With increasing population, excessive use of electrical and electronic products and extreme demand of resources have compelled the linear economy to transform into Circular Economy (CE). In the current scenario, e-waste management has become the top priority of all the developed and developing nations especially those in the transition phase. The generation of e-waste has increased proportionally across the world and created an intense pressure on the firms to implement sustainable practices to redesign and recycle the products. The current status of the developing countries like India confronts number of challenges to manage e-waste produced, and the only possible solution is to minimize the waste generation and practicing recycling processes. For transforming into CEs, there is a need to identify the most influencing key enablers through which an effective and robust e-waste management (e-WM) system can be developed. An extensive literature review and expert judgments are expended to identify the most influencing key enablers of e-WM in circular economies, and, being the highest producer of e-waste, Mumbai (Maharashtra) has been chosen as the case location. To explore the strength of causal and effect enablers, the DEMATEL method is applied. This study has shown that 'Environmental management system' (EMS) is the most significant and important driving enabler to influence all the other existing enablers. This study has also highlighted that e-WM can be efficient if it focuses on producing eco-friendly products, developing strict legislations, building green image and supporting the producers to implement CE practices. This study helps stakeholders and policy makers to reduce the burden from the environment and focus on developing an efficient e-WM system on the basis of identified key enablers like EMS and collaboration with environmental partners to contribute towards CE transition.

Assessing enablers of e-waste management in circular economy using DEMATEL method: An Indian perspective

A multi-objective algorithm for task scheduling and resource allocation in cloud-based disassembly

Optimal pricing and remanufacturing mode in a closed-loop supply chain of WEEE under government fund policy

A Review of Sustainable E-Waste Generation and Management: Present and Future Perspectives

In the last few decades, the rapid technological evolution has led to a growing generation of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). Not rarely, it has been exported from industrialized to developing countries, where it represents a secondary source of valuable materials such as gold, copper, and silver. The recycling of WEEE is often carried out without any environmental and health protection. This paper reviews recent literature dealing with the informal treatment of WEEE in developing regions, gathering and analyzing data on concentration of both inorganic and organic pollutants in the environment. Open burning practices are revealed as most polluting ‘technology’, followed by mechanical treatment and leaching. Significant levels of pollutants have been detected in human bodies, both children and adults, working in or living in areas with informal WEEE treatment.

https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/9/1595/pdf

WEEE Treatment in Developing Countries: Environmental Pollution and Health Consequences—An Overview

Tedarikci secimi karari bir sirketin basarili olabilmesi icin cok onemlidir. Dogru tedarikcilerin secilmesi, sirketin satin alma maliyetlerini azaltacak, musteri memnuniyetini arttiracak ve rekabet yetenegini gelistirecektir. Bu calismada tedarikci secimi problemi ele alinmistir. Cok kriterli karar verme yontemlerinden AHP ve TOPSIS yontemleri birlikte bir isletmeye en uygun tedarikcinin secilmesi amaciyla uygulanmistir. Calismada, literatur incelendiginde yaygin olarak kullanildigi tespit edilen kalite, maliyet, teslimat ve hizmet kriterleri ana kriterler olarak belirlenmistir ve bunlarin alt kriterleri tanimlanmistir. AHP yontemi ana kriterler ve alt kriterlerin onem derecesinin belirlenmesi icin, TOPSIS yontemi ise tedarikcilerin siralanmasi icin kullanilmistir. AHP yonteminde kriter agirliklari ve tutarsizlik oranlari Super Decisions 2.0.8 programi ile elde edilmistir. TOPSIS yonteminin adimlari icin Microsoft Excel 2007 hesaplamalarindan yararlanilmistir. Calisma sonunda en onemli kriter “kalite” olarak belirlenmis ve isletmenin mevcut tedarikcileri arasinda “A2 tedarikcisi” en yuksek puana sahip tedarikci olarak secilmistir.

Ahp-topsis yöntemi̇ne dayali tedari̇kçi̇ seçi̇mi̇ uygulamasi

Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) consist of many different substances some of which contain hazardous components and valuable materials. The recovery of WEEE plays a key role on environmental sustainability because it minimizes the negative effects of hazardous materials and helps the efficient use of world’s limited resources. Recovery strategies enable companies to collect reusable components and to recycle the material content of WEEE by using operations like sorting, disassembly and bulk recycling. Usually companies associated with municipals collect WEEE from end-users and/or collection points. Then they sell these items to WEEE recycling facilities through bidding. For recycling facilities, it is important to generate the best operational level decisions to receive and handle WEEE. This study contributes to the fulfillment of this need by presenting a mixed integer linear programming model to determine the maximum bid price offer while determining the best operation planning strategies. In order to demonstrate the potential of the proposed model, a real life case study along with several scenarios is studied. The findings of the case study indicate that the model has the potential to enable the decision maker to come with stronger decisions related to both bidding process and operational strategies of the facility.

Planning of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) recycling facilities: MILP modelling and case study investigation

Modelling of WEEE recycling operation planning under uncertainty

Purpose: In the plain carbon stainless steel storage tank manufacturing industry, there are many types of welding processes used. When selecting the most appropriate welding process is usually done intuitively by the manufacturer depending on its own pre-experiences or common applications in similar companies. However, this approach has a shortsighted view since it generally ignores many conflicting criteria effecting the suitable welding process selection. To overcome this problem, this study aims to evaluate important criteria and alternative welding processes by using some of multi-criteria decision-making approaches to come up with better manufacturing decisions. Design/methodology/approach: This study uses a combined methodology of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Since both of these techniques require experts’ contributions, a group meeting is held with the experts from academia and industry. Findings: The study identified the important criteria for welding selection process in storage tank manufacturing. With the help of experts in the domain, both weights of decision criteria and ranking of alternative welding processes were determined. Research limitations/implications: Since the techniques used in the study depend on expert’s contribution, the expert knowledge on the welding process is critical. When the expert changes the resulting decision may also change. Therefore, the selection of the expert(s) must be done carefully. Practical implications: The findings of the study are valid for the specific case of the storage tank manufacturing. The study helps manufacturers to understand the framework of welding process selection and make them aware of various techniques (e.g., AHP and TOPSIS). The approach may also be welcomed by other welding applications.

Using AHP and TOPSIS to evaluate welding processes for manufacturing plain carbon stainless steel storage tank

Recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) is crucially important since it handles hazardous waste according to ever tightening laws and regulations and it adds benefits to economy and sustainable environment. Disassembly is one of the most important processes performed during the recovery of WEEE. The overall goal of disassembly is to maximize the retrieval of various metals and plastics contained in WEEE in order to reduce their negative effects on human health and environmental sustainability and to increase economic gains. This study aims to evaluate alternative layout configurations for WEEE disassembly systems (WDS). In this context, various configurations were compared in terms of pre-defined performance criteria, such as the total number of disassembled WEEE and the total revenue from sales, using simulation models. The results of this study show that the performance of a WDS was significantly affected by output transfer systems along with the specialization of operators on certain types of WEEE.

Ozan Capraz

Papers

Ahp-topsis yöntemi̇ne dayali tedari̇kçi̇ seçi̇mi̇ uygulamasi

Planning of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) recycling facilities: MILP modelling and case study investigation

Modelling of WEEE recycling operation planning under uncertainty

Using AHP and TOPSIS to evaluate welding processes for manufacturing plain carbon stainless steel storage tank

Performance evaluation of waste electrical and electronic equipment disassembly layout configurations using simulation