Advanced technique for non-destructive testing of friction stir welding of metals

A fibrous filter element for trapping diesel engine exhaust particulates comprises a mass of coiled wire of flattened cross section compacted into a small passage gas pervious body. The base wire is made of high temperature resistant metal, preferably an iron chromium aluminum alloy. The wire is coated with a particulate collection-enhancing coating of titanate ceramic.

Coiled fibrous metallic material and coating for diesel exhaust particulate trap

A voltage reference circuit for providing a temperature compensated voltage at an output thereof comprise a pair of transistor operated at different current densities for producing a first and second voltages having complementary temperature coefficients and circuitry for combining the two voltages to produce the temperature compensated voltage. A pair of load resistors are connected to the collectors of the two transistors for sourcing currents thereto and a feedback circuit, including a differential amplifier coupled to the respective collectors, provides a feedback signal for adjusting the potential on the bases thereof to maintain different current densities in the two transistors. A bias circuit operates in conjunction with the differential amplifier to bias the same in a balanced operating state whenever the currents in the transistors are substantially equal.

NPN band gap voltage reference

A rotary transfer system includes an attitude converting station for automatically changing the attitude of a pallet with a workpiece supported thereon into a predetermined attitude, at least two machining stations for machining the workpiece with machine tools, and a feeder for feeding the pallet along an arcuate feed path from the attitude converting station successively to the machining stations. The annular feed path has a pair of upper and lower arcuate movable rails disposed in each of the attitude converting station and the machining stations, and a pair of upper and lower arcuate fixed rails aligned with the movable rails.

Rotary transfer system

PURPOSE:To ensure the designing flexibility and to obtain the reference voltage of a low noise level, by providing a current supply circuit connected in series to a transistor between a power supply terminal and an earth terminal in addition to a prescribed current supply circuit and therefore setting the reference voltage and the temperature coefficient independently of each other CONSTITUTION:A power supply terminal 11 is connected to a reference voltage output terminal 14 via a current supply circuit 13, and an end of each of resistances 15 and 16 is connected to the terminal 14 At the same time, the collector of a transistor TR23 is connected to the terminal 14 The other end of the resistance 15 is connected to the collector of a TR17, and the base of the resistance 15 is connected to the base of a TR18 The emitters of the TRs 17 and 18 are connected to an earth terminal 24 directly via a resistance 19 respectively At the same time, the other end of the resistance 16 is connected to the emitter of the TR18 and to the base of a TR20, and the emitter of the TR20 is connected to the terminal 11 via a current supply circuit 12 Then the base of the TR23 is connected to the joint between a circuit 12 and the TR20 via a resistance R21 The emitter of the TR23 and a resistance 22 connected to a resistance 21 are connected to the terminal 24 Thus the reference voltage and the temperature coefficient are set independently of each other

Reference voltage circuit

PURPOSE:To simplify the circuit constitution, by constituting the amplifier with a reference current source, operational amplifier, current to current converter and current to voltage converter. CONSTITUTION:When the reference current IB from the reference current source B and the current IIR from the external sensor are given to a current to current converter C via an operational amplifier A, the converter C outputs two currents IL and I which change correspondingly. This output I is the difference between the currents IIN and IB and fed to a current voltage converter D. The current I and IL change with corresponding value mutually, and when the current IIN is corresponded to the measuring temperature and the current IB is corresponded to the reference contact temperature, the output in response to the types of thermocouples used can be produced with the converter D, and this circuit can be used as the reference contact compensator.

Current operational amplifier

PURPOSE: To obtain the extremely accurate constant voltage by using the output of the feedback amplifier receiving the division of the corresponding reference voltage for the power source of the operational amplifier along with the output of the operational amplifier used as the reference voltage. CONSTITUTION: The TRQ 2 the emitter area of which is larger than transistor TRQ 1 plus the collector of TRQ 1 are connected to operational amplifier A1 which features the differential operation. The output of A1 is used as reference voltage signal VOUT via TRQ 5 which operates via the emitter earth condition, and the divided voltage Vr is applied to the base of TRQ 1 and Q 2 each. Both TRQ 1 and Q 2 are driven with the same current to deliver signal VT depending on the temperature. Negative feedback amplifier A2 receives divided voltage V 01 of voltage VOUT, and the output is used as the power source of amplifier A1 plus TRQ 1 and Q 2 each. With this invention, the reference voltage can be altered by securing the free short- circuit for resistances 71W73, and voltage VOUT has no fluctuation by other factors. COPYRIGHT: (C)1980,JPO&Japio

Reference signal generating circuit

PURPOSE: To achieve the improvement in linearity of temperature and current characteristics with a simple circuit constitution by positively feeding back the output current of a transmitter using a temperature measuring resistor as its input. COPYRIGHT: (C)1978,JPO&Japio

Transmitter using temperature measuring resistor as input

Method of manufacturing plate resistor

PURPOSE: To reduce the voltage drop in circuits and reduce reactive current with a circuit constitution of less number of parts by controlling current and voltage through the use of a current mirror circuits of constituting transistors. COPYRIGHT: (C)1978,JPO&Japio

Minoru Odajima

Papers

Current operational amplifier

Reference signal generating circuit

Transmitter using temperature measuring resistor as input

Method of manufacturing plate resistor

Current limiting circuit for two wire type transmitter