Appalachia

Proof of concept study for in-situ burn application using conventional containment booms - Design of Burning Tongue.