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Hydraulic Control Systems

Computational methods were used to analyse the elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication of a complex rotor–bearing system. The methodology employed computational fluid dynamics (CFD), based on the Navier–Stokes equation and a fluid–structure interaction (FSI) technique. A series of models representing the system were built using the CFD–FSI methodology to investigate the interaction between the lubrication of the fluid film, and elastic dynamics of the rotor and journal bearing. All models followed an assumption of isothermal behaviour. The FSI methodology was implemented by setting nodal forces and displacements to equilibrium at the fluid–structure interface, therefore allowing the lubrication of the fluid and the elastic deformation of structures to be solved simultaneously. This is significantly different to the more common techniques—such as the Reynolds equation method—that use an iterative solution to balance the imposed load and the force resulting from the pressure of the fluid film to within a set tolerance. Predictions using the CFD–FSI method were compared with the results of an experimental study and the predictions from an ‘in-house’ lubrication code based on the Reynolds equation. The dynamic response of the system was investigated with both rigid and flexible bodies for a range of different bearing materials and dynamic unbalanced loads. Cavitation within the fluid film was represented in the CFD–FSI method using a simplified phase change boundary condition. This allowed the transition between the liquid and vapour phases to be derived from the lubricant’s properties as a function of pressure. The combination of CFD and FSI was shown to be a useful tool for the investigation of the hydrodynamic and elasto-hydrodynamic lubrications of a rotor–bearing system. The elastic deformation of the bearing and dynamic unbalanced loading of the rotor had significant effects on the position of its locus.

Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics and Fluid–Structure Interaction Method to the Lubrication Study of a Rotor–Bearing System

Thank you for reading design of seismic isolated structures from theory to practice. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their chosen readings like this design of seismic isolated structures from theory to practice, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some malicious virus inside their computer.

Design Of Seismic Isolated Structures From Theory To Practice

A comparison between mechanical properties of specimens 3D printed with virgin and recycled PLA

Energy-efficient control of electric vehicles based on linear quadratic regulator and phase plane analysis

This paper deals with in-curve vehicle lateral behaviour and is aimed to find out which vehicle physical characteristics affect significantly its stability. Two different analytical methods, one numerical (phase plane) and the other graphical (handling diagram) are discussed. The numerical model refers to the complete quadricycle, while the graphical one refers to a bicycle model. Both models take into account lateral load transfers and nonlinear Pacejka tyre–road interactions. The influence of centre of mass longitudinal position, tyre cornering stiffness and front/rear roll stiffness ratio on vehicle stability are analysed. The presented results are in good agreement with theoretical expectations about the above parameters influence, and show how some physical characteristics behave as saddle-node bifurcation parameters.

A combined use of phase plane and handling diagram method to study the influence of tyre and vehicle characteristics on stability

In the paper a new physical tyre thermal model is presented The model, called Thermo Racing Tyre (TRT) was developed in collaboration between the Department of Industrial Engineering of the University of Naples Federico II and a top ranking motorsport team The model is three-dimensional and takes into account all the heat flows and the generative terms occurring in a tyre The cooling to the track and to external air and the heat flows inside the system are modelled Regarding the generative terms, in addition to the friction energy developed in the contact patch, the strain energy loss is evaluated The model inputs come out from telemetry data, while its thermodynamic parameters come either from literature or from dedicated experimental tests The model gives in output the temperature circumferential distribution in the different tyre layers (surface, bulk, inner liner), as well as all the heat flows These information have been used also in interaction models in order to estimate local grip value

TRT: thermo racing tyre a physical model to predict the tyre temperature distribution

With reference to a rigid symmetrical unbalanced rotor on lubricated journal bearings and adopting the short bearing theory, synchronous orbits and orbits with a 1/2 component described by the journal are determined as approximated solutions of the system of non-linear motion equations. The method also makes it possible to evaluate the stability of the above solutions and thus of the journal orbital motion. For different values of dimensionless unbalance of the rotor, examples of orbits thus obtained are given and, in the modified Sommerfeld number-stability parameter plane, the stability areas of the solutions are identified, in particular, the area of stability of the small synchronous orbits corresponding to the stable operating condition of the rotor-bearings system.

Journal Orbits and Their Stability for Rigid Unbalanced Rotors

Dynamic characteristics and stability of a journal bearing in a non-laminar lubrication regime

This paper presents an activity concerning the modelling and control of a system adopted to perform shear tests on seismic isolators The test rig consists of a hydraulic actuation system that drives a sliding table mounted on linear bearings The system is characterized by non-linearities such as hydraulic proportional valve dead zone and frictions A non-linear model is derived and then employed for parameter identification procedure The test rig needs a suitable controller able to guarantee the desired table displacement in presence of unknown reaction force of the device under test The proposed approach consists of a feedforward control integrated with a feedback one The feedforward control law takes the form of a non-linear inverse model of the system In this way, it is possible to obtain the desired target without affecting the stability of the test rig The feedback control has the function to compensate for tracking error due to the model uncertainties and the unknown isolator reaction force 

Michele Russo

Papers

A combined use of phase plane and handling diagram method to study the influence of tyre and vehicle characteristics on stability

TRT: thermo racing tyre a physical model to predict the tyre temperature distribution

Journal Orbits and Their Stability for Rigid Unbalanced Rotors

Dynamic characteristics and stability of a journal bearing in a non-laminar lubrication regime

A mixed approach for the control of a testing equipment employed for earthquake isolation systems