The present study was undertaken to identify the congestive heart failure patients by BNP test. To measure BNP levels in Patients with congestive heart disease, to use the BNP in the heart failure treatment and Routine use of BNP assays may help to more rapidly identify patients with heart failure, thereby saving money on unnecessary echocardiograms. In the present study observe the measurement of B-type natriuretic peptide in the heart failure patients. Heart failure, also called congestive heart failure, is a automated rapid assays have been made available condition in which the heart cannot pump enough to hospital laboratories, an increasing number of oxygenated blood to meet the needs of the body's other studies that were performed by clinical investigators organs. The heart keeps pumping, but not as efficiently as have documented the usefulness of these markers in the a healthy heart. Usually, the loss in the heart's pumping process of diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cardiac action is a symptom of an underlying heart problem. Heart disease (5). failure affects nearly 35 million adults in world total The present study was undertaken to identify the population (1). It is on the rise with an estimated 4 congestive heart failure patients by BNP test.To measure to7 millions new cases each year. More than 7.5 million BNP levels in Patients with congestive heart disease , to Indian's suffer from CHF and nearly a million new use the BNP in the heart failure treatment and Routine use cases arise each year. Congestive heart failure (CHF), of BNP assays may help to more rapidly identify patients congestive cardiac failure (CCF) or just heart failure is a with heart failure, thereby saving money on unnecessary condition that can result from any structural or functional echocardiograms. cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the heart to fill with or pump a sufficient amount of blood through the

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Rapid Measurement of B-Type Natriuretic Peptide in the Emergency Diagnosis of Heart Failure

BACKGROUND\nB-type natriuretic peptide levels are higher in patients with congestive heart failure than in patients with dyspnea from other causes.\n\n\nMETHODS\nWe conducted a prospective, randomized, controlled study of 452 patients who presented to the emergency department with acute dyspnea: 225 patients were randomly assigned to a diagnostic strategy involving the measurement of B-type natriuretic peptide levels with the use of a rapid bedside assay, and 227 were assessed in a standard manner. The time to discharge and the total cost of treatment were the primary end points.\n\n\nRESULTS\nBase-line demographic and clinical characteristics were well matched between the two groups. The use of B-type natriuretic peptide levels reduced the need for hospitalization and intensive care; 75 percent of patients in the B-type natriuretic peptide group were hospitalized, as compared with 85 percent of patients in the control group (P=0.008), and 15 percent of those in the B-type natriuretic peptide group required intensive care, as compared with 24 percent of those in the control group (P=0.01). The median time to discharge was 8.0 days in the B-type natriuretic peptide group and 11.0 days in the control group (P=0.001). The mean total cost of treatment was 5,410 dollars (95 percent confidence interval, 4,516 dollars to 6,304 dollars) in the B-type natriuretic peptide group, as compared with 7,264 dollars (95 percent confidence interval, 6,301 dollars to 8,227 dollars) in the control group (P=0.006). The respective 30-day mortality rates were 10 percent and 12 percent (P=0.45).\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nUsed in conjunction with other clinical information, rapid measurement of B-type natriuretic peptide in the emergency department improved the evaluation and treatment of patients with acute dyspnea and thereby reduced the time to discharge and the total cost of treatment.

Use of B-type natriuretic peptide in the evaluation and management of acute dyspnea

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements obtained with a novel rotating Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam; Oculus) with scanning slit topography (Orbscan; Bausch & Lomb), and with ultrasound pachymetry (SP-2000; Tomey). Methods. CCT in 30 healthy eyes was measured twice with each modality by 2 independent observers in random order. The results from scanning slit topography are given both with and without multiplication with the acoustic correction factor of 0.92. In addition, the displayed images from the rotating Scheimpflug camera and scanning slit topography were used to calculate the signal difference-to-noise ratios (SD/N) between cornea and background signal. Results. The mean CCT values as determined with the different modalities ( standard deviation) were: 542 29 m, 576 37 m, 530 34 m, and 552 32 m for rotating Scheimpflug imaging, for uncorrected and for corrected scanning slit pachymetry, and for ultrasound, respectively. The differences between modalities ( 95% limits of agreement) were -9.8 31 m between rotating Scheimpflug and ultrasound, 24 31.2 m between scanning slit and ultrasound, and 33 27 m between scanning slit and rotating Scheimpflug imaging. The limits of agreement for within and between observer effects were within 4.2% of the absolute CCT values for scanning slit and ultrasound and within 2.2% for the rotating Scheimpflug imaging. The rotating Scheimpflug camera showed similar SD/N ratios but steeper edges of the corneal surfaces in the intensity profile plots. Conclusion. In the assessment of normal corneas, the Pentacam measured CCT values closer to ultrasound pachymetry and with less variability compared with Orbscan. The (interobserver) reproducibility with the Pentacam was highest of all 3 modalities. (Optom Vis Sci 2005;82:892-899)

Repeatability and reproducibility of central corneal thickness measurement with Pentacam, Orbscan, and ultrasound.

Intravitreal Bevacizumab (Avastin) in the Treatment of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

PURPOSE. To characterize age- and gender-related differences in refractive error, ocular biometry, and lens opalescence (NOP) in a population-based sample of adult Latinos. Also assessed were the determinants of age-related refractive differences. METHODS. Participants in the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study (LALES), a population-based study of Latinos aged 40 years and more, underwent an ophthalmic examination, including ultrasonic measurements of axial length (AL), vitreous chamber depth (VCD), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), and noncycloplegic automated and subjective refraction. Comeal curvature/power (CP) was measured using an autorefractor. NOP was graded at the slit lamp by an ophthalmologist using the Lens Opacity Classification System II. Age- and gender-related differences were calculated. Multiple regression models were used to identify the determinants of age-related refractive differences. RESULTS. Of the 6357 LALES participants, 5588 phakic individuals with biometric data were included in this analysis. Older individuals had shallower ACDs, thicker lenses, more NOP, and more hyperopia compared to younger individuals (P < 0.001). There was no age-related difference in AL (P ≥ 0.05). Women had significantly shorter AL, shallower ACD and VCD, than did men (P ≤ 0.01). The strongest determinants of refractive error were AL (primarily VCD) and CP. NOP was a small but significant determinant of refractive error in older individuals. CONCLUSIONS. Age- and gender-related differences in ocular biometric, refractive error, and NOP measurements are present in adult Latinos. While the relative contribution of NOP in determining refractive error is small, it is greater in older persons compared to younger individuals.

Refractive error, ocular biometry, and lens opalescence in an adult population: the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study.

PURPOSE Phakic intraocular lenses are being used increasingly to correct refractive errors. We studied the relationship between anterior chamber depth, refractive state of the eye, spherical equivalent refraction, axial length of the globe, corneal diameter, and keratometry. METHODS Two hundred eleven eyes of 211 patients were enrolled. All eyes underwent the same protocol with a complete ocular examination that included slit-lamp microscopy, intraocular pressure, objective and subjective refraction, calculation of the spherical equivalent refraction, corneal pachymetry, anterior chamber depth, axial length of the globe, and keratometry. All results were analyzed statistically using SPSS statistics software. Correlations between different parameters were studied using the Pearson correlation test. RESULTS The anterior chamber depth was found to correlate significantly with both the average corneal diameter and the axial length of the globe (0.744, 0.531, P < .01) and was also found to correlate through an inverse relation with both age and spherical equivalent refraction (-0.391, -0.623, P < .01). Corneal thickness and keratometric power did not correlate with the anterior chamber depth. CONCLUSION Most parameters (axial length, corneal diameter, spherical equivalent refraction, patient age) affected anterior chamber depth and should be considered carefully when planning refractive procedures that employ phakic intraocular lenses.

Relationship between anterior chamber depth, refractive state, corneal diameter, and axial length.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103743

Sustainable adsorptive removal of antibiotic residues by chitosan composites: An insight into current developments and future recommendations

Abstract In this work, a simple and green synthesis procedure for phytofabrication Zinc oxide-silver supported biochar nanocomposite (Ag/ZnO@BC) via Persicaria salicifolia biomass is investigated for the first time to uphold numerous green chemistry such as less hazardous chemical syntheses. XRD technique showed the crystal structure of the phytosynthesized Ag/ZnO@BC, whereas UV–visible spectroscopy, FT-IR, SEM, EDX, TEM, and XPS analyses indicated the successful biosynthesis of the nanocomposite. Testing the photocatalytic potential of this novel nanocomposite in the removal of TC under different conditions unraveled its powerful photodegradation efficiency that reached 70.3% under the optimum reaction conditions: TC concentration; 50 ppm, pH; 6, a dose of Ag/ZnO@BC; 0.01 g, temperature; 25 °C, and H 2 O 2 concentration; 100 mM. The reusability of Ag/ZnO@BC was evident as it reached 53% after six cycles of regeneration. Ag/ZnO@BC was also shown to be a potent antimicrobial agent against Klebsiella pneumonia as well as a promising antioxidant material. Therefore, the current work presented a novel nanocomposite that could be efficiently employed in various environmental and medical applications. 

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Green synthesis of bimetallic Ag/ZnO@Biohar nanocomposite for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline, antibacterial and antioxidant activities

In the current study, a facile, rapid, and ecologically safe photosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) that remained stable for 3 months is reported to advocate the main aspects of green chemistry, such as safer solvents and auxiliaries, and the use of renewable feedstock. Zi-AuNPs were phytosynthesized by the aqueous extract of Ziziphus spina-christi leaves, and numerous techniques were employed for their characterization. The results demonstrated the successful phytofabrication of crystalline AuNPs with brownish-black color, spherical nanoparticles with a size between 0 and 10 nm, a plasmon peak at 540 nm, and a surface charge of −25.7 mV. Zi-AuNPs showed an effective photodegradation efficiency (81.14%) against malachite green and a good recycling capacity of 69.2% after five cycles of regeneration. The cytotoxicity test by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay signified a high anticancer efficiency for both Zi-AuNPs and Z. spina-christi extract against human breast cancer cells (MCF7 cell line) with IC50’s of 48 and 40.25 μg/mL, respectively. Highly efficient antioxidant capabilities were proven with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) removal percentages of 67.5% for Zi-AuNPs and 92.34% for Z. spina-christi extract.

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsomega.1c06714

Mohamed Hosny

Papers

Relationship between anterior chamber depth, refractive state, corneal diameter, and axial length.

Sustainable adsorptive removal of antibiotic residues by chitosan composites: An insight into current developments and future recommendations

Green synthesis of bimetallic Ag/ZnO@Biohar nanocomposite for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline, antibacterial and antioxidant activities

Facile Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles for Anticancer, Antioxidant Applications, and Photocatalytic Degradation of Toxic Organic Pollutants

Plant-assisted synthesis of gold nanoparticles for photocatalytic, anticancer, and antioxidant applications