http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/5610941/5624686/05624745.pdf

Power electronics

https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/eawag/islandora/object/eawag%3A19601/datastream/PDF2/Mohammed-2019-Remote_sensing_of_solar-induced_chlorophyll-%28accepted_version%29.pdf

Remote sensing of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) in vegetation: 50 years of progress.

Clean and environment-friendly energy harvesting are of prime interest today as it is one of the key enablers in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as well as accelerates social progress and enhances living standards. India, the second-most populous nation with a population of 1.353 billion, is one of the largest consumers of fossil fuels in the world which is responsible for global warming. An ever-increasing population is projected until 2050, and consequently, the energy demand in the upcoming decades will be co-accelerated by the rapid industrial growth. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) with the support of National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog is working to achieve the Indian Government's target of attaining 175 GW through renewable energy resources. Many Indian states are currently increasing their renewable energy capacity in an objective to meet future energy demand. The review paper discusses in-depth about the three Indian states, namely Karnataka, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, which pioneers the renewable energy production in India. The global energy scenario was discussed in detail with Indian contrast. Further, the barriers to the development of renewable energy generation and policies of the Indian government are discussed in detail to promote renewable energy generation throughout India as well as globally since the challenges are similar for other nations. This study analyzed various prospects of the country in renewable energy which has been done in a purpose to help the scholars, researchers, and policymakers of the nation, as it gives an insight into the present renewable energy scenario of the country.

/pdf/a-comprehensive-review-on-renewable-energy-development-1ec239x6fp.pdf

A Comprehensive Review on Renewable Energy Development, Challenges, and Policies of Leading Indian States With an International Perspective

India is one of the fastest developing countries in the world. To sustain this growth, energy and electricity demands will increase. In 2015, of the 1337 TWh produced, 916 TWh were from fossil fuels. We prepared several models of electricity demand from 2015 to 2030, based on publicly available datasets and trends. Models were tested on data from previous years and adjusted accordingly. From several scenarios, we decided to introduce two possibilities, i.e., a scenario using high energy savings in all sectors, and a scenario counting on a high industrial growth not supported by an equal increase of electricity savings. For both cases we prepared models for extreme situations: (1) where coal- and lignite-based power plants are preferred after slow-down of a renewable energy boom, and (2) with high utilization of renewable energy supported by natural gas and nuclear energy. With GDP and population increasing at the same rate as in previous years, the unambiguous result in all scenarios is a 2 to 3-fold increase of the electricity demand by 2030. On the electricity production side, all scenarios stress the role of coal, renewables and nuclear sources. Both energy and climate policies should be prepared for such a development in advance.

Electricity Generation in India: Present State, Future Outlook and Policy Implications

A renewable energy source in solar form is the most imperative sustainable energy source as it is the endless source of energy. Photovoltaic system is a power system designed to supply usable solar power by means of photovoltaic's. It consists of a several components, including solar panels to absorb and convert sunlight into electricity, a solar inverter to change the electric current from DC to AC. MPPT (Maximum Power Point tracking) is a technique used commonly with wind turbines and photovoltaic solar systems to minimize power extraction under all conditions. A grid-connected photovoltaic power system or grid-connected PV power system is electricity generating solar PV power system that is connected to utility grid. A grid-connected PV system consists of solar panels, one or several inverters, a power conditioning unit and grid connected equipment. Power Quality refers to the ability of electrical equipment to consume the energy being supplied to it.
 This project presents complete simulation modeling and control of three phase grid connected solar photovoltaic module including evaluation of various power quality issues. The proposed grid connected PV system will be developed on MATLAB\SIMULINK. The results will be justified by hardware module.

http://www.ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/GRID_INTERCONNECTION_OF_RENEWABLE_ENERGY_SOURCES_AT_THE_DISTRIBUTION_LEVEL_WITH___POWER_QUALITY_IMPROVEMENT_FEATURES_ijariie10682.pdf

Grid interconnection of renewable energy sources at the distribution level with power quality improvement features

In this paper, a detailed documentation revealing the design, development, and implementation aspects of grid-connected solar photovoltaic (SPV) power conversion system is presented. Since the inve...

Design, development, and implementation of grid-connected solar photovoltaic power conversion system

This paper presents photovoltaic (PV) system control as distributed static compensator (DSTATCOM), termed as PV-DSTATCOM, operated with active current control (ACC) and feed-forward control loop (FFCL). Besides active power injection into the utility grid, the proposed PV system autonomously transforms into a DSTATCOM to provide various ancillary services including source current harmonic suppression, load reactive current compensation, zero sequences component mitigation, and power factor correction. Since PV-DSTATCOM operates with ACC, it precisely extracts the fundamental in-phase and quadrature components of current. It introduces high-gain at the third-order harmonic and thereby alleviates stationary errors in the current control loop of PV inverter. The proposed ACC+FFCL structure is computationally efficient and unconditionally stable. Practically, FFCL addresses the challenges emerged due to nonlinearity introduced by the PV unit and ensure a rapid power balance between the PV unit and electric grid. Further, a simplified perturb and observe based maximum power point tracker has been employed to evacuate the maximum power from the PV array. The proficiency of the developed ACC+FFCL structure is investigated through a comprehensive set of transient studies using MATLAB/Simulink software. Finally, a laboratory setup has been developed using the dSPACE-1104 platform and experimental results are recorded with detailed comparative evaluation.

https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/iet-gtd.2019.1487

Photovoltaic system operation as DSTATCOM for power quality improvement employing active current control

This study aims to propose optimised and robust current controller for the transformerless grid-integrated photovoltaic inverter. Challenge of ensuring improved power quality while minimising the DC-component under non-ideal grid condition is at the forefront in the photovoltaic system. In this context, an advanced current controller is designed and developed in the stationary reference frame with proportional-integral (PI) plus four-vector PI (4VPI) controllers. The PI-controller modulates the shape of fundamental current to follow its reference induced from outer DC-link loop. Meanwhile, 4VPI controllers are tuned at the multiple of grid frequencies including third-( 3 ω 0 ), fifth-( 5 ω 0 ), seventh-( 7 ω 0 ), and ninth-( 9 ω 0 ) to introduce infinite gain and thereby alleviating stationary errors in the current loop of the photovoltaic inverter. The most distinguishing feature of the proposed controller is its inherent control robustness, and therefore, it operates satisfactorily against control delay time and frequency excursion. Traditionally, cumbersome trial-and-error techniques have been largely employed to adjust the PI-VPI controller gains. Nonetheless, tuning of these parameters has made many practitioners switch-off from employing the proposed controller. Given this, the particle swarm optimisation algorithm is proposed. Finally, the practicality of the proposed controller is verified through comprehensive set of simulation and experimental tests conducted on a laboratory-developed prototype using dSPACE-1104.

https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1049/iet-rpg.2019.0507

Optimised PI-4VPI current controller for three-phase grid-integrated photovoltaic inverter under grid voltage distortions

The multifunctional grid-connected inverter (MFGCIs) has drawn a significant attention among researchers because of its ancillary services such as active power injection into utility grid while also serving as a power quality conditioner. It should be noted that the application of a multifunctional inverter is specifically increased to integrate renewable and sustainable energy sources like solar photovoltaic (SPV) and wind turbine (WT) in distributed energy resources (DERs) and microgrid (MGs) where the aim is to diminish the transmission and distribution losses by generating power at one place and catering the load requirement of nearby localities. In concern to the above, the various configurations used in MFGCIs are presented along with their detailed comparative study. Furthermore, control strategies employed in single and three phase MFGCIs are comprehensively reviewed. In addition, an in-depth illustration, comparison, and discussion on MFGCIs are accomplished. Besides this, the author has also made an attempt to provide a detailed explanation on future scopes of MFGCIs in DERs and MGs. Â Â

https://www.ijrer-net.ijrer.org/index.php/ijrer/article/download/8404/pdf

Nirav Patel

Papers

Design, development, and implementation of grid-connected solar photovoltaic power conversion system

Photovoltaic system operation as DSTATCOM for power quality improvement employing active current control

Optimised PI-4VPI current controller for three-phase grid-integrated photovoltaic inverter under grid voltage distortions

Multifunctional Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Systems: A Comprehensive Review

Combined active power sharing and grid current distortion enhancement‐based approach for grid‐connected multifunctional photovoltaic inverter