Today world thinks about coronavirus disease that which means all even this pandemic disease is not unique. The purpose of this study is to detect the role of machine-learning applications and algorithms in investigating and various purposes that deals with COVID-19. Review of the studies that had been published during 2020 and were related to this topic by seeking in Science Direct, Springer, Hindawi, and MDPI using COVID-19, machine learning, supervised learning, and unsupervised learning as keywords. The total articles obtained were 16,306 overall but after limitation; only 14 researches of these articles were included in this study. Our findings show that machine learning can produce an important role in COVID-19 investigations, prediction, and discrimination. In conclusion, machine learning can be involved in the health provider programs and plans to assess and triage the COVID-19 cases. Supervised learning showed better results than other Unsupervised learning algorithms by having 92.9% testing accuracy. In the future recurrent supervised learning can be utilized for superior accuracy.

/pdf/coronavirus-disease-covid-19-cases-analysis-using-machine-43fti7dfvz.pdf

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases analysis using machine-learning applications.

Hepatitis C is considered a deadly disease as mortality rate in the patients suffering from this disease is very high, if not properly treated. This research proposes an IOMT based ensemble classification framework for the prediction of treatment response of a drug: “L-Ornithine-L-Aspartate” (LOLA) in hepatitis c patients. The treatment with this drug is called LOLA therapy which is significant for the patients to recover from the effects of hepatitis c disease. To implement the proposed framework, we used the medical data of hepatitis c patients who are being treated with LOLA therapy. The proposed framework integrates the predictive accuracy of two supervised machine learning techniques: Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Decision Tree (DT) by using Voting ensemble technique. The results reflect that the proposed ensemble framework performed well as compared to other published techniques on the prediction of treatment response for hepatitis c disease.

An IoMT based Ensemble Classification Framework to Predict Treatment Response in Hepatitis C Patients

For modern city environments to be renewable and clean, waste management and recycling are essential. Solid waste management, disposal, and recycling are issues in many Pakistani cities, particularly Karachi and Lahore. The combination of the IoTs and deep learning offers a modular technique to data categorization and real-time examining. This article illustrates a capable “Smart trash management and categorization system” based on the “internet of things (IoT)” and DL. The article provides an architectural idea for a microchips-based garbage bin that uses numerous measuring instruments to connect with the method to gather wastes as quickly as possible. The “Internet of Things (IoT)” is used in the suggested data monitoring solution to offer real-time data control. In addition, in this smart waste management and categorization scheme, a waste classification model based on convolutional neural networks was deployed. This waste classification technique will be used to sort rubbish into several categories at the waste-collecting plant to increase recycling. This proposed system offers complete trash management and recycling solution in smart cities, from waste collection to waste management and classification.

Smart Waste Management and Classification System for Smart Cities using Deep Learning

Precipitation in any form—such as rain, snow, and hail—can affect day-to-day outdoor activities. Rainfall prediction is one of the challenging tasks in weather forecasting process. Accurate rainfall prediction is now more difficult than before due to the extreme climate variations. Machine learning techniques can predict rainfall by extracting hidden patterns from historical weather data. Selection of an appropriate classification technique for prediction is a difficult job. This research proposes a novel real-time rainfall prediction system for smart cities using a machine learning fusion technique. The proposed framework uses four widely used supervised machine learning techniques, i.e., decision tree, Naïve Bayes, K-nearest neighbors, and support vector machines. For effective prediction of rainfall, the technique of fuzzy logic is incorporated in the framework to integrate the predictive accuracies of the machine learning techniques, also known as fusion. For prediction, 12 years of historical weather data (2005 to 2017) for the city of Lahore is considered. Pre-processing tasks such as cleaning and normalization were performed on the dataset before the classification process. The results reflect that the proposed machine learning fusion-based framework outperforms other models.

/pdf/rainfall-prediction-system-using-machine-learning-fusion-for-7sd8jzrq.pdf

Rainfall Prediction System Using Machine Learning Fusion for Smart Cities

https://www.techscience.com/cmc/v67n1/41171/pdf

Machine Learning Enabled Early Detection of Breast Cancer by Structural Analysis of Mammograms

In the medical field, it is essential to predict diseases early to prevent them. Diabetes is one of the most dangerous diseases all over the world. In modern lifestyles, sugar and fat are typically present in our dietary habits, which have increased the risk of diabetes. To predict the disease, it is extremely important to understand its symptoms. Currently, machine-learning (ML) algorithms are valuable for disease detection. This article presents a model using a fused machine learning approach for diabetes prediction. The conceptual framework consists of two types of models: Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models. These models analyze the dataset to determine whether a diabetes diagnosis is positive or negative. The dataset used in this research is divided into training data and testing data with a ratio of 70:30 respectively. The output of these models becomes the input membership function for the fuzzy model, whereas the fuzzy logic finally determines whether a diabetes diagnosis is positive or negative. A cloud storage system stores the fused models for future use. Based on the patient’s real-time medical record, the fused model predicts whether the patient is diabetic or not. The proposed fused ML model has a prediction accuracy of 94.87, which is higher than the previously published methods.

/pdf/prediction-of-diabetes-empowered-with-fused-machine-learning-2mflndjt.pdf

Prediction of diabetes empowered with fused machine learning

https://www.techscience.com/cmc/v65n1/39558/pdf

Intelligent Cloud Based Heart Disease Prediction System Empowered with Supervised Machine Learning

Oral cancer is a dangerous and extensive cancer with a high death ratio. Oral cancer is the most usual cancer in the world, with more than 300,335 deaths every year. The cancerous tumor appears in the neck, oral glands, face, and mouth. To overcome this dangerous cancer, there are many ways to detect like a biopsy, in which small chunks of tissues are taken from the mouth and tested under a secure and hygienic microscope. However, microscope results of tissues to detect oral cancer are not up to the mark, a microscope cannot easily identify the cancerous cells and normal cells. Detection of cancerous cells using microscopic biopsy images helps in allaying and predicting the issues and gives better results if biologically approaches apply accurately for the prediction of cancerous cells, but during the physical examinations microscopic biopsy images for cancer detection there are major chances for human error and mistake. So, with the development of technology deep learning algorithms plays a major role in medical image diagnosing. Deep learning algorithms are efficiently developed to predict breast cancer, oral cancer, lung cancer, or any other type of medical image. In this study, the proposed model of transfer learning model using AlexNet in the convolutional neural network to extract rank features from oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) biopsy images to train the model. Simulation results have shown that the proposed model achieved higher classification accuracy 97.66% and 90.06% of training and testing, respectively.

/pdf/histopathologic-oral-cancer-prediction-using-oral-squamous-1jbeof34.pdf

Histopathologic Oral Cancer Prediction Using Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Biopsy Empowered with Transfer Learning

Cancer is a major public health issue in the modern world. Breast cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the breast and spreads to other parts of the body. One of the most common types of cancer that kill women is breast cancer. When cells become uncontrollably large, cancer develops. There are various types of breast cancer. The proposed model discussed benign and malignant breast cancer. In computer-aided diagnosis systems, the identification and classification of breast cancer using histopathology and ultrasound images are critical steps. Investigators have demonstrated the ability to automate the initial level identification and classification of the tumor throughout the last few decades. Breast cancer can be detected early, allowing patients to obtain proper therapy and thereby increase their chances of survival. Deep learning (DL), machine learning (ML), and transfer learning (TL) techniques are used to solve many medical issues. There are several scientific studies in the previous literature on the categorization and identification of cancer tumors using various types of models but with some limitations. However, research is hampered by the lack of a dataset. The proposed methodology is created to help with the automatic identification and diagnosis of breast cancer. Our main contribution is that the proposed model used the transfer learning technique on three datasets, A, B, C, and A2, A2 is the dataset A with two classes. In this study, ultrasound images and histopathology images are used. The model used in this work is a customized CNN-AlexNet, which was trained according to the requirements of the datasets. This is also one of the contributions of this work. The results have shown that the proposed system empowered with transfer learning achieved the highest accuracy than the existing models on datasets A, B, C, and A2.

/pdf/breast-cancer-detection-and-classification-empowered-with-3takxn7e.pdf

Breast Cancer Detection and Classification Empowered With Transfer Learning

Skin cancer is a major type of cancer with rapidly increasing victims all over the world. It is very much important to detect skin cancer in the early stages. Computer-developed diagnosis systems helped the physicians to diagnose disease, which allows appropriate treatment and increases the survival ratio of patients. In the proposed system, the classification problem of skin disease is tackled. An automated and reliable system for the classification of malignant and benign tumors is developed. In this system, a customized pretrained Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) is implemented. The pretrained AlexNet model is customized by replacing the last layers according to the proposed system problem. The softmax layer is modified according to binary classification detection. The proposed system model is well trained on malignant and benign tumors skin cancer dataset of 1920 images, where each class contains 960 images. After good training, the proposed system model is validated on 480 images, where the size of images of each class is 240. The proposed system model is analyzed using the following parameters: accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predicted Values (PPV), Negative Predicted Value (NPV), False Positive Ratio (FPR), False Negative Ratio (FNR), Likelihood Ratio Positive (LRP), and Likelihood Ratio Negative (LRN). The accuracy achieved through the proposed system model is 87.1%, which is higher than traditional methods of classification.

/pdf/detection-of-benign-and-malignant-tumors-in-skin-empowered-1yu48ik5.pdf

Muhammad Farhan Khan

Papers

Prediction of diabetes empowered with fused machine learning

Intelligent Cloud Based Heart Disease Prediction System Empowered with Supervised Machine Learning

Histopathologic Oral Cancer Prediction Using Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Biopsy Empowered with Transfer Learning

Breast Cancer Detection and Classification Empowered With Transfer Learning

Detection of Benign and Malignant Tumors in Skin Empowered with Transfer Learning