Compounds are provided which comprise a fluorocarbon terminal portion and a chiral hydrocarbon terminal portion, said terminal portions being connected by a central core, said compounds having tilted smectic mesophases or having latent tilted smectic mesophases which develop when said compounds having said latent mesophases are in admixture with said compounds having tilted smectic mesophases or said compounds having latent tilted smectic mesophases.

Fluorine-containing chiral smectic liquid crystals

Achiral fluorine-containing liquid crystal compounds are provided. The compounds comprise a fluorocarbon terminal portion and a hydrocarbon or another fluorocarbon terminal portion, the terminal portions being connected by a central core, the compounds having smectic mesophases or having latent smectic mesophases. The compounds are useful in liquid crystal display devices both along and in mixtures with other materials. Also provided is a process for preparing these compounds.

Achiral fluorine-containing liquid crystals

Fluorine-containing, chiral liquid crystal compounds comprise: (a) a chiral fluorochemical terminal portion containing at least one methylene group and optionally containing at least one catenary ether oxygen atom; (b) a saturated, chiral or achiral, hydrocarbon terminal portion; and (c) a central core connecting the terminal portions. The compounds have smectic mesophases or latent smectic mesophases and are useful, for example, in liquid crystal display devices.

Liquid crystal compounds having a chiral fluorinated terminal portion

New anisotropic compounds of the formula (1) are useful in liquid crystal mixtures for electrooptical displays; at least one of the end groups of the compounds (1) is an alkyl group which carries cyano or halogen in a terminal or non-terminal position This offers advantages for longitudinal polarization and/or cross-polarization of the anisotropic compounds with the aid of the comparatively highly polarizing cyano or halogen substituents, in particular high clear points, low Δe/e⊥ values and/or negative Δe values

Anisotropic compounds and liquid crystal mixtures

An electro-optical liquid crystal display element comprises a dielectric with at least two liquid crystal components. In order to shorten the switching time, the dielectric contains at least one fluorine compound of formula (I): R1-(A1-Z1)m-A2-R2,in which the residues R1, R2, A1, A2, Z1 and m have the meaning given in claim 1.

Electro-optical liquid crystal display element.

Fluorine-containing phenyl benzoate compounds which have the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a C1 -C12 perfluoroalkyl group, a C1 -C12 alkyl group, a C1 -C12 alkoxy group, a C2 -C13 alkanoyloxy group, a C2 -C13 alkoxycarbonyl group, a C2 -C13 alkoxycarbonyloxy group or a C2 -C13 alkyldioxycarbonyl group and X is a C1 -C12 alkyl group, a C1 -C12 alkoxy group, a cyano group, a trifluoromethyl group or a nitro group with the proviso that X is trifluoromethyl when R is other than perfluoroalkyl are useful as components of liquid crystals.

Fluorine-containing phenyl benzoate compounds, and their production and use

A 3-substituted-3-fluoropyruvic acid and its ester and salt of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a lower alkyl group, a lower alkanoyl group, a fluorinated lower alkanoyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted pyridyl group and R' is a hydrogen atom, an ester-forming residue or a salt-forming residue, and their production.

3-Substituted-3-fluoropyruvic acids and their esters and salts, and production thereof

NEW MATERIAL:Fluorine-containing phenylbenzoate compound of formula I (Rf is 1-12C perfluoroalkyl; X is 1-12C alkyl, alkoxy, cyano, trifluoromethyl or nitro). EXAMPLE:p'-Cyanophenyl-p-(3-trifluoromethylperfluorobutyl)benzoate. USE:Useful as a constituent of liquid crystal composition, having high stability, excellent electrical characteristics, and long life. PROCESS:For example, a compound of formula I is obtained by reacting p-cyano- phenol or its alkali metal salt of formula II (Y is H or alkali metal) with a compound of formula III (Z is halogen) in the presence or absence of an acid acceptor, such as sodium carbonate or pyridine, preferably in an inactive organic solvent such as ether.

Fluorineecontaining phenylbenzoate compound* and its preparation and use

PURPOSE:To obtain the titled compound economically, by reacting iodine and iodine pentafluoride with a fluoroolefin using antimony, molybdenum, tungsten, phosphorus or their compound as a catalyst, and a specific titled compound as a diluent CONSTITUTION:A perfluoroalkyl iodide is produced by the reaction of iodine, iodine pentafluoride and a fluoroolefin The reaction is carried out by using antimony, molybdenum, tungsten, phosphorus or their compound as a catalyst, and a proper amount of a perfluoroalkyl iodide of formula CF3CF2(CF2)mI(m is 2-9) and/or (CF3)2CF(CF2)nI(n is 2, 4, 6 or 8) as a diluent The amount of the diluent is preferably about 03-5 times weight of the iodine pentafluoride The reaction heat can be removed safely and effectively by this process, and the objective compound is produced under atmospheric pressure or a relatively low pressure without necessitating the preheating of the reaction system at a high temperature

Production of perfluoroalkyl iodide

PURPOSE:To obtain the titled compound safely and advantageously in high yield with effectively suppressed side reactions in reacting iodine with iodine pentafluoride and a perfluoroolefin, by using phosphorus or a compound thereof as a catalyst. CONSTITUTION:Iodine is reacted with iodine pentafluoride and a perfluoroolefin as raw materials in the presence of phosphorus as a catalyst preferably in the presence of a diluent usually at about 0-150 deg.C, preferably about 40-80 deg.C, under ordinary or higher pressure to give the aimed compound. A 2-3C fluoroolefin, e.g. tetrafluoroethylene or hexafluoropropylene, is preferred for the above- mentioned perfluoroolefin. The amount of the catalyst to be used is about 0.01- 0.5mol, preferably about 0.05-0.2mol, based on 1mol iodine pentafluoride. Sulfur hexafluoride, etc. may be cited as the diluent, and the amount thereof to be used is preferably 0.01-0.1 of the weight of the iodine pentafluoride.

Misaki Susumu

Papers

Fluorine-containing phenyl benzoate compounds, and their production and use

3-Substituted-3-fluoropyruvic acids and their esters and salts, and production thereof

Fluorineecontaining phenylbenzoate compound* and its preparation and use

Production of perfluoroalkyl iodide

Preparation of perfluoroalkyl iodide