다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/685594/file/1130605.pdf

Review of Particle Physics

To say that this is the best book on the quantum theory of fields is no praise, since to my knowledge it is the only book on this subject But it is a very good and most useful book The original was written in German and appeared in 1942 This is a translation with some minor changes A few remarks have been added, concerning meson theory and nuclear forces, also footnotes referring to modern work in this field, and finally an appendix on the symmetrization of the energy momentum tensor according to Belinfante Quantum Theory of Fields Prof Gregor Wentzel Translated from the German by Charlotte Houtermans and J M Jauch Pp ix + 224, (New York and London: Interscience Publishers, Inc, 1949) 36s

Quantum Theory of Fields

https://cds.cern.ch/record/359207/files/9807278.pdf

Particle physics models of inflation and the cosmological density perturbation

We extract from data the parameters of the Higgs potential, the top Yukawa coupling and the electroweak gauge couplings with full 2-loop NNLO precision, and we extrapolate the SM parameters up to large energies with full 3-loop NNLO RGE precision. Then we study the phase diagram of the Standard Model in terms of high-energy parameters, finding that the measured Higgs mass roughly corresponds to the minimum values of the Higgs quartic and top Yukawa and the maximum value of the gauge couplings allowed by vacuum metastability. We discuss various theoretical interpretations of the near-criticality of the Higgs mass.

/pdf/investigating-the-near-criticality-of-the-higgs-boson-1jrknkmcv0.pdf

Investigating the near-criticality of the Higgs boson

The implications of precision $Z$-pole, $W$-mass, and weak-neutral-current data for SU(2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}U(1) models are described. Within the minimal model one finds ${{sin}^{2}\stackrel{^}{\ensuremath{\theta}}}_{W}({M}_{Z})=0.2334\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0008$ in the modified minimal subtraction scheme or ${{sin}^{2}\ensuremath{\theta}}_{W}\ensuremath{\equiv}1\ensuremath{-}\frac{{M}_{W}^{2}}{{M}_{Z}^{2}}=0.2291\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0034$ in the on-shell scheme, where the uncertainties include the ${m}_{t}$ and ${M}_{H}$ dependence. The top-quark mass is predicted to be ${124}_{\ensuremath{-}34\ensuremath{-}15}^{+28+20}$ GeV, where the second uncertainty is from ${M}_{H}$, with ${m}_{t}l174(182)$ GeV at 90 (95)% C.L. For the first time subleading effects and vertex corrections allow a significant separation of ${m}_{t}$ and ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{0}$ in models with a nonminimal Higgs structure. Allowing arbitrary ${m}_{t}$ and Higgs representations one obtains ${{sin}^{2}\stackrel{^}{\ensuremath{\theta}}}_{W}({M}_{Z})=0.2333\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0008$, ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{0}=0.992\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.011$, and ${m}_{t}l294(310)$ GeV. The implications of these results for ordinary and supersymmetric grand unified theories are considered. Supersymmetric theories with a grand desert between the supersymmetry and unification scales are in striking agreement with data for ${M}_{\mathrm{SUSY}}$ in the ${M}_{Z}\ensuremath{-}1$ TeV range. Ordinary grand unified theories breaking to the standard model in more than one step are also discussed.

Implications of precision electroweak experiments for m t , ρ 0 , sin 2 θ W , and grand unification

Two-loop renormalization group equations in the standard model are recalculated. A new coefficient is found in the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ function of the quartic coupling and a class of gauge invariants is found to be absent in the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ functions of hadronic Yukawa couplings. The two-loop $\ensuremath{\beta}$ function of the Higgs mass parameter is presented in complete form.

Two-loop renormalization group equations in the standard model.

The complete set of two-loop renormalization group equations in general gauge field theories is presented. This includes the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ functions of parameters with and without a mass dimension.

Two-loop renormalization group equations in general gauge field theories

$Z$-pole, $W$-mass, and weak neutral-current (WNC) data as well as direct collider limits are used to constrain the mass and mixing of possible heavy ${Z}_{2}$ bosons with couplings expected in grand unified theories and ${\mathrm{SU}(2)}_{L}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{\mathrm{SU}(2)}_{R}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathrm{U}(1)$ models. The data now enable the top-quark mass and ${Z}_{2}$ properties to be limited simultaneously. The indirect ($Z$-pole, ${M}_{W}$, WNC) data stringently constrain the ${Z}_{1}^{0}\ensuremath{-}{Z}_{2}^{0}$ mixing angle $\ensuremath{\theta}$ ($|\ensuremath{\theta}|l0.01$ in most cases). For models with arbitrary Higgs representations, the limits on the ${Z}_{2}$ mass ${M}_{2}$ from indirect and direct constraints are rather weak (typically 160-400 GeV), but in specific models in which ${M}_{2}$ and $\ensuremath{\theta}$ are correlated, the constraints are much stronger (${M}_{2}g500\ensuremath{-}1000$ GeV). The weak angle in the modified minimal subtraction scheme is well determined even allowing for extra $Z'\mathrm{s}$ and an arbitrary Higgs structure: ${sin}^{2}{\stackrel{^}{\ensuremath{\theta}}}_{W}({M}_{Z})={0.2334}_{\ensuremath{-}0.0011}^{+0.0008}$, for the models considered, where the uncertainties include ${m}_{t}$, compared to the SU(2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}U(1) model value 0.2333\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0008. The 95%-C.L. upper limits on ${m}_{t}$ (${m}_{t}l182$ GeV for Higgs doublets and singlets only, and ${m}_{t}l310$ GeV for arbitrary Higgs representations) continue to hold in the presence of the extra $Z'\mathrm{s}$ considered. The implications of these results for ordinary and supersymmetric grand unification, atomic parity violation, charged-current universality, $R$ (${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, hadrons) below the $Z$ pole, and superstring theories are discussed. A nongauge model in which the ${Z}_{2}$ has the same couplings as the ordinary $Z$ is included for comparison.

Constraints on additional Z bosons.

This paper provides a theoretical framework for the high-precision ({le}1%) electroweak experiments that are likely to be done in the next ten years. The authors have collected the Standard Model (SM) predictions of 14 weak neutral-current observables and 15 {ital W} and {ital Z} properties to the one-loop level and have calculated the deviations that would be caused by ten general types of possible new physics that enter at the tree or loop level. Certain experiments appear to have special promise as probes of the new physics considered here. Most importantly, a systematic procedure is introduced that provides a prescription for the analysis of future experimental data and the means of delineating the nature of new physics if quantitative deviations from SM predictions are observed.

Mingxing Luo

Papers

Implications of precision electroweak experiments for m t , ρ 0 , sin 2 θ W , and grand unification

Two-loop renormalization group equations in the standard model.

Two-loop renormalization group equations in general gauge field theories

Constraints on additional Z bosons.

High precision electroweak experiments : a global search for new physics beyond the Standard Model