Primary breast cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up

https://www.pure.ed.ac.uk/ws/files/8378925/The_benefits_and_harms_of_breast_cancer_screening.pdf

The benefits and harms of breast cancer screening: an independent review

Screening mammography aims to identify breast cancer at earlier stages of the disease, when treatment can be more successful1. Despite the existence of screening programmes worldwide, the interpretation of mammograms is affected by high rates of false positives and false negatives2. Here we present an artificial intelligence (AI) system that is capable of surpassing human experts in breast cancer prediction. To assess its performance in the clinical setting, we curated a large representative dataset from the UK and a large enriched dataset from the USA. We show an absolute reduction of 5.7% and 1.2% (USA and UK) in false positives and 9.4% and 2.7% in false negatives. We provide evidence of the ability of the system to generalize from the UK to the USA. In an independent study of six radiologists, the AI system outperformed all of the human readers: the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) for the AI system was greater than the AUC-ROC for the average radiologist by an absolute margin of 11.5%. We ran a simulation in which the AI system participated in the double-reading process that is used in the UK, and found that the AI system maintained non-inferior performance and reduced the workload of the second reader by 88%. This robust assessment of the AI system paves the way for clinical trials to improve the accuracy and efficiency of breast cancer screening. An artificial intelligence (AI) system performs as well as or better than radiologists at detecting breast cancer from mammograms, and using a combination of AI and human inputs could help to improve screening efficiency.

/pdf/international-evaluation-of-an-ai-system-for-breast-cancer-4c1yg7x284.pdf

International evaluation of an AI system for breast cancer screening.

This guideline from the USPSTF is based on current evidence on mammography, digital breast tomography, and supplemental screening for breast cancer. The recommendations apply to asymptomatic women ...

/pdf/screening-for-breast-cancer-u-s-preventive-services-task-4hi5mt179k.pdf

Screening for Breast Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third among the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide, with wide geographical variation in incidence and mortality across the world. Despite proof that screening can decrease CRC incidence and mortality, CRC screening is only offered to a small proportion of the target population worldwide. Throughout the world there are widespread differences in CRC screening implementation status and strategy. Differences can be attributed to geographical variation in CRC incidence, economic resources, healthcare structure and infrastructure to support screening such as the ability to identify the target population at risk and cancer registry availability. This review highlights issues to consider when implementing a CRC screening programme and gives a worldwide overview of CRC burden and the current status of screening programmes, with focus on international differences.

https://gut.bmj.com/content/gutjnl/64/10/1637.full.pdf

Colorectal cancer screening: a global overview of existing programmes

Su1731 THE COMPARISON OF THE EFFICIENCY OF COLON CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY AND OPTICAL COLONOSCOPY IN PATIENTS WITH POSITIVE IMMUNOCHEMICAL FECAL OCCULT BLOOD TEST: MULTICENTER, PROSPECTIVE STUDY

Effect of the national screening program on the colorectal cancer incidence and mortality reduction in the czech republic

Koncepce populačního screeningu v České republice, metodika a první výsledky adresného zvaní občanů do preventivních onkologických programů Approach to Population-based Screening in the Czech Republic, Methodology and First Results of the Personalised Invitation of Citizens to Cancer Screening Programmes

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most frequent malignant
disease in Europe. Every year, 412,000 people are diagnosed
with this condition, and 207,000 patients die of it. Secondary
prevention of CRC consists of early diagnosis of the disease in
asymptomatic individuals (screening) and long term follow up of
high risk patients (surveillance). Three groups of screening
methods are currently available: stool testing (guaiac or
immunochemical fecal occult blood tests – gFOBT and FIT
respectively and DNA tests), endoscopic examinations (flexible
sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy) and radiologic examinations
(computed tomographic colonography and double contrast barium
enema). Colonoscopy is therefore used as the only screening
method or as a second step in case of positive results of
primary screening examination (two steps screening programs).

https://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs-wm/22619.pdf

Screening and Surveillance Colonoscopy

2Institut bio statistiky a analýz, LF a PřF MU, Brno 3 Ustav zdravotnických informaci a statistiky CR, Praha 4 Ustav vseobecneho lekařstvi, 1. LF UK v Praze

Výsledky Národního programu screeningu kolorektálního karcinomu v České republice - kolonoskopická vyšetření Results of the Czech National Colorectal Cancer Screening Programme - Colonoscopy Examinations

Ondrej Majek

Papers

Su1731 THE COMPARISON OF THE EFFICIENCY OF COLON CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY AND OPTICAL COLONOSCOPY IN PATIENTS WITH POSITIVE IMMUNOCHEMICAL FECAL OCCULT BLOOD TEST: MULTICENTER, PROSPECTIVE STUDY

Effect of the national screening program on the colorectal cancer incidence and mortality reduction in the czech republic

Screening and Surveillance Colonoscopy

Výsledky Národního programu screeningu kolorektálního karcinomu v České republice - kolonoskopická vyšetření Results of the Czech National Colorectal Cancer Screening Programme - Colonoscopy Examinations