Ceramic and polymeric solid electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries

Book reviewPhysics of non-crystalline solids: edited by J. A. Prins. 667 pages, diagrams, illus. 6 × 9 in. New York, John Wiley & Sons, Interscience, 1965. Price, $27.50

Optical properties of pure polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and PVA based nanocomposite films have been investigated. The nano-composite samples were prepared by the well known solution cast method. The experimental results shows that the absorption and absorption coefficient parameters are greatly affected by variation of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles concentration. The absorption versus wavelength for the doped samples is exponential while the absorbance of pure PVA is sharply varied with wavelength. An obvious surface plasmonic resonance peaks for the nano-composite samples were appeared. The absorption edge was greatly shifted to lower energy for the PVA doped samples. It was observed that optical band gap of pure PVA is significantly reduced upon the addition of CuO nanoparticles. The increase of refractive index with increasing CuO concentration is an evidence for the formation of new energy states and thus decreasing the energy band gap of PVA. The increase of optical dielectric constant was observed upon the addition of CuO nanoparticles. The optical dielectric loss peaks are shifted to higher wavelength with increasing the CuO concentration. The optical conductivity is increased upon the addition of CuO nanoparticles. The dispersion region in the refractive index spectra are well obeyed the single oscillator of the Wemple–Didomenico model for all the samples.

Reducing the optical band gap of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based nanocomposite

Compared with fuel cells and electrochemical capacitors, dielectric capacitors are regarded as promising devices to store electrical energy for pulsed power systems due to their fast charge/discharge rates and ultrahigh power density. Dielectric materials are core components of dielectric capacitors and directly determine their performance. Over the past decade, extensive efforts have been devoted to develop high-performance dielectric materials for electrical energy storage applications and great progress has been achieved. Here, we present an overview on the current state-of-the-art lead-free bulk ceramics for electrical energy storage applications, including SrTiO3, CaTiO3, BaTiO3, (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3, (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3, BiFeO3, AgNbO3 and NaNbO3-based ceramics. This review starts with a brief introduction of the research background, the development history and the basic fundamentals of dielectric materials for energy storage applications as well as the universal strategies to optimize their energy storage performance. Emphases are placed on the design strategies for each type of dielectric ceramic based on their special physical properties with a summary of their respective advantages and disadvantages. Challenges along with future prospects are presented at the end of this review. This review will not only accelerate the exploration of higher performance lead-free dielectric materials, but also provides a deeper understanding of the relationship among chemical composition, physical properties and energy storage performance.

High-performance lead-free bulk ceramics for electrical energy storage applications: design strategies and challenges

This research was supported by Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) Primary Research Program through the Korea Research Council for Industrial Science & Technology (No. 13-12-N0101-23) and the Basic Science Research Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (2014R1A2A2A01002154), funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1149/2.0731504jes/pdf

All Solid-State Lithium Batteries Assembled with Hybrid Solid Electrolytes

Influence of Bi2O3 on thermal, structural and dielectric properties of lithium zinc bismuth borate glasses

Ti-substituted BiLaFeO3 ceramics having compositions Bi0.8La0.2Fe1?xTixO3 (x?=?0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15) were synthesized by the conventional solid-state reaction method. Powder x-ray diffraction investigations performed at room temperature show that the crystal structure is rhombohedral for x?=?0.0, 0.05; tetragonal for x?=?0.15; and a phase boundary occurs at x?=?0.1. In the Rietveld refinement good agreement between the observed and calculated pattern was observed. Dielectric response of these samples was analysed in the frequency range 1?kHz?5?MHz at different temperatures. A decrease in the values of real (??) and imaginary (??) parts of dielectric constant with Ti substitution indicates reduced conductivity and hence enhanced resistivity in doped samples. Stability of dielectric constant and conductivity with temperature is considerably improved with Ti substitution. Magnetic measurements were carried out at room temperature up to a field of 20?kOe. Magnetic properties of Bi0.8La0.2FeO3 ceramics are considerably improved on Ti substitution along with a significant opening in the room temperature M?H hysteresis loop. Higher values of remanent magnetization (Mr) 0.1373 and 0.1487?emu?g?1; coercivity (Hc) 4.856 and 5.904?kOe are observed for samples with x?=?0.1 and 0.15, respectively. This is due to the structural phase transition from rhombohedral to tetragonal.

http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0022-3727/45/16/165001/pdf

Structural transformation and improved dielectric and magnetic properties in Ti-substituted Bi0.8La0.2FeO3 multiferroics

Bi0.8Sr0.2Fe1−xNbxO3 (x = 0.0, 0.05, and 0.10) multiferroics were prepared by solid state reaction method. X-ray diffraction and Rietveld analysis show that crystal structure is rhombohedral for x = 0.0, 0.05 samples and triclinic for x = 0.10 sample. These samples showed dispersion in dielectric constant (έ) and dielectric loss (tan δ) values at lower frequencies. For x = 0.05 sample, both έ and tan δ are lower than for Bi0.8Sr0.2FeO3 sample indicating its high resistivity. For x = 0.10 sample, the value of έ is enhanced which may be due to formation of stronger dipoles in triclinic structure. Temperature dependence of frequency exponent “s” of power law suggests that correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model is applicable at lower temperatures and quantum mechanical tunneling model is appropriate at higher temperatures for describing the conduction mechanism in x = 0.0 and x = 0.05 samples; while in x = 0.10 sample, CBH model is appropriate in studied temperature range. Significant enhancement observed in magnetization for x = 0.10 sample is due to the structural phase transition from rhombohedral to triclinic caused by Nb substitution. For this sample, values of remnant magnetization (Mr) and coercive field (Hc) are 0.155 emu/g and 2.695 kOe, respectively.

Neetu Ahlawat

Papers

Influence of Bi2O3 on thermal, structural and dielectric properties of lithium zinc bismuth borate glasses

Structural transformation and improved dielectric and magnetic properties in Ti-substituted Bi0.8La0.2FeO3 multiferroics

Phase transformation, dielectric and magnetic properties of Nb doped Bi0.8Sr0.2FeO3 multiferroics

Structural and dielectric properties of substituted barium titanate ceramics for capacitor applications

Crystal structure transformation, dielectric and magnetic properties of Ba and Co modified BiFeO3 multiferroic