http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/5610941/5624686/05624745.pdf

Power electronics

This book, written by two major figures in adaptive control, provides a wealth of material for researchers, practitioners, and students. While some researchers in adaptive control may note the absence of a particular topic, the book‘s scope represents a high-gain instrument. It can be used by designers of control systems to enhance their work through the information on many new theoretical developments, and can be used by mathematical control theory specialists to adapt their research to practical needs. The book is strongly recommended to anyone interested in adaptive control.

Adaptive Control

Multiphase variable-speed drives and generation systems (systems with more than three phases) have become one of the mainstream research areas during the last decade. The main driving forces are the specific applications, predominantly related to the green agenda, such as electric and hybrid electric vehicles (EVs), locomotive traction, ship propulsion, “more-electric” aircraft, remote offshore wind farms for electric energy generation, and general high-power industrial applications. As a result, produced body of significant work is substantial, making it impossible to review all the major developments in a single paper. This paper therefore surveys the recent progress in two specific areas associated with multiphase systems, namely power electronic supply control and innovative ways of using the additional degrees of freedom in multiphase machines for various nontraditional purposes.

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Advances in Converter Control and Innovative Exploitation of Additional Degrees of Freedom for Multiphase Machines

Multilevel inverter supplied multiphase variable-speed drive systems have in recent times started attracting more attention, due to various advantages that they offer when compared to the standard three-phase two-level drives. For proper functioning of such systems good pulsewidth modulation (PWM) strategy is of crucial importance. Control complexity of multiphase multilevel inverters increases rapidly with an increase in the number of phases and the number of levels. This paper deals with a three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter supplied five-phase induction motor drive and analyses five PWM strategies: three are carrier-based (CBPWM) and two are space vector based (SVPWM). The aim is to provide a detailed comparison and thus conclude on pros and cons of each solution, providing a guideline for the selection of the most appropriate PWM technique. Experimental results are provided for all analysed PWM methods. The comparison of the PWM techniques is given in terms of the voltage and current waveforms and spectra, as well as the total harmonic distortion (THD) in a whole linear modulation index range, which is used as the global figure of merit. Properties of the common mode voltage (CMV) are also investigated. Complexity of the algorithms, in terms of the computational time requirements and memory consumption, is addressed as well. It is shown that the performance of the PWM techniques is very similar and that one CBPWM and one SVPWM technique are characterised with identical performance. However, using the algorithm complexity as the main criterion, space vector techniques are more involved.

A Comparison of Carrier-Based and Space Vector PWM Techniques for Three-Level Five-Phase Voltage Source Inverters

This paper describes a combination of direct torque control (DTC) and space vector modulation (SVM) for an adjustable speed sensorless induction motor (IM) drive. The motor drive is supplied by a two-level SVPWM inverter. The inverter reference voltage is obtained based on input-output feedback linearization control, using the IM model in the stator D-Q axes reference frame with stator current and flux vectors components as state variables. Moreover, a robust full-order adaptive stator flux observer is designed for a speed sensorless DTC-SVM system and a new speed-adaptive law is given. By designing the observer gain matrix based on state feedback H∞ control theory, the stability and robustness of the observer systems is ensured. Finally, the effectiveness and validity of the proposed control approach is verified by simulation results.

Novel Direct Torque Control Based on Space Vector Modulation With Adaptive Stator Flux Observer for Induction Motors

The positive output elementary super lift Luo (POESLL) converter is a dc–dc converter with a simple structure, which can increase input voltage with low ripples and high voltage gain. This study proposes an adaptive estimator-based sliding mode control scheme for the POSELL converter considering a reduced-order model of the converter with an unknown load and unknown input voltage. The proposed controller is composed of two parts: 1) an adaptive estimator, and 2) the sliding mode controller. At first, it is assumed that the state variables of the converter are available and adaptive estimator is proposed to facilitate the design of adaptive laws for estimating unknown parameters. Then, the sliding mode control input is designed based on the estimation of unknown parameters. Stability analysis of the proposed scheme is provided and σ-modification type robust adaptive laws for estimating the uncertain parameters are derived based on the Lyapunov direct method. Furthermore, one modification term is proposed to satisfy the sliding condition. Finally, the proposed scheme is experimentally implemented in real time using STM32F407VG discrete signal processor board interfaced with MATLAB. In addition, in order to compare and highlight the effective performance of the proposed scheme, the proportional-integral (PI) controller is designed and implemented. Experimental results are presented for both of the proposed approach and the PI one. The results verify the ability of the proposed scheme for voltage regulation as well as its robustness against parameter uncertainties. Additionally, comparison results demonstrate that the proposed controller has superior performance than the PI controller.

An Adaptive Estimator-Based Sliding Mode Control Scheme for Uncertain POESLL Converter

In this paper an effective direct torque control (DTC) and stator flux control is developed for a quasi six-phase induction motor (QIM) drive with sinusoidally distributed windings Combining sliding-mode (SM) control and adaptive input-output feedback linearization, a nonlinear controller is designed in the stationary reference frame, which is capable of tracking control of the stator flux and torque independently The motor controllers are designed in order to track a desired second order linear reference model in spite of motor resistances mismatching The effectiveness and capability of the proposed method is shown by practical results obtained for a QIM supplied from a voltage source inverter (VSI)

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Model Following Sliding-Mode Control of a Six-Phase Induction Motor Drive

An induction motor IM with two sets of three-phase windings in stator is called a six-phase IM SPIM SPIM has lower torque pulsation compared to a three-phase IM and using SPIM, the power rating of inverter legs can be reduced This paper offers a high performance intelligent controller for speed automatic control of a SPIM A brain emotional learning based intelligent controller BELBIC is proposed as the speed controller This emotional controller has simple structure with high auto learning feature and it is independent of parameters variations A direct vector control in rotor flux frame based on space vector pulse width modulation SVPWM is used to decouple flux and torque control of the SPIM like a conventional three-phase machine In this work, the d-axis current and speed reference signals are accurately tracked An overview of the BELBIC is provided A comparison with the conventional PI controller and Sliding Mode Control SLMC points out the superiority of the proposed BELBIC in speed response and torque ripple Experimental results indicate that the BELBIC achieves a good speed regulation with a less control effort and torque ripple

Automatic speed control of an asymmetrical six-phase induction motor using emotional controller BELBIC

Nowadays, the five-phase permanent magnet motors have attracted the attention of many researchers. In this paper, discusses a direct torque control (DTC) of five-phase permanent magnet motor based on adaptive input-output feedback linearization. The reference values of the controller are obtained on the basis of the maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) strategy. Direct and quadrature axis inductances (Ld, Lq) of the machine are online estimated by the use of Lyapunov stability theorem. A two-level SVPWM inverter is desired to feed the motor. The switching pattern of this inverter is designed to eliminate the zero sequence current. The capability of the proposed method is verified by computer simulation results.

Direct torque control of speed sensorless five-phase IPMSM based on adaptive input-output feedback linearization

In this paper, based on input-output feedback control (IOFC), and recursive least square (RLS) method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed for rotor surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) drive. The RLS estimator online detects the motor electromechanical parameters including the motor iron loss resistance. Moreover, a sliding-mode (SM) observer is developed for online detecting the rotor speed and rotor position. In this control scheme, the torque reference signal is obtained by a conventional speed PI controller. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed control approach is tested by simulation. Computer simulation results obtained, show that the errors in the estimated quantities asymptotically converge to zero. The results also show that the drive system is stable and robust against the parameter uncertainties and external load disturbance.

Navid Reza Abjadi

Papers

An Adaptive Estimator-Based Sliding Mode Control Scheme for Uncertain POESLL Converter

Model Following Sliding-Mode Control of a Six-Phase Induction Motor Drive

Automatic speed control of an asymmetrical six-phase induction motor using emotional controller BELBIC

Direct torque control of speed sensorless five-phase IPMSM based on adaptive input-output feedback linearization

A nonlinear adaptive controller for speed sensorless PMSM taking the iron loss resistance into account