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An Introduction To Electrospinning And Nanofibers

Continual reduction of landfill space along with rising CO2 levels and environmental pollution, are global issues that will only grow with time if not correctly addressed The lack of proper waste management infrastructure means gloablly commodity plastics are disposed of incorrectly, leading to both an economical loss and environmental destruction The bioaccumulation of plastics and microplastics can already be seen in marine ecosystems causing a negative impact on all organisms that live there, ultimately microplastics will bioaccumulate in humans The opportunity exists to replace the majority of petroleum derived plastics with bioplastics (bio-based, biodegradable or both) This, in conjunction with mechanical and chemical recycling is a renewable and sustainable solution that would help mitigate climate change This review covers the most promising biopolymers PLA, PGA, PHA and bio-versions of conventional petro-plastics bio-PET, bio-PE The most optimal recycling routes after reuse and mechanical recycling are: alcoholysis, biodegradation, biological recycling, glycolysis and pyrolysis respectively

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Recycling of Bioplastics: Routes and Benefits

Fiber is a symbol of human civilization, being ubiquitous but obscure in society over most of history. Fiber has been revived upon the advent of fiber-based electronic devices in the past two decades. This is due to its desirable lightweight, flexible, and conformable characteristics, which enable it to play a fundamental role in the electronic and information era. Numerous fiber-based electronic devices have sprung up in energy conversion, energy storage, sensing, actuation, etc. A possibility is thereby conceived that they can be integrated into smart systems compatible with the human body, consisting of biotic fiber-based organs and tissues, which possess similar but more advanced functions. However, the design of mono-/multifibers, the construction of fiber-based devices, and the integration of these smart systems represent great challenges in fundamental understanding and practical implementation. A systematic review of the current state of the art with respect to the design and fabrication of electronic fiber materials, construction of fiber-based devices, and integration of smart systems is presented. In addition, limitations of current fiber-based devices and perspectives are explored toward potential and promising smart integration.

A Route Toward Smart System Integration: From Fiber Design to Device Construction.

Polymeric nanofibers have been the focus of much research due to their continually evolving applications in fields such as biomedicine, tissue engineering, composites, filtration, battery separator...

https://tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/20550324.2017.1393919

Rotary jet spinning review – a potential high yield future for polymer nanofibers

Renewable polymers have attracted considerable attentions in the last two decades, predominantly due to their environmentally friendly properties, renewability, good biocompatibility, biodegradability, bioactivity, and modifiability. The nanofibers prepared from the renewable polymers can combine the excellent properties of the renewable polymer and nanofiber, such as high specific surface area, high porosity, excellent performances in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, differentiation, and the analogous physical properties of extracellular matrix. They have been widely used in the fields of wound dressing to promote the wound healing, hemostasis, skin regeneration, and treatment of diabetic ulcers. In the present review, the different methods to prepare the nanofibers from the renewable polymers were introduced. Then the recent progress on preparation and properties of the nanofibers from different renewable polymers or their composites were reviewed; the application of them in the fields of wound dressing was emphasized.

/pdf/preparation-of-nanofibers-with-renewable-polymers-and-their-4ilrh51vel.pdf

Preparation of Nanofibers with Renewable Polymers and Their Application in Wound Dressing

Forcespinning™ is a newly developed process that employs centrifugal force to spin nanofibers from polymer solutions or melts. Nanofibers and nanofibrous structures have remarkable properties due to their small diameter and high surface area to volume ratio. The ability to control the average value and dispersion of fiber diameter is critical for applications such as filtration and tissue engineering scaffolds, where the performance of the nanofiber membranes depends on fiber diameter. This research investigates the interactions among polymer fluid viscosity and Forcespinning parameters, and their impact on fiber morphology and diameter using PA6 as a spinning material. The results indicate a positive relationship between spinning solution viscosity and fiber diameter. Increasing the solution viscosity both shifts the diameter distribution and increases its spread toward higher values, which results in the alteration of its shape. In addition to fiber diameter, viscosity appeared to also play a major role...

Centrifugal force spinning of PA6 nanofibers - processability and morphology of solution-spun fibers

Recycling process seems to be the most efficient way to reduce ecological impacts of used polymers. Nevertheless, the properties of the recycled PP polymer are proved to be insufficient during its ...

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/17518253.2018.1491645

Reinforcement of recycled PP polymers by nanoparticles incorporation

The study of the physical and mechanical properties of raffia vinifera fibers along the stem is examined in this work. In central Africa, these fibers are already being used by craftsmen in the field of textile and decoration. The cross-section of fibers is higher at the base of the stem and grows from the periphery toward the center on a transverse position. By the Archimedes method, the obtained bulk density was between 0.1288 g/cm3 and 0.2368 g/cm3 and in a transverse position, it increases from the center toward the periphery. The dynamic tensile tests were used to estimate the Young’s modulus that lies among 0.88 GPa and 7.9 GPa and the low values are at the base of the stem. The specific Young’s modulus was deduced and varied from 7.33 GPa/(g/cm3) and 66.00 GPa/(g/cm3). Finally, through the strain, the microfibril angle was found and it is oscillated from 29.81° to 48.65°.

Investigation of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Raffia Vinifera Fibers along the Stem

The production of natural fibers is not sufficient to accommodate the textile needs of the growing world population. Therefore, textile research is exploring alternative natural resources to produce fibers. Though typically known for its nutritional use, the sugarcane can also be used for textile production because of its high fiber content. The aim of our study was to extract fibers from sugarcane and to analyze their mechanical behavior. Cane particles were treated with an alkaline solution in order to get cellulosic fibers. Physical and mechanical characterizations were carried out on these fibers: linear density, fineness, tensile properties, and bending rigidity. Their microstructure was analyzed to better understand their behavior. The results showed a strong influence of extraction parameters on the characteristics of fibers. Depending on these parameters, fibers fineness ranged from 8 to 80 tex, length ranged from 19 to 62 mm, and tenacity ranged from 7 and 25 cN/tex.

https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2013/651787.pdf

Preparation of Cellulosic Fibers from Sugarcane for Textile Use

This study investigates the influence of clay nanofiller on morphological, thermal, and mechanical behaviors of post-consumer polypropylene (PCPP)-based nanocomposites. Waste polypropylene was mixe...

Omar Harzallah

Papers

Centrifugal force spinning of PA6 nanofibers - processability and morphology of solution-spun fibers

Reinforcement of recycled PP polymers by nanoparticles incorporation

Investigation of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Raffia Vinifera Fibers along the Stem

Preparation of Cellulosic Fibers from Sugarcane for Textile Use

Impact of Tunisian clay nanofillers on structure and properties of post-consumer polypropylene-based nanocomposites: