Hepatitis E virus (HEV): molecular cloning and sequencing of the full-length viral genome.

Rodents are the most abundant and diversified order of living mammals in the world. Already since the Middle Ages we know that they can contribute to human disease, as black rats were associated with distribution of plague. However, also in modern times rodents form a threat for public health. In this review article a large number of pathogens that are directly or indirectly transmitted by rodents are described. Moreover, a simplified rodent disease model is discussed.

Rodent-borne diseases and their risks for public health

Hepatitis E: an emerging awareness of an old disease.

Hepatitis E is endemic in many developing countries where it causes substantial morbidity. In industrialised countries, it is considered rare, and largely confined to travellers returning from endemic areas. However, there is now a growing body of evidence that challenges this notion. Autochthonous hepatitis E in developed countries is far more common than previously recognised, and might be more common than hepatitis A. Hepatitis E has a predilection for older men in whom it causes substantial morbidity and mortality. The disease has a poor prognosis in the context of pre-existing chronic liver disease, and is frequently misdiagnosed as drug-induced liver injury. The source and route of infection remain uncertain, but it might be a porcine zoonosis. Patients with unexplained hepatitis should be tested for hepatitis E, whatever their age or travel history.

https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/laninf/PIIS1473-3099(08)70255-X.pdf

Hepatitis E: an emerging infection in developed countries

https://aasldpubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hep.1840150402

The pathology of hepatitis C.

https://www.amjmed.com/article/0002-9343(80)90200-4/pdf

Mohammed Sultan Khuroo

Papers

Study of an epidemic of non-A, non-B, hepatitis. Possibility of another human hepatitis virus distinct from post-transfusion non-A, non-B type.