Combined stratigraphic-structural play characterization in hydrocarbon exploration: A case study of Middle Miocene sandstones, Gulf of Suez basin, Egypt

Waterflooding is one of the most common secondary recovery methods in the oil and gas industry. Globally, this process sometimes suffers a technical failure and inefficiency. Therefore, a better understanding of geology, reservoir characteristics, rock typing and discrimination, hydraulic flow units, and production data is essential to analyze reasons and mechanisms of water injection failure in the injection wells. Water injection failure was reported in the Middle Miocene Hammam Faraun reservoir at El Morgan oil field in the Gulf of Suez, where two wells have been selected as injector’s wells. In the first well (A1), the efficiency of injection was not good, whereas in the other analog A2 well good efficiency was assigned. Therefore, it is required to assess the injection loss in the low efficiency well, where all aspects of the geological, reservoir and production data of the studied wells were integrated to get a complete vision for the reasons of injection failure. The available data include core analysis data (vertical and horizontal permeabilities, helium porosity, bulk density, and water and oil saturations), petrographical studies injection and reservoir water chemistry, reservoir geology, production, and injection history. The quality of the data was examined and a set of reliable X–Y plots between the available data were introduced and the reservoir quality in both wells was estimated using reservoir quality index, normalized porosity index, and flow zone indicator. Integration and processing of the core and reservoir engineering data indicate that heterogeneity of the studied sequence was the main reason for the waterflooding inefficiency at the El Morgan A1 well. The best reservoir quality was assigned to the topmost part of the reservoir, which caused disturbance of the flow regime of reservoir fluids. Therefore, it is clearly indicated that rock typing and inadequate injection perforation strategy that has not been aligned with accurate hydraulic flow units are the key control parameters in the waterflooding efficiency.

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Implementation of Rock Typing on Waterflooding Process During Secondary Recovery in Oil Reservoirs: A Case Study, El Morgan Oil Field, Gulf of Suez, Egypt

Geomechanical modeling using the depth-of-damage approach to achieve successful underbalanced drilling in the Gulf of Suez rift basin

Modeling pore pressure and fracture pressure using integrated well logging, drilling based interpretations and reservoir data in the giant El Morgan oil field, Gulf of Suez, Egypt

Present-day in-situ stresses in Southern Gulf of Suez, Egypt: Insights for stress rotation in an extensional rift basin

Petrographic and diagenetic study of siliciclastic Jurassic sediments from the northeastern margin of Africa: Implication for reservoir quality

The Albian-Cenomanian reservoirs of the Ivorian sedimentary basin consist mainly of conglomeratic, pebbly, and very fine to coarse-grained sandstones. In the present study, the lithologic composition, flow and storage capacities, and reservoir quality parameters were studied in detail. Some fresh, clean and non-fractured samples were selected representative from FE-1 well in the depocenter of the basin, FE-2 well to the west, and FE-3 well to the east of the basin. Lithologic studies indicated that heterogeneity increases greatly to the east due to the implementation of diagenetic factors including cementation, silicification, authigenic clay minerals, and compaction. Though of the dominant reservoir quality-reducing factors, to the east, the reservoir quality increases due to increasing the grain size and the interstitial pore types. Porosity and permeability of samples were estimated by helium and nitrogen injection, respectively, whereas the reservoir quality was measured using different techniques, e.g., the FZI (flow zone indicator), the RQI (reservoir quality index), the effective pore radius (R35) of Winland, and the DRT (discrete rock type). The reservoir quality properties declared that the present plug samples can be clustered into six RRTs (reservoir rock types), with increasing reservoir quality from RRT6 (conglomeratic sandstone lithofacies) to RRT1 (deformed sandstone lithofacies).

Mohamed Abioui

Papers

Petrographic and diagenetic study of siliciclastic Jurassic sediments from the northeastern margin of Africa: Implication for reservoir quality

Reservoir quality discrimination of the Albian-Cenomanian reservoir sequences in the Ivorian basin: a lithological and petrophysical study