PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new method for producing a carboxylic acid by the carbonylation of an alcohol and/or its reactive derivative while keeping high productivity of the carboxylic acid and reducing the production of by-product or stabilizing a rhodium catalyst. SOLUTION: A carboxylic acid is produced by reacting an alcohol and/or its reactive derivative with carbon monoxide in the presence of a rhodium catalyst, lithium iodide, an alkyl halide and a definite amount of water (especially under low-water content). The reaction is carried out in the presence of at least one element selected from Zn, Sn, Ge and Pb or a compound containing the element. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Method for producing carboxylic acid

An electrolytic cell for the labeling of proteins, peptides and other organic molecules employs a cathodic half cell and an anodic half cell, where a porous working electrode is located in one half cell and a counter electrode is located in the other of the half cell, the two half cells being divided by a separator. A reference electrode located in the half cell containing the working electrode, and placed outside the current path between the working electrode and the counter electrode confers precise control of the working electrode potential, which allows the maximum rate of labeling to be achieved while minimizing oxidative damage to the protein, peptide or organic molecules. Saturation of the working electrode with non-radioactive label coupled with a ratio of working electrode surface area to volume of half cell containing the working electrode between 0.001 to 10 cm⁻¹ minimizes the problem of loss of activity of radiolabel due to adsorption on the working electrode.

Electrolytic cell and process for the labeling of proteins and peptides

PURPOSE:To prevent the infiltration of water into a car room from an air intake opening by forming a closed cross section along the car width direction with the bottom section of an air box and the upper end section of a dash lower so that the vehicle body strength is increased and water flows in it. CONSTITUTION:The vertical piece 21e of a dash upper 21 is connected to the general face of a dash lower 26, and the rear end section 26b of the upper end section 26a of the dash lower 26 is connected to the general face of the bottom section 21a of the dash upper 21. A closed cross section 27 over the whole car width direction is formed, and the strength of a vehicle body is improved. Multiple communicating holes 28 communicating an air box K and the closed cross section 27 are bored on the bottom section 21a of the dash upper 21. The inside of the closed cross section 27 is made a drain path, even if water jumps up in it, the water is shielded by the bottom section 21a of the dash upper 21 and does not infiltrate into a car room from an air intake opening 21b.

Vehicle body structure

An object of the present invention is to use carbon monoxide obtained by treating biomass, convert it into formic acid or formate, and use a specific phenomenon of microorganisms to generate hydrogen from formic acid or formate. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and system for supplying hydrogen to a fuel cell and making effective use of electric power and heat from the fuel cell. A formic acid or formate supply means, A reactor for reacting formic acid or formate supplied from the supply means with a microorganism capable of producing hydrogen, A fuel cell that outputs power and heat using hydrogen obtained from the reactor, An energy recovery system comprising: [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Energy recovery system

The invention discloses a preparation method for a denitrified microbial agent, and belongs to the technical field of biological and water treatment. The method particularly comprises the following steps: an aerobic denitrified microbial preparation is activated to be inoculated into a film area formed by a double-layered filling material, the double-layered filling material allows a nutrient solution and metabolite generated by microbes to pass, but the microbes cannot pass the filling material, the nutrient solution flows from one side of the filling material into the film area at a certain pressure with a certain speed to support the growth of the microbes, and metabolite generated by the microbes is discharged from the other side of the filling material, so that high-concentration cultivation of the microbes can be realized; bacterial liquid obtained through cultivation is subjected to centrifugal separation to be prepared into a high-concentration bacterial suspension, a protecting agent is added to be uniformly sprayed on to a sterilized carrier in a dried manner, and sealing and storage are conducted. After the prepared denitrified microbial agent is stored for long time, the ammonia nitrogen degradation property and the bacterial proliferation and activization property are better, and the bacteria have better growth potential, and are relatively high in ammonia nitrogen removal rate.

Preparation method for denitrified microbial agent

PURPOSE:To obtain a cultivation apparatus for a gaseous substrate, containing a membrane filter having attached and immobilized microorganisms in the interior of a container having a hermetically sealable planar bottom, supply and discharge ports for a gas as well as supply port for a liquid and capable of accurately controlling cultivation. CONSTITUTION:A cultivation apparatus obtained by providing a flange 32 joining to a cover (B) at the top end part of a bottomed cylindrical body 31 having a horizontal bottom to form the body (A) of the apparatus, providing a discharge port 33 for a liquid at the end of the cylindrical body 31, supply port 37 for a gas, gas supply port 36 and gas discharged port 38 at the cover (B) and containing a membrane filter having attached and immobilized microorganisms in the bottom of the body (A).

Cultivation apparatus for gaseous substrate

PURPOSE:To produce acetic acid from inexpensive materials by using Clostridium thermoaceticum. CONSTITUTION:Clostridium thermoaceticum is cultured in a compound substrate composed mainly of glucose, methanol and carbon dioxide gas source in absolute anaerobic state, separating a liquid component from the cultured liquid by solid-liquid separation and producing acetic acid from the separated liquid.

Production of acetic acid

PURPOSE:To produce formic acid easily and economically by biochemical means, by reacting carbon monoxide with water in the presence of a cultured liquid, cultured cells or treated cells of microorganism belonging to Methanosarcina genus CONSTITUTION:A microbial strain belonging to Methanosarcina genus and capable of producing methane, eg Methanosarcina barkeri, etc, is cultured under anaerobic condition, and the cultured liquid, microbial cells separated from the cultured liquid, or treated microbial cells are collected The obtained cells or treated cells, etc, may be used in immobilized state Carbon monoxide is made to react with water under anaerobic condition in the presence of the microbial cells in a reaction liquid added with an electron acceptor such as methyl viologen to obtain formic acid The produced formic acid is separated and purified by conventional extraction process

Production of formic acid

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To mass-produce vitamin B12 which is an antimalignant anemic factor by carrying out the mixed culture of a specific bacterium having the potency of assimilating methanol and accumulating the vitamin B12 and a specified bacterium having the potency of assimilating acetic acid and producing CO2 in a methanol-containing culture medium and collecting the produced substance. SOLUTION: A bacterium, having the capacity for assimilating methanol and accumulating vitamin B12 in the microbial cell and belonging to the genus Acetobacterium [e.g. Acetobacterium woodii BME-69 (FERM P-15298)] and a bacterium, having the capacity for assimilating acetic acid and producing gaseous carbon dioxide and belonging to the genus Methanothrix are inoculated into a culture medium containing methanol as a main carbon source to anaerobically carry out the mixed culture of the bacterium belonging to the genus Acetobacterium and the bacterium belonging to the genus Methanothrix in the culture medium. The vitamin B12 accumulated in the microbial cell of the bacterium, belonging to the genus Acetobacterium and cultured by the mixed culture is then recovered to mass-produce the objective vitamin B12 .

Production of vitamin b12

PURPOSE:To industrially and advantageously obtain the subject compound useful as a precursor of vitamin B12 synthesis, by culturing a microorganism belonging to the genus Methanosarcina. CONSTITUTION:A microorganism, belonging to genus Methanosarcina and having the ability to produce cobalt-free corrinoid (e.g., Methanosarcina barkeri DSM804) is cultured, preferably at 30-37 deg.C and pH 6.3-6.8 for 3-8 days to collect the aimed compound.

Nagai Shiro

Papers

Cultivation apparatus for gaseous substrate

Production of acetic acid

Production of formic acid

Production of vitamin b12

Production of cobalt-free corrinoid