Discussion of "Lateral Load Behavior of Pile Group in Sand"

Vertical performance of suction bucket foundation for offshore wind turbines in sand

Design equations of uplift capacity of circular piles in sands

A large‐scale group of steel pipe piles and an isolated single pile were subjected to two‐way cyclic lateral loading. The tests were conducted in a submerged firm to dense sand that was placed and compacted around the piles. All of the piles were extensively instrumented so that the variation in soil resistance within the group could be determined. The response of the piles in the group was also compared with the response of the isolated single pile. The loss of efficiency of the piles in the group was related principally to “shadowing” (i.e., the loss of soil resistance of piles in the trailing rows). Piles in the leading row supported a large proportion of the group load and behaved similarly to the isolated single pile. Two‐way cyclic loading had little effect on the distribution of load to the piles in the group, but tended to densify the sand around both the single pile and the group piles.

Closure of "Lateral Load Behavior of Pile Group in Sand"

Integral stability and lining stability of the twin-tube tunnel are lower than that of the single tunnel,and the mechanical performance during excavation is more complex.In this paper FLAC3D is used to analyze the integral behavior of the twin-tube tunnel, cosidering to different excavation cross-section and nonideal construction quality.Conclusions are made from the analysis of the caeculated stress,displacement and axial force of the cable.It is helpful to the design and construction of the twin-tube tunnel in China.

Integer Behavior Analysis of Twin-tube Tunnel during Excavation with Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua in 3 Dimensions

Slope effect on dynamic p–y backbone curve in dry sand

Variation in axial load distribution of piles in liquefiable slope by centrifuge test

This paper briefly presents some characteristics of ball penetration test (BPT) in soft clay. Using experimental data on soft clays from four test sites in Korea and Japan, the effects of penetrometer shapes (i.e., ball vs cone) and of ball size to the penetration resistances are highlighted. In addition, the influence of some soil characteristics to cone and ball strength factors and the effectiveness of BPT in recognizing different sublayers or different depositional units in a soil profile are also discussed.

An Experimental Evaluation of Characteristics of Ball Penetration Test in Soft Clay

The liquefaction of soil surrounding a pile significantly affects the dynamic interaction between the soil and the pile. In particular, liquefaction of the sloping ground can induce permanent deformation and a bending moment on the pile due to the lateral displacement of the liquefied soil in the downslope direction. However, numerical analysis studies on piles installed in a liquefiable slope have been very limited and have not properly simulated the behavior of the pile. Therefore, a modified soil–pile interface model was proposed, which linearly decreases the interface friction angle with the increase in the excess pore pressure ratio. The proposed model was validated by comparing it with the centrifuge test results of Yoo et al. (2023). Simulation results on the slope crest settlement and the pile-bending moment showed good agreement with the centrifuge test results. A parametric study was conducted by applying the validated model to analyze the effect of slope inclinations and the amplitude of input motions on the slope displacement and the pile moment. The simulation results showed that the slope inclinations affected the area of the sliding mass, causing a larger pile-bending moment with a larger inclination. When the amplitude of the input motion was sufficiently large to trigger the failure of the liquefied slope, the slope displacement and the pile-bending moment did not increase any further.

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Nghiem Xuan Tran

Papers

Slope effect on dynamic p–y backbone curve in dry sand

Variation in axial load distribution of piles in liquefiable slope by centrifuge test

An Experimental Evaluation of Characteristics of Ball Penetration Test in Soft Clay

Numerical Simulation of Piles in a Liquefied Slope Using a Modified Soil–Pile Interface Model