Technologies for the production of multilayered spherical bottoms and cylindrical shells of quasi-layered material and compaction of the multilayered wall of military equipment elements are developed. The need for these studies is associated with increasing survivability and eliminating fragmentation effects of multilayered structures on manpower and equipment that use pressure vessels (submarines, flamethrower vessels, elements of armored vehicles).Operating conditions for the most efficient use of structures made of layered structural materials are presented. Their advantages in operation and production are described. The highest efficiency is achieved with firm adhesion of structural layers or with the use of quasi-layered materials. The solution to this problem is possible using the energy of high explosives. It is experimentally found that explosive loading leads to an increase in toughness and ballistic resistance of treated materials. Analysis of various methods of multilayered wall compaction is carried out and the most effective technologies are proposed.As a result of the research, process parameters, requirements for process equipment are established.The importance of the presented studies is associated with increasing the fighting efficiency, survivability of military equipment and personnel

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A search for technologies implementing a high fighting efficiency of the multilayered elements of military equipment

IT is now quite usual to think of alloys as being solid solutions and to recognise that the atoms of solid metals are in active movement. That this must be the case, is revealed by the passage of metals to allotropic modifications in which the physical properties differ widely from those of the same metals in their normal state. It is well, therefore, that we should remember how much was done for us thirty years ago by Matthiessen in framing such views, and by Graham in showing that solid metals are true solvents for gases which move and diffuse freely in them, sometimes to reappear with gaseous elasticity.

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The Diffusion of Metals

The durability and operational reliability of electrical machines, electronic and electrical engineering products in almost all cases can be achieved by imparting special properties to the materials used. In addition, it is extremely important to choose the most rational, economical method of treating materials that provide a high operational reliability and quality of the produced parts. Among a large variety of physico-chemical nature of the impact on the material of a workpiece, the stamping methods have received very a intensive development in the field of influence on the structure and operational properties of the latter. The performance characteristics of the parts of electrical machines and electronic products from a thin-sheet material largely depend on the accuracy of punching and the size of the burr. In addition to the traditional technologies for cutting and punching in hard dies, and with the help of the elastic or liquid media the explosive forming is also used.The advantages of the explosion forming when performing the dividing operations are due to the absence of a gap between the deforming medium and the die. The use of the pulsed metalworking methods in the cutting operations of the sheet metal forming eliminates the nonflatness of parts during the cutting, the formation of burrs and sinkers, forms in terms of the use of the overlaid explosives, a fine and ultrafine-grained material structure. This increases the electrical resistance of steel, reduces the parasitic eddy current losses and the efficiency of the electrical heating elements

Improving The Operational Reliability Of Stamped Parts Of Electrical Engineering Machines And Electrical Products

In the present scientific work a thickness calculation procedure of an aluminum gas-thermal coating, sprayed on the low-alloyed steel surfaces, in order to provide its effective protection at high temperatures, has been developed. The method is based on the calculations of the diffusion layer thickness with consideration the temperature change on the blank`s surface and on the dependence of the parameter (directly proportional to the diffusion coefficient) on the temperature over the range 700 to 1200 °C.

Application of Gas-Thermal Coatings on Low-Alloyed Steel Surfaces

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The principles of the milling equipment improvement

Studies on enhancing the service life of continuous casting moulds at their narrow walls of copper M1 before the last repair by means of a heat spraying wear-resistant layer of the chrome-nickel coating have been carried out. Preliminary, the coating`s structure, phase composition, skin hardness and microhardness of chromium-nickel coating were studied. It is established that to obtain the required cleanliness level of the wall surface by making use of their mechanical operation, it is necessary to conduct thickness of the chromium-nickel coating operations. 0.5 – 0.6 mm chrome-nickel thermal coating was applied to the surface of the wall of a thick-walled narrow pair crystallizer. The results indicate the high-quality coating acceptable for application to the working surface of narrow walls of thick-walled moulds.

Applying Thermal Coatings to Narrow Walls of the Continuous-Casting Molds

The task of paramount importance for any state is the preservation of its sovereignty and territorial integrity, the sustainable development of territories. Globalization, which has affected all spheres of social life, has exacerbated the problem of the loss of a person's identity to the local. In conditions when the state, under pressure from the external environment, needs to maintain sovereignty and create conditions for development, universalists, for whom sovereignty is not a value, carry a protest potential, which under certain conditions manifests itself in conflict forms of interaction with the authorities.
The purpose of the study is to identify the environmental capabilities of the territory in strengthening the connection of the individual with the place of residence, to identify the resources of collective integration at the level of local communities with the prospect of reaching wider social institutions.
It is determined that the objective condition that ensures the stability of society in the context of the transformation of the social structure is the presence of consolidation — the social cohesion of its citizens, their identity with the place of residence.
The conceptual basis of the study is a socio-territorial approach that contributes to an objective analysis of the processes occurring in local communities under the influence of globalization processes. Within the framework of the approach, interrelations and interdependencies between economic, moral, ethical, institutional processes observed on the territory of local communities in the context of globalization are established.
The properties of global processes that level out local specifics are named. Theoretically substantiated social practices of forming a person's commitment to the place of residence, in particular, one of the solutions is the accumulative effect of horizontal connections, the network principle of interaction between residents of the local community.
The study of local communities in the context of globalization expands the possibilities of modeling the possibilities of the local as a field of resistance to the global.

Formation of the identity of the local community in the context of globalization

A proven effective preventive measure against cervical cancer is a full-fledged HPV vaccination course conducted before the start of the patient’s sexual life. Its cost is essential for the realization of the possibility of using the vaccine on a voluntary basis. However, the most important argument for making a decision about vaccination is the awareness of patients about its expediency, effectiveness and safety. P u r p o s e : to identify the level of awareness of the population about the primary prevention of cervical cancer by vaccination against HPV. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . According to a specially developed questionnaire, an anonymous survey of adolescents and their parents (legal representatives) on the organization of HPV vaccination was conducted. The quota sample for the survey included 723 respondents who applied to women’s consultations and children’s polyclinics in St. Petersburg (a total of 19 medical organizations). R e s u l t s . In fact, only 59,7% of respondents are informed about diseases caused by HPV, and another 5,1% of those who took part in the survey are mistaken about this. Only one in three (36,4%) respondents know about the safety of currently used vaccines, and the majority of respondents – 50,8% noted that they do not know anything about this issue. Among the respondents, 87,8% indicated that given the high importance of vaccination to prevent the development of oncological diseases of the female genital area, HPV vaccinations should be carried out free of charge to citizens within the framework of the National Vaccination Calendar and the calendar of preventive vaccinations for epidemic indications. F i n d i n g s . A sociological study showed an unsatisfactory level of knowledge of the population on the issues of primary prevention of malignant neoplasms of the female genital organs.

N.N. Belkina

Papers

Applying Thermal Coatings to Narrow Walls of the Continuous-Casting Molds

Formation of the identity of the local community in the context of globalization

Awareness of the population about primary prevention of cervical cancer