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State of the art of self-etch adhesives

Relationship between bond-strength tests and clinical outcomes

The limited durability of resin-dentin bonds severely compromises the lifetime of tooth-colored restorations Bond degradation occurs via hydrolysis of suboptimally polymerized hydrophilic resin components and degradation of water-rich, resin-sparse collagen matrices by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cysteine cathepsins This review examined data generated over the past three years on five experimental strategies developed by different research groups for extending the longevity of resin-dentin bonds They include: (1) increasing the degree of conversion and esterase resistance of hydrophilic adhesives; (2) the use of broad-spectrum inhibitors of collagenolytic enzymes, including novel inhibitor functional groups grafted to methacrylate resins monomers to produce anti-MMP adhesives; (3) the use of cross-linking agents for silencing the activities of MMP and cathepsins that irreversibly alter the 3-D structures of their catalytic/allosteric domains; (4) ethanol wet-bonding with hydrophobic resins to completely replace water from the extrafibrillar and intrafibrillar collagen compartments and immobilize the collagenolytic enzymes; and (5) biomimetic remineralization of the water-filled collagen matrix using analogs of matrix proteins to progressively replace water with intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar apatites to exclude exogenous collagenolytic enzymes and fossilize endogenous collagenolytic enzymes A combination of several of these strategies should result in overcoming the critical barriers to progress currently encountered in dentin bonding

Limitations in Bonding to Dentin and Experimental Strategies to Prevent Bond Degradation

Bond strength of universal adhesives: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Optimizing dentin bond durability: Control of collagen degradation by matrix metalloproteinases and cysteine cathepsins

Dental adhesion review: Aging and stability of the bonded interface

The aim of this study was to evaluate microtensile bond strength (μTBS) to dentine, interfacial nanoleakage expression, and stability after ageing, of two-step vs. one-step self-etch adhesives. Human molars were cut to expose middle/deep dentine, assigned to groups (n = 15), and treated with the following bonding systems: (i) Optibond XTR (a two-step self-etch adhesive; Kerr), (ii) Clearfil SE Bond (a two-step self-etch adhesive; Kuraray), (iii) Adper Easy Bond (a one-step self-etch adhesive; 3M ESPE), and (iv) Bond Force (a one-step self-etch adhesive; Tokuyama). Specimens were processed for μTBS testing after 24 h, 6 months, or 1 yr of storage in artificial saliva at 37°C. Nanoleakage expression was examined in similarly processed additional specimens. At baseline the μTBS results ranked in the following order: Adper Easy Bond = Optibond XTR ≥Clearfil SE = Bond Force, and interfacial nanoleakage analysis showed Clearfil SE Bond = Adper Easy Bond = Optibond XTR> Bond Force. After 1 yr of storage, Optibond XTR, Clearfil SE Bond, and Adper Easy Bond showed higher μTBS and lower interfacial nanoleakage expression compared with Bond Force. In conclusion, immediate bond strength, nanoleakage expression, and stability over time were not related to the number of steps of the bonding systems, but to their chemical formulations.

Influence of ageing on self‐etch adhesives: one‐step vs. two‐step systems

Disclosed are compositions and methods of using such compositions for inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase activity in dental tissue. The compositions, methods and uses may prevent degradation of the bonding between restorative materials and dental tissues, thereby increasing durability and longevity of the restorative material-dental tissue bonds. For example, the compositions, methods, and uses of the present invention may be used for treating carious dental tissue such as by the creation of dental fillings, crowns, bridges, among other techniques, as well as the creation of esthetic laminate restorations.

Use of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds to Inhibit Endogenous MMPs in Tooth Dentin

Use of polymeri zable quaternary ammonium compounds to inhibit endogenous mmps in tooth dentin

One of the most commonly observed adverse effects of cyclosporin A (CsA) is the development of gingival overgrowth (GO). Fibroblasts are involved in GO, but the question why only a percentage of patients undergoing CsA treatment shows this side-effect remains unanswered. In a previous study, CsA has been demonstrated to induce over-expression of phospholipase C (PLC) β1 in fibroblasts of patients with clinical GO, in cells from both enlarged and clinically healthy gingival sites. In this work, we assessed the expression of PLCβ isoforms to investigate whether the exaggerated fibroblast response to CsA related to increased PLCβ1 expression could also be detected in CsA-treated patients without clinical signs of GO. Our results support the hypothesis of a multi-factorial origin of gingival overgrowth, including specific changes within the gingival tissues orchestrating fibroblastic hyper-responsiveness as a consequence of a long-term in vivo exposure to cyclosporin A.

Milena Cadenaro

Papers

Dental adhesion review: Aging and stability of the bonded interface

Influence of ageing on self‐etch adhesives: one‐step vs. two‐step systems

Use of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds to Inhibit Endogenous MMPs in Tooth Dentin

Use of polymeri zable quaternary ammonium compounds to inhibit endogenous mmps in tooth dentin

Cyclosporin A specifically affects nuclear PLCβ1 in immunodepressed heart transplant patients with gingival overgrowth