Showing papers by "Oliver P. John published in 1994"
TL;DR: Although the self-perceptions showed convergent validity with the staff criterion, Ss were less accurate when judging themselves than when judging their peers; however, this general self-enhancement effect was dwarfed by substantial individual differences, which ranged from self- enhancement to self-diminishment bias and were strongly related to four measures of narcissism.
Abstract: Accuracy and bias in self-perceptions of performance were studied in a managerial group-discussion task. Ss ranked their own performance and were ranked by the 5 other group members and by 11 assessment staff members. Although the self-perceptions showed convergent validity with the staff criterion, Ss were less accurate when judging themselves than when judging their peers. On average, Ss evaluated their performance slightly more positively than their performance was evaluated by either the peers or the staff; however, this general self-enhancement effect was dwarfed by substantial individual differences, which ranged from self-enhancements to self-diminishment bias and were strongly related to four measures of narcissism. Discussion focuses on issues in assessing the accuracy of self-perceptions and the implications of the findings for individual differences in self-perception bias and the role of narcissism.
949 citations
TL;DR: The California Child Q-set was used to explore the structure of personality in early adolescence and to develop scales to measure the "Big Five" dimensions: Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness to Experience.
Abstract: The California Child Q-set (CCQ) was used to explore the structure of personality in early adolescence and to develop scales to measure the "Big Five" dimensions: Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness to Experience. Mothers provided Q-sorts of 350 ethnically diverse boys between 12 and 13 years old. Analyses of the construct validity of the scales provided a nomological network relating the Big Five to theoretically and socially important criterion variables, such as juvenile delinquency, Externalizing and Internalizing disorders of childhood psychopathology, school performance, IQ, SES, and race. These effects were obtained using diverse methods, including self-reports from the boys, ratings by their mothers and their teachers, and objective-test data. In addition to the Big Five, analyses also suggested 2 possibly age-specific dimensions of personality in early adolescence. Discussion is focused on the changing manifestations of personality traits throughout development.
554 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the Hungarian Big Five in a non-Indo-European language, Hungarian, and the relation between the Hungarian trait structure and the EPQ and the PTS.
Abstract: Brokken, F. B. (1978). The language of personality. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Groningen, The Netherlands. Costa, P. T., Jr., & McCrae, R. R. (1989). The NEO-PI/NEO-FFI manual supplement. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources. De Raad, B., & Szirmak, S. (1993, July). The searchfor the Big Five in a non-Indo-European language, Hungarian, and the relation between the Hungarian trait structure and the EPQ and the PTS. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Society for the Study of Individual Differences, Baltimore. Hofstee, W. K. B., De Raad, B., & Goldberg, L. R. (1992). Integration of the Big Five and circumplex approaches to trait structure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 146-163. Jackson, D. N. (1984). Personality Research Form (3rd ed.). Port Huron, MI: Research Psychologists Press. Jones, E. E., & Nisbett, R. E. (1971). The actor and the observer: Divergent perceptions of the causes of behavior. In E. E. Jones, D. E. Kanouse, H. H. Kelley, R. E. Nisbett, S. Valins, & B. Weiner (Eds.), Attribution: Perceiving the causes of behavior (pp. 79-94). Morristown, NJ: General Learning Press. McAdams, D. P. (1992). The five-factor model in personality: A critical appraisal. Journal of Personality, 60, 329-361. Mischel, W. (1981). Introduction to personality (3rd ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston. Pedersen, N. L., Plomin, R., McCleam, G. E., & Friberg, L. (1988). Neuroticism, extraversion, and related traits in adult twins reared apart and reared together. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 950-957. Tellegen, A., Lykken, D. T., Bouchard, T. J., Jr., Kimerly, J., Wilcox, J., & Segal, N. L. (1988). Personality similarity in twins reared apart and together. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1031-1039.
26 citations