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Power Electronics Converters Applications And Design

The increasing demand for electricity and the emergence of smart grids have presented new opportunities for a home energy management system (HEMS) that can reduce energy usage. The HEMS incorporates a demand response (DR) tool that shifts and curtails demand to improve home energy consumption. This system commonly creates optimal consumption schedules by considering several factors, such as energy costs, environmental concerns, load profiles, and consumer comfort. With the deployment of smart meters, performing load control using the HEMS with DR-enabled appliances has become possible. This paper provides a comprehensive review on previous and current research related to the HEMS by considering various DR programs, smart technologies, and load scheduling controllers. The application of artificial intelligence for load scheduling controllers, such as artificial neural network, fuzzy logic, and adaptive neural fuzzy inference system, is also reviewed. Heuristic optimization techniques, which are widely used for optimal scheduling of various electrical devices in a smart home, are also discussed.

Review on Home Energy Management System Considering Demand Responses, Smart Technologies, and Intelligent Controllers

Smart grids security challenges: Classification by sources of threats

The smart grid (SG) paradigm is the next technological leap of the conventional electrical grid, contributing to the protection of the physical environment and providing multiple advantages such as increased reliability, better service quality, and the efficient utilization of the existing infrastructure and the renewable energy resources. However, despite the fact that it brings beneficial environmental, economic, and social changes, the existence of such a system possesses important security and privacy challenges, since it includes a combination of heterogeneous, co-existing smart, and legacy technologies. Based on the rapid evolution of the cyber-physical systems (CPS), both academia and industry have developed appropriate measures for enhancing the security surface of the SG paradigm using, for example, integrating efficient, lightweight encryption and authorization mechanisms. Nevertheless, these mechanisms may not prevent various security threats, such as denial of service (DoS) attacks that target on the availability of the underlying systems. An efficient countermeasure against several cyberattacks is the intrusion detection and prevention system (IDPS). In this paper, we examine the contribution of the IDPSs in the SG paradigm, providing an analysis of 37 cases. More detailed, these systems can be considered as a secondary defense mechanism, which enhances the cryptographic processes, by timely detecting or/and preventing potential security violations. For instance, if a cyberattack bypasses the essential encryption and authorization mechanisms, then the IDPS systems can act as a secondary protection service, informing the system operator for the presence of the specific attack or enabling appropriate preventive countermeasures. The cases we study focused on the advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, substations, and synchrophasors. Based on our comparative analysis, the limitations and the shortcomings of the current IDPS systems are identified, whereas appropriate recommendations are provided for future research efforts.

/pdf/securing-the-smart-grid-a-comprehensive-compilation-of-462if2wjy3.pdf

Securing the Smart Grid: A Comprehensive Compilation of Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems

The power system worldwide is going through a revolutionary transformation due to the integration with various distributed components, including advanced metering infrastructure, communication infrastructure, distributed energy resources, and electric vehicles, to improve the reliability, energy efficiency, management, and security of the future power system These components are becoming more tightly integrated with IoT They are expected to generate a vast amount of data to support various applications in the smart grid, such as distributed energy management, generation forecasting, grid health monitoring, fault detection, home energy management, etc With these new components and information, artificial intelligence techniques can be applied to automate and further improve the performance of the smart grid In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art artificial intelligence techniques to support various applications in a distributed smart grid In particular, we discuss how artificial techniques are applied to support the integration of renewable energy resources, the integration of energy storage systems, demand response, management of the grid and home energy, and security As the smart grid involves various actors, such as energy produces, markets, and consumers, we also discuss how artificial intelligence and market liberalization can potentially help to increase the overall social welfare of the grid Finally, we provide further research challenges for large-scale integration and orchestration of automated distributed devices to realize a truly smart grid

State-of-the-Art Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Distributed Smart Grids: A Review

The traditional electric power system is examining a transformation process to an intelligent, efficient, and cost-effective smart grid (SG) system. The SG has different subsystems for its accurate functionality. Among these subsystems, the communication subsystem plays a vital role for real-time data sharing between devices and systems connected in SG domain. In this paper, a survey of smart communication subsystem is provided and several communication technologies that have strong potential for implementation in future SG applications by electric utility companies are discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of each communication technology in the SG domain are also presented. Finally, a hybrid communication model is suggested for reliable communication between smart meters and control system in the SG.

A survey of communication technologies for smart grid connectivity

Different types and techniques of DDoS attacks & defense are studied in this paper with some recent information on attacks dominated in year 2012 (1st Quarter) We further provide simulation based analysis of an FTP server"s performance in a typical enterprise network under distributed denial of service attack Simulations in OPNET show noticeable variations in connection capacity, task processing and delay parameters of the attacked server as compared to the performance without attack DDoS detection and mitigation mechanisms discussed in this paper mainly focus on some recently investigated techniques Finally, conclusions are drawn on the basis of survey based study as well as simulation results

/pdf/study-and-performance-evaluation-on-recent-ddos-trends-of-xc1jgsprvf.pdf

Study and Performance Evaluation on Recent DDoS Trends of Attack & Defense

Increasing the unplanned penetration of Distributed Generators (DGs) has spurred active and reactive power losses in the distribution system. This article suggests using a novel Strawberry Plant Propagation Algorithm (SPPA) for planning the placement of the DGs with the aim of reducing the network (active) power losses and improving the overall voltage profile. The proposed method (SPPA) has been tested on 33 and 69 node radial systems in MATLAB. A cost analysis was also performed and compared with other contemporary methods. The results for the considered variables show the significance of the proposed method in comparison to various other counterparts, including the Mine Blast Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization.

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/6/1744/pdf

Optimal Siting and Sizing of Distributed Generators by Strawberry Plant Propagation Algorithm

A topology for bidirectional non-isolated multiport DC-DC converter is proposed in this paper. The energy generation from the renewable sources such as wind and solar aie intermittent in nature. A battery port is mandatory for this purpose. Hence, a high gain multiport bidirectional converter for DC micro-grid application with high conversion efficiency, reduced size, and low cost is proposed. The bidirectional power flow capability through a feedback back path to charge a battery from the load capacitor is also provided. Therefore, the battery is not only charged from the input source but also from the load capacitor. The number of outputs are independent from each other and the battery is charged from the second output. Steady state operation and theoretical analysis of the converter proposed is elaborated. To validate the performance and theoretical concepts, it is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink software. The results of simulation verify the appropriate performance of proposed topology.

A high gain multi-port bidirectional non-isolated DC-DC converter for renewable integration

Multilevel Inverter (MLI) has gained a lot of interest in academia and industry as an alternative for high power and medium voltage applications. The design and analysis of 15-level reduced switch inverter with different modes of operation are presented in this paper. The proposed inverter is asymmetric in nature and uses unequal dc voltage sources. This inverter topology is investigated for multi-objectives such as a minimum number of switches, capacitors and total harmonic distortion (THD) for producing maximum output voltage steps. Different modulation techniques are applied in order to analyze THD and comparison among different techniques are presented. The authentication and realization of proposed 15-level inverter topology are confirmed with the help of Matlab/Simulink environment.

Muhammad Arif

Papers

A survey of communication technologies for smart grid connectivity

Study and Performance Evaluation on Recent DDoS Trends of Attack & Defense

Optimal Siting and Sizing of Distributed Generators by Strawberry Plant Propagation Algorithm

A high gain multi-port bidirectional non-isolated DC-DC converter for renewable integration

Design and Analysis of 15-level Asymmetric Multilevel Inverter with Reduced Switch Count using Different PWM Techniques