Journal ArticleDOI
Role of laves intermetallics in nuclear waste disposal
Daniel P. Abraham,N Dietz +1 more
TLDR
In this article, the authors reviewed the metallurgy of stainless steel-zirconium (SS-Zr) alloys with emphasis on Laves intermetallic behavior.Abstract:
Laves intermetallics (AB2 compounds) play an important role in the disposal of metallic waste resulting from the electrometallurgical treatment of spent nuclear fuel. These ZrFe2-type intermetallics incorporate and immobilize highly radioactive and long-lived constituents that are present in waste forms based on the stainless steel–zirconium (SS–Zr) alloys. This paper reviews the metallurgy of SS–Zr alloys with emphasis on Laves intermetallic behavior. Microscopy and diffraction studies have shown that all actinide elements and most fission product elements are present only in the ZrFe2-type intermetallics of a stainless steel–15 wt.% zirconium (SS–15Zr) waste form, whereas only molybdenum is incorporated in the ZrFe2-type intermetallics of a zirconium–8 wt.% stainless steel (Zr–8SS) alloy. Because of the importance of material durability to waste disposal, recent experiments have been aimed at determining the corrosion behavior of these intermetallics. Results from transmission electron microscopy of corrosion layers observed on the ZrFe2-type compounds are presented.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Experimental Determination of Intermetallic Phases, Phase Equilibria, and Invariant Reaction Temperatures in the Fe–Zr System
TL;DR: The phase diagram of the binary Fe-Zr system was redetermined by differential thermal analysis (DTA), electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and metallography in the whole range of compositions as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Laves phases: a review of their functional and structural applications and an improved fundamental understanding of stability and properties
Frank Stein,Andreas Leineweber +1 more
TL;DR: There is a broad range of successful utilization of Laves phases in functional applications including hydrogen storage material (Hydraloy), as magneto-mechanical sensors and actuators (Terfenol), or for wear and corrosion-resistant coatings in corrosive atmospheres and at high temperatures (Tribaloy).
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidation behaviour of zirconium alloys and their precipitates – A mechanistic study
TL;DR: In this paper, the precipitate oxidation behavior of binary zirconium alloys containing 1.5% Fe, Ni, Cr or 0.6% Nb was investigated and the thermodynamics with the new approach presented could explain most precisely their behavior, considering precipitate stoichiometry and the free energy of oxidation of the constituting elements.
Journal ArticleDOI
A first principles study of cohesive, elastic and electronic properties of binary Fe–Zr intermetallics
TL;DR: In this article, a density functional theory (DFT) based first-principles investigation has been performed to study the cohesive, elastic and electronic properties of Fe-Zr binary intermetallics across the composition range.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tribological behaviour of nano-zirconia reinforced iron-based self-lubricating composites for bearing applications
Bisma Parveez,M.F. Wani +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, nano zirconia (ZrO2) as ceramic reinforcement was added to strengthen Fe-Cu-Sn based composites and MoS2 is added to control their tribological properties.
References
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Book
Alloy phase diagrams
TL;DR: In this article, an introductory source aimed at practicing engineers and material scientists, the text explains how to use phase diagrams, and more than 1,000 binary and 300 ternary diagrams included cover most commercial alloy systems; compositions are presented in weight percent.
Book
Radioactive Waste Forms for the Future
Werner Lutze,Rodney C. Ewing +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a compilation of important information on the full range of radioactive waste forms that have been developed, or at least suggested, for the incorporation of high-level nuclear waste.
Journal ArticleDOI
Metallic Fast Reactor Fuels
TL;DR: In this paper, the basic phenomena governing the performance of this type of fuel are well known, and have been sufficiently well modeled to specify design parameters that will assure reliable performance, such as fuel swelling, mechanical and chemical interactions with various cladding materials, performance during transients, failure mechanisms, and behavior following both benign and complete failure of fuel pins.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nature of passive films on iron-chromium alloys
C.L. McBee,J. Kruger +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the diffraction results for the Fe-Cr foils and previous diffraction studies for Fe foils were compared and it was concluded that the films tend to become amorphous as the Cr content of the alloy is increased.
Journal ArticleDOI
A geometric analysis of solubility ranges in Laves phases
Dan J. Thoma,John H. Perepezko +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the solubility trends in the reported binary C14, C15 and C36 structures in terms of the atom size requirements that are known to stabilize the Laves phases.