https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/preview/1797952/1-s2.0-S0140673618322797-main.pdf

Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

XI. STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING DIABETES CARE D iabetes is a chronic illness that requires continuing medical care and patient self-management education to prevent acute complications and to reduce the risk of long-term complications. Diabetes care is complex and requires that many issues, beyond glycemic control, be addressed. A large body of evidence exists that supports a range of interventions to improve diabetes outcomes. These standards of care are intended to provide clinicians, patients, researchers, payors, and other interested individuals with the components of diabetes care, treatment goals, and tools to evaluate the quality of care. While individual preferences, comorbidities, and other patient factors may require modification of goals, targets that are desirable for most patients with diabetes are provided. These standards are not intended to preclude more extensive evaluation and management of the patient by other specialists as needed. For more detailed information, refer to Bode (Ed.): Medical Management of Type 1 Diabetes (1), Burant (Ed): Medical Management of Type 2 Diabetes (2), and Klingensmith (Ed): Intensive Diabetes Management (3). The recommendations included are diagnostic and therapeutic actions that are known or believed to favorably affect health outcomes of patients with diabetes. A grading system (Table 1), developed by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and modeled after existing methods, was utilized to clarify and codify the evidence that forms the basis for the recommendations. The level of evidence that supports each recommendation is listed after each recommendation using the letters A, B, C, or E.

Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes

https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/164632/2/01_Bin%2bSayeed_Global%252C_regional%252C_and_national_2018.pdf

Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, andyears lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematicanalysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/ws/files/259213304/PIIS0140673620309259.pdf

Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

In this chapter, we are going to discuss about salivary glands cancers, their clinical manifestations and categories, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. We will go through details in each part in both clinical and surgical aspects based on recently prominent published studies and research in prestigious journals. After a short review on clinical features, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment, we will show staging and tumor node metastasis (TNM) classification of major salivary gland tumors and also basic principles of approach to salivary gland cancers. A little will be explained about basic surgical procedures for removal of cancers and benign tumors.

https://www.intechopen.com/citation-pdf-url/56488

Salivary Gland Cancers: A Survey through History, Classifications and Managements

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is the inﬂammation of paranasal sinusmucousmembranes. Considering the inﬂuence of fungi on chronic rhinosinusitis and diﬀerent results concerning the eﬀect of Amphotericin B on improvement of this condition; this study aimed to determine the eﬀect of topical Amphotericin B on improvement of the symptoms in patients with CRS. Methods: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 80 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who visited the allergy clinic of BaqiyatallahHospital fromJune toOctober 2014were randomly allocated to two groups; the ﬁrst group received 10 cc topical lavage of Amphotericin B (5 cc each nostril for every 12 hours) and the second group received placebo for threemonths. Symptoms, nasal mucusa smear, serumlevel of inﬂammatory cytokines, CT scan and rhinoscopy score changes were evaluated in both groups after threemonths. Results: Fifty-ﬁve male and 25 female patients were evaluated in two groups. The mean age was 26.1  2.36 and 27.9  1.59 years in intervention and control groups respectively (P = 0.08). There were no signiﬁcant diﬀerences in demographic data between the groups (P > 0.05). Nasal obstruction, post nasal drip (PND), reduced sense of smell, quality of life, CT scan and rhinoscopy scores were not signiﬁcantly diﬀerent between the two groups after intervention (P > 0.05). Facial pain severity score was signiﬁcantly more reduced in intervention group in comparison with control group (P < 0.01). Conclusions: We concluded that application of Amphotericin B as an adjunctive medication to other common treatments, does not seemto be an eﬃcientmethod for improvement of CRS symptoms.

https://journal.razavihospital.ir/article_113542_712abc6833409461caa88e782addd76a.pdf

Effect of Amphotericin B on Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis; A Double-blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Introduction: One of the most important problems of premature infants and main reason of hospitalization in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is their low birth weight. They need gavage for feeding which has several side effects. Thus choosing appropriate nutritional interventions in premature infants decreases gavage-related complications and results in lower duration of hospitalization. Methods: In this clinical trial study premature infants were randomly allocated to two intervention and control groups. Both groups underwent routine care. Intervention group infants received abdominal massage 15 minutes twice a day for five days by a trained physiotherapist using moisturizing lotion based on the method described in previous studies. Results: Eventually 28 infants (15 male and 13 female) with a mean gestational age of 32.43±1.16 weeks in intervention and 33±0.88 weeks in control group underwent analysis (p=0.15). Mean gastric residual volume was 0.71±1.13 ml in intervention and 1.43±1.55 ml in control group prior to intervention (p=0.2). It was 1.93±2.43 ml in intervention and 4.71±4.25 ml in control group in the fifth day of intervention (p=0.04). Before intervention, mean weight was 1830±330 gr in intervention and 1870±370 gr in control group (p=0.82). In the fifth day of intervention mean weight was 1871±323.15 gr in intervention group and 1767±347.24 gr in control group (p=0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion our findings suggest that abdominal massage efficiently decreases gastric residual volume and helps with weight gain in preterm infants.

/pdf/effect-of-abdominal-massage-on-gastric-residual-volume-and-5erdr6wa6j.pdf

Effect of Abdominal Massage on Gastric Residual Volume and Weight Gain of Premature Infants Admitted in NICU

Objective: To assess seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in children with anxiety disordersMaterials & methods: This case-control study was conducted between September 2012 and May 2013 in pediatrics clinic of Baqiyatallah hospital. Children referred to child psychiatry clinic of our hospital were selected to be assessed clinically. Diagnosis of patients with anxiety disorders was based on DSM-4system, which is performed by child psychiatrist. Then they were referred to laboratory in order to have their anti-toxoplasma antibodies measured. A questionnaire was verbally administered to all individuals’ parents including demographic information and questions about life style, family history, medical history, economic situation, residence, nutritional patterns and contact with animals.Result:Ninety-six male and female cases with a mean age of 8.56±2.5 and 8.42±1.9 underwent   analysis. Anti-T.gondii IgG antibody was found in one case of each group There was no significant difference between case and control groups for serum Toxoplasma IgG antibody (p=0.14). No case individuals had Anti-T.gondii IgM antibody, while it was found in one control individual. No significant difference was seen between case and control groups for Toxoplasma IgM antibody (p=0.27).Conclusion:In conclusion, our findings suggest that toxoplasmosis has no direct effect on the incidence of anxiety disorders. More studies are needed with a larger volume of individuals in future.

/pdf/assessment-of-toxoplasma-seropositivity-in-children-4bwz8xdok8.pdf

Assessment of Toxoplasma Seropositivity in Children Suffering from Anxiety Disorders.

Background: As the first endocrine gland to form during embryogenesis, Thyroid develops in the 7th embryonic week through migration from foramen cecum to its adult position, anterolat­eral of 2nd and 4th tracheal cartilages. Ectopic Thyroid can be found anywhere along the migra­tion path with or without co-existence of a normally located Thyroid. Ectopic thyroid glands at two different locations are so rare that only about 24 cases of dual ectopia have been reported. We present the first case of dual ectopic submandibular multinudolar goiter. Case Report: We describe a 35-year-old housewife who consulted us complaining two huge and gradually-grow­ing swellings in right and left upper neck regions. In physical examination, two great well-de­fined masses, one in right and one in left submandibular regions, were seen which had firm for­midability with no mobility, tenderness or evidence of inflammation. Imaging and fine-needle aspiration confirmed the diagnosis of dual ectopic submandibular multinodular goiter in our patient as the first case of occurrence. Conclusion: Finally, we recommend ectopic thyroid to be considered in the diagnosis of laterally located and submandibular neck masses especially in the absence of normally located thyroid. Additionally, we confirmed the idea that not all the laterally-located ectopic thyroids are malignant. [GMJ.2016;5(2):98-102]

https://www.gmj.ir/index.php/gmj/article/download/648/pdf_129

Mohammad Hossein Khosravi

Papers

Salivary Gland Cancers: A Survey through History, Classifications and Managements

Effect of Amphotericin B on Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis; A Double-blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Effect of Abdominal Massage on Gastric Residual Volume and Weight Gain of Premature Infants Admitted in NICU

Assessment of Toxoplasma Seropositivity in Children Suffering from Anxiety Disorders.

Dual Ectopic Multinodular Goiter: A Case Report