Despite the perception people may have regarding the agricultural process, the reality is that today's agriculture industry is data-centered, precise, and smarter than ever. The rapid emergence of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) based technologies redesigned almost every industry including “smart agriculture” which moved the industry from statistical to quantitative approaches. Such revolutionary changes are shaking the existing agriculture methods and creating new opportunities along a range of challenges. This article highlights the potential of wireless sensors and IoT in agriculture, as well as the challenges expected to be faced when integrating this technology with the traditional farming practices. IoT devices and communication techniques associated with wireless sensors encountered in agriculture applications are analyzed in detail. What sensors are available for specific agriculture application, like soil preparation, crop status, irrigation, insect and pest detection are listed. How this technology helping the growers throughout the crop stages, from sowing until harvesting, packing and transportation is explained. Furthermore, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles for crop surveillance and other favorable applications such as optimizing crop yield is considered in this article. State-of-the-art IoT-based architectures and platforms used in agriculture are also highlighted wherever suitable. Finally, based on this thorough review, we identify current and future trends of IoT in agriculture and highlight potential research challenges.

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Internet-of-Things (IoT)-Based Smart Agriculture: Toward Making the Fields Talk

Healthcare monitoring system in hospitals and many other health centers has experienced significant growth, and portable healthcare monitoring systems with emerging technologies are becoming of great concern to many countries worldwide nowadays. The advent of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies facilitates the progress of healthcare from face-to-face consulting to telemedicine. This paper proposes a smart healthcare system in IoT environment that can monitor a patient’s basic health signs as well as the room condition where the patients are now in real-time. In this system, five sensors are used to capture the data from hospital environment named heart beat sensor, body temperature sensor, room temperature sensor, CO sensor, and CO2 sensor. The error percentage of the developed scheme is within a certain limit (< 5%) for each case. The condition of the patients is conveyed via a portal to medical staff, where they can process and analyze the current situation of the patients. The developed prototype is well suited for healthcare monitoring that is proved by the effectiveness of the system.

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Development of Smart Healthcare Monitoring System in IoT Environment.

Today, Surface Acoustic Waves (SAWs) and Bulk Acoustic Waves (BAW) are already two of the very few phononic technologies of industrial relevance and can been found in a myriad of devices employing these nanoscale earthquakes on a chip. Acoustic radio frequency filters, for instance, are integral parts of wireless devices. SAWs in particular find applications in life sciences and microfluidics for sensing and mixing of tiny amounts of liquids. In addition to these continuously growing number of applications, SAWs are ideally suited to probe and control elementary excitations in condensed matter at the limit of single quantum excitations. Even collective excitations, classical or quantum, or integrated optomechanical are nowadays coherently interfaced by SAWs.

This wide, highly diverse, interdisciplinary and continuously expanding spectrum literally unites advanced sensing and manipulation applications. Remarkably, SAW technology is inherently multiscale and span from single atomic or nanoscopic units up even to the millimeter scale.

The aim of this roadmap article is to present a snapshot of the present state of Surface Acoustic Wave science and technology in 2019 and provide an opinion on the challenges and opportunities that the future holds from a group of renown experts covering the interdisciplinary key areas, ranging from fundamental quantum effects to practical applications of acoustic devices in life science.

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The 2019 surface acoustic waves roadmap

The three previous industrial revolutions profoundly transformed agriculture industry from indigenous farming to mechanized farming and recent precision agriculture. Industrial farming paradigm greatly improves productivity, but a number of challenges have gradually emerged, which have exacerbated in recent years. Industry 4.0 is expected to reshape the agriculture industry once again and promote the fourth agricultural revolution. In this article, first, we review the current status of industrial agriculture along with lessons learned from industrialized agricultural production patterns, industrialized agricultural production processes, and the industrialized agri-food supply chain. Furthermore, five emerging technologies, namely the Internet of Things, robotics, artificial intelligence, big data analytics, and blockchain, toward Agriculture 4.0 are discussed. Specifically, we focus on the key applications of these emerging technologies in the agricultural sector and corresponding research challenges. This article aims to open up new research opportunities for readers, particularly industrial practitioners.

From Industry 4.0 to Agriculture 4.0: Current Status, Enabling Technologies, and Research Challenges

Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the most rapidly used technologies in the last decade in various applications. The smart things are connected in wireless or wired for communication, processing, computing, and monitoring different real-time scenarios. The things are heterogeneous and have low memory, less processing power. The implementation of the IoT system comes with security and privacy challenges because traditional based existing security protocols do not suitable for IoT devices. In this survey, the authors initially described an overview of the IoT technology and the area of its application. The primary security issue CIA (confidentially, Integrity, Availability) and layer-wise issues are identified. Then the authors systematically study the three primary technology Machine learning(ML), Artificial intelligence (AI), and Blockchain for addressing the security issue in IoT. In the end, an analysis of this survey, security issues solved by the ML, AI, and Blockchain with research challenges are mention.

Survey on IoT security: Challenges and solution using machine learning, artificial intelligence and blockchain technology

Advances in wireless communication are forging new possibilities for sensors. New sensors are equipping major systems around us with unparalleled intelligence as in the case of smart grids, smart homes, and driverless vehicles. Considering the current developments in the field of sensor networks, one feels that it has reached an interesting stage, where the role of the sensors becoming crucial in numerous applications. This all speaks volumes of the fact that sensors are going to be at the front and center of most of future technologies, needless to say the Internet of Things. Considering their vital role from futuristic perspective this survey reports variety of sensors along with their characteristics and applications, which impact human life and well-being. In addition, this survey considers recent prototypes, leading sensor manufacturers as well as major projects that have made use of sensors since the last decade. Moreover, significance of this effort is that integration possibilities of sensors with other networks and major technologies are discussed, while possible challenges and key benefits are highlighted. This research effort focuses the latest developments in the area of sensors and sensor networks as research gears up to meet the challenges of the emerging technologies and their applications particularly those that emphasize smart sensors.

Mohammad Ammad-Uddin

Papers

Internet-of-Things (IoT)-Based Smart Agriculture: Toward Making the Fields Talk

Wireless Sensor’s Civil Applications, Prototypes, and Future Integration Possibilities: A Review

Wireless Sensor Networks with Dynamic Nodes for Water and Crop Health Management