https://www.science.smith.edu/~jcardell/Courses/EGR328/Readings/WSNSurvey2.pdf

Wireless sensor network survey

Wireless sensor networks for healthcare: A survey

Advances in wireless communication technologies, such as wearable and implantable biosensors, along with recent developments in the embedded computing area are enabling the design, development, and implementation of body area networks. This class of networks is paving the way for the deployment of innovative healthcare monitoring applications. In the past few years, much of the research in the area of body area networks has focused on issues related to wireless sensor designs, sensor miniaturization, low-power sensor circuitry, signal processing, and communications protocols. In this paper, we present an overview of body area networks, and a discussion of BAN communications types and their related issues. We provide a detailed investigation of sensor devices, physical layer, data link layer, and radio technology aspects of BAN research. We also present a taxonomy of BAN projects that have been introduced/proposed to date. Finally, we highlight some of the design challenges and open issues that still need to be addressed to make BANs truly ubiquitous for a wide range of applications.

Body Area Networks: A Survey

In this paper, we present the design, implementation, and evaluation of a system that executes complex event queries over real-time streams of RFID readings encoded as events. These complex event queries filter and correlate events to match specific patterns, and transform the relevant events into new composite events for the use of external monitoring applications. Stream-based execution of these queries enables time-critical actions to be taken in environments such as supply chain management, surveillance and facility management, healthcare, etc. We first propose a complex event language that significantly extends existing event languages to meet the needs of a range of RFID-enabled monitoring applications. We then describe a query plan-based approach to efficiently implementing this language. Our approach uses native operators to efficiently handle query-defined sequences, which are a key component of complex event processing, and pipeline such sequences to subsequent operators that are built by leveraging relational techniques. We also develop a large suite of optimization techniques to address challenges such as large sliding windows and intermediate result sizes. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through a detailed performance analysis of our prototype implementation under a range of data and query workloads as well as through a comparison to a state-of-the-art stream processor.

/pdf/high-performance-complex-event-processing-over-streams-24vc8wfi8x.pdf

High-performance complex event processing over streams

Wireless sensor network (WSN) technologies are considered one of the key research areas in computer science and the healthcare application industries for improving the quality of life. The purpose of this paper is to provide a snapshot of current developments and future direction of research on wearable and implantable body area network systems for continuous monitoring of patients. This paper explains the important role of body sensor networks in medicine to minimize the need for caregivers and help the chronically ill and elderly people live an independent life, besides providing people with quality care. The paper provides several examples of state of the art technology together with the design considerations like unobtrusiveness, scalability, energy efficiency, security and also provides a comprehensive analysis of the various benefits and drawbacks of these systems. Although offering significant benefits, the field of wearable and implantable body sensor networks still faces major challenges and open research problems which are investigated and covered, along with some proposed solutions, in this paper.

Wearable and Implantable Wireless Sensor Network Solutions for Healthcare Monitoring

Sophisticated electronics are within reach of average users. Cooperation between wireless sensor networks and existing consumer electronic infrastructures can assist in the areas of health care and patient monitoring. This will improve the quality of life of patients, provide early detection for certain ailments, and improve doctor-patient efficiency. The goal of our work is to focus on health-related applications of wireless sensor networks. In this paper we detail our experiences building several prototypes and discuss the driving force behind home health monitoring and how current (and future) technologies will enable automated home health monitoring.

/pdf/wireless-sensor-networks-for-home-health-care-3mqxfqi9bu.pdf

Wireless Sensor Networks for Home Health Care

The emergence of large-scale receptor-based systems has enabled applications to execute complex business logic over data generated from monitoring the physical world. An important functionality required by these applications is the detection and response to complex events, often in real-time. Bridging the gap between low-level receptor technology and such high-level needs of applications remains a significant challenge.We demonstrate our solution to this problem in the context of HiFi, a system we are building to solve the data management problems of large-scale receptor-based systems. Specifically, we show how HiFi generates simple events out of receptor data at its edges and provides high-functionality complex event processing mechanisms for sophisticated event detection using a real-world library scenario.

Events on the edge

We consider the use of wireless sensor networks to automatically track "perceptive pallets" of materials in warehouses for the purpose of monitoring volumetric and spatial constraints. A combination of radio frequency and ultrasound chirping produces position estimates that are noisy and prone to error. To address this, we measure and characterize the ultrasound response from standard "Cricket" wireless sensor motes and beacons. We develop a non-parametric particle filtering approach to estimate trajectories of moving motes and introduce two asymmetric observation models that incorporate measured cardioid-shaped response patterns of ultrasound. We use simulation to study the effects of mote placement: position error as a function of ceiling height and beacon density, and then perform physical experiments to evaluate the effectiveness of asymmetric vs. symmetric observation models for pallet tracking. Experiments suggest that asymmetric observation models can improve position estimates by as much as 11%.

/pdf/automated-tracking-of-pallets-in-warehouses-beacon-layout-46sd749se3.pdf

Automated Tracking of Pallets in Warehouses: Beacon Layout and Asymmetric Ultrasound Observation Models

Systems and methods may be provided for determining, assigning and directing containers for transshipment between facilities without using an item-level sortation process and moving containers from a receiving area of a facility to an outbound dock without placing the items into inventory. A facility may or may not have item-level sortation processing. Data indicating received items is received. A determination is made for which of the received containers are for transshipment from the materials handling facility based on multiple factors. Containers in receiving that are determined for transshipment may be directed from receive to outbound docks without placing the items into inventory and without using an item-level sortation process. Pallets may be transshipped without placing the items into inventory and without depalletization. A facility with sortation may switch from item-level sortation of transshipments to container-level crossdock transshipment when a sortation process of a processing line approaches or exceeds capacity.

Crossdocking transshipments without sortation

An input port for a computer system may retain potentially authenticable requests for processing while removing other connection requests from an incoming queue or request pool. The input port may continue to receive new requests even during a denial of service attack, allowing potentially legitimate requests to be processed. In a typical embodiment, a first in, first out buffer may be used to receive and process connection requests. When the buffer is full, any request that comes from a device having a previous connection with the computer system may be retained for authentication, while removing requests that come from unknown devices. Some embodiments may retain a list of known devices associated with administrators or other known users, and the list may be updated as those users are authenticated.

Nathan Burkhart

Papers

Wireless Sensor Networks for Home Health Care

Events on the edge

Automated Tracking of Pallets in Warehouses: Beacon Layout and Asymmetric Ultrasound Observation Models

Crossdocking transshipments without sortation

Denial of service attack resistant input port