Data Mining Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques

This USPSTF recommendation on screening for prostate cancer considers evidence on the benefits and harms of prostate-specific antigen (PSA)–based screening for prostate cancer, as well as those of ...

/pdf/screening-for-prostate-cancer-u-s-preventive-services-task-1mzp6sktrg.pdf

Screening for Prostate Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

The aims of this study were to estimate the present and future incidence of hip fracture world-wide. From a survey of available data on current incidence, population trends and the secular changes in hip fracture risk, the numbers of hip fractures expected in 2025 and 2050 were computed. The total number of hip fractures in men and women in 1990 was estimated to be 338000 and 917000 respectively, a total of 1.26 million. Assuming no change in the age- and sex-specific incidence, the number of hip fractures is estimated to approximately double to 2.6 million by the year 2025, and 4.5 million by the year 2050. The percentage increase will be greater in men (310%) than in women (240%). With modest assumptions concerning secular trends, the number of hip fractures could range between 7.3 and 21.3 million by 2050. The major demographic changes will occur in Asia. In 1990, 26% of all hip fractures occurred in Asia, whereas this figure could rise to 37% in 2025 and to 45% in 2050. We conclude that the socioeconomic impact of hip fractures will increase markedly throughout the world, particularly in Asia, and that there is an urgent need to develop preventive strategies, particularly in the developing countries.

World-wide Projections for Hip Fracture

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast represents a heterogeneous group of neoplastic lesions in the breast ducts. The goal for management of DCIS is to prevent the development of invasive breast cancer. This manuscript focuses on the NCCN Guidelines Panel recommendations for the workup, primary treatment, risk reduction strategies, and surveillance specific to DCIS.

https://www.unitypoint.org/desmoines/filesimages/Cancer%20Education/Oncology%20Nursing%20Conference/2015/2014%20NCCN%20Clin%20Pract%20Guidelines%20Male%20Sex%20Dysf.pdf

Clinical practice guidelines in oncology

https://www.spg.pt/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/2013-ACG_Guideline_CeliacDisease_May_2013.pdf

ACG Clinical Guidelines: Diagnosis and Management of Celiac Disease

Introduction Treatment of osteoporosis is becoming more effective, but methods to identify patients who are most suitable for investigation and treatment are still being debated. Should any type of...

Women with low-energy fracture should be investigated for osteoporosis

Methodological Aspects on Separation and Reaction Conditions of Bone and Liver Alkaline Phosphatase Isoform Analysis by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

The incidence of hip fractures in the county of Ostergotland in Sweden has increased dramatically from 1940 to 1986, mainly due to an increase in age-specific incidence of trochanteric fractures. The increase is most pronounced in people over 80 but is present even in age groups down to 50 years. If the age-specific incidence rates continue to increase, and the population of the elderly grows in accordance with the forecast, there will be 70% more hip fractures in the year 2000 than in 1985.

Increased Hip-Fracture Incidence in the County of Östergötland, Sweden, 1940–1986, with Forecasts up to the Year 2000: An Epidemiological Study

The main objective of this study is to investigate the potential application of support vector machines (SVM) with kernel functions analysis for spatial prediction of landslides in the Hoa Binh province, Vietnam. A landslide inventory map that accounts for landslides that occurred during the last ten years was constructed using data from various sources. The landslide inventory was randomly divided into a training dataset 70% for building the models and the remaining 30% for the validation of the models. Ten landslide conditioning factors, such as slope angle, aspect, relief amplitude, lithology, soil type, landuse, distance to roads, distance to rivers, distance to faults and rainfall were prepared. During the model building process, four different SVM kernel functions (linear, polynomial, radial basic function, and sigmoid) were employed and four landslide susceptibility maps were constructed. Using the prediction rate method, the validation was performed by using landslide locations, which were not utilized during the model building. The validation results showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for landslide susceptibility maps produced by the SVM linear function, SVM polynomial function, SVM radial basic function, and SVM sigmoid function are 0.956, 0.956, 0.952, and 0.945 respectively. It indicates that the four landslide models seem to have performed well. Compared with the logistic regression (AUC =0.938) and Bayesian neural network model (AUC 0.903), the accuracy of the SVM landslide models in this study (using radial basic function and polynomial function) are slightly better. The result shows that SVM is a powerful tool for landslide susceptibility mapping at a regional scale. These maps can be very useful for natural hazards assessment and for land use planning.

/pdf/application-of-support-vector-machines-in-landslide-3t59q7obxy.pdf

Application of support vector machines in landslide susceptibility assessment for the Hoa Binh province (Vietnam) with kernel functions analysis

Aims To explore how socioeconomic factors and population density may contribute to the geographical variation of incidence of Type 1 diabetes in children in south-eastern Sweden.



Method  All children diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes in south-eastern Sweden during 1977–2001 were defined geographically to their place of residence and were allocated x and y coordinates in the national grid. The population at risk and socioeconomic data were aggregated in 82 000 200-m squares and geocoded likewise. A socioeconomic index was calculated using a signed χ2 method. Rural–urban gradients were defined by overlay analysis in a geographic information system.



Results  The incidence during the past 25 years has been rising steadily, particularly in the last 6 years. The incidence was highest in areas with a high proportion of small families, of families with a high family income and better education, and this was found both at the time of diagnosis and at the time of birth. In the rural–urban analysis, the lowest incidence was found in the urban area with > 20 000 inhabitants, where there was also a higher frequency of deprivation.



Conclusions  Our findings indicate that geographical variations in incidence rates of Type 1 diabetes in children are associated with socioeconomic factors and population density, although other contributing factors remain to be explained.

Owe Löfman

Papers

Women with low-energy fracture should be investigated for osteoporosis

Methodological Aspects on Separation and Reaction Conditions of Bone and Liver Alkaline Phosphatase Isoform Analysis by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Increased Hip-Fracture Incidence in the County of Östergötland, Sweden, 1940–1986, with Forecasts up to the Year 2000: An Epidemiological Study

Application of support vector machines in landslide susceptibility assessment for the Hoa Binh province (Vietnam) with kernel functions analysis

A low incidence of Type 1 diabetes between 1977 and 2001 in south‐eastern Sweden in areas with high population density and which are more deprived