A strategy used to design high capacity (>200 mAh g−1), Li2MnO3-stabilized LiMO2 (M = Mn, Ni, Co) electrodes for lithium-ion batteries is discussed. The advantages of the Li2MnO3 component and its influence on the structural stability and electrochemical properties of these layered xLi2MnO3·(1 −
				x)LiMO2 electrodes are highlighted. Structural, chemical, electrochemical and thermal properties of xLi2MnO3·(1 −
				x)LiMO2 electrodes are considered in the context of other commercially exploited electrode systems, such as LiCoO2, LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2, Li1+xMn2−xO4 and LiFePO4.

Li2MnO3-stabilized LiMO2 (M = Mn, Ni, Co) electrodes for lithium-ion batteries

Nanostructured materials lie at the heart of fundamental advances in efficient energy storage and/or conversion, in which surface processes and transport kinetics play determining roles. This Review describes some recent developments in the synthesis and characterization of nanostructured cathode materials, including lithium transition metal oxides, vanadium oxides, manganese oxides, lithium phosphates, and various nanostructured composites. The major goal of this Review is to highlight some new progress in using these nanostructured materials as cathodes to develop lithium batteries with high energy density, high rate capability, and excellent cycling stability resulting from their huge surface area, short distance for mass and charge transport, and freedom for volume change in nanostructured materials.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/adma.200702242

Developments in Nanostructured Cathode Materials for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Application targets of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are moving from small-sized mobile devices of information technology to large-scale electric vehicles (xEVs) and energy storage systems (ESSs). Environmental issues and abruptly increasing power demands are pushing high performance energy storage devices or systems onto markets. LIBs are one of the most potential candidates as the energy storage devices mainly due to their high energy densities with fairly good rate capabilities and a fairly long cycle life. As battery systems become larger in terms of stored energy as well as physical size, the safety concerns should be more seriously cared. Each application target has its own specification so that electrode materials should be chosen to meet requirements of the corresponding application. This report diagnoses the current market trends of LIBs as a primary topic, followed by giving an overview of anode and cathode material candidates of LIBs for xEVs and ESSs based on their electrochemical properties.

The Current Move of Lithium Ion Batteries Towards the Next Phase

Cathode materials modified by surface coating for lithium ion batteries

Nanostructured materials play an important role in advancing the electrochemical energy storage and conversion technologies such as lithium ion batteries and fuel cells, offering great promise to address the rapidly growing environmental concerns and the increasing global demand for energy. In this review, we summarize some of the recent progress and advances in our laboratory on nanostructured electrode materials for lithium ion batteries and platinum-based and platinum-free nanoalloy electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). Materials design, novel chemical synthesis and processing, advanced materials characterization, and electrochemical evaluation data are presented.

Nanostructured electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage and conversion

ZrO2- and Li2ZrO3-stabilized spinel and layered electrodes for lithium batteries

Laves intermetallics (AB2 compounds) play an important role in the disposal of metallic waste resulting from the electrometallurgical treatment of spent nuclear fuel. These ZrFe2-type intermetallics incorporate and immobilize highly radioactive and long-lived constituents that are present in waste forms based on the stainless steel–zirconium (SS–Zr) alloys. This paper reviews the metallurgy of SS–Zr alloys with emphasis on Laves intermetallic behavior. Microscopy and diffraction studies have shown that all actinide elements and most fission product elements are present only in the ZrFe2-type intermetallics of a stainless steel–15 wt.% zirconium (SS–15Zr) waste form, whereas only molybdenum is incorporated in the ZrFe2-type intermetallics of a zirconium–8 wt.% stainless steel (Zr–8SS) alloy. Because of the importance of material durability to waste disposal, recent experiments have been aimed at determining the corrosion behavior of these intermetallics. Results from transmission electron microscopy of corrosion layers observed on the ZrFe2-type compounds are presented.

N Dietz

Papers

ZrO2- and Li2ZrO3-stabilized spinel and layered electrodes for lithium batteries

Role of laves intermetallics in nuclear waste disposal