Entropy analysis is closely scrutinized for unsteady mixed convection in magneto-hybrid nanofluid (Cu–Fe
$$_3$$

O
$$_4$$

–water) flow over an inverted cone surrounded by a porous medium. The mathematical model comprises nonlinear, coupled partial differential equations. The numerical solutions of constitutive equations assisted by related initial boundary conditions are obtained by an effective finite difference method. The specified ranges for active parameters are: 
$$0\le \varphi _\mathrm{hnf}\le 0.04$$

, 
$$0\le M\le 5$$

, 
$$0.5\le K\le 3.5$$

, 
$$0.6\le \hbox {Gr}\le 1$$

 and 
$$0.1\le \hbox {Br}\Omega ^{-1} \le 0.4$$

. The impact of various parameters arising in the constitutive flow model on the virtual flow parameters is analyzed carefully, and the outcomes are illustrated graphically. Also, steady-state entropy production and Bejan lines are plotted for various active parameters. In addition, the physical quantities, i.e., heat transfer and momentum coefficient, are scrutinized for various parameters and the outcomes are displayed in the tabulated form. It is witnessed that heat transfer rates improved incredibly with growing estimates of hybrid nanoparticles volume fraction. The Nusselt number enhancement of Cu–Fe
$$_3$$

O
$$_4$$

–water hybrid nanofluid are 0.53%, 0.76%, 0.95% and 1.1% corresponding to volume concentration of 1%:4% with a difference of 1%, respectively. The theoretical measurement of skin friction showed a maximum enhancement of 0.25% at a volume concentration of 1% compared with Fe
$$_3$$

O
$$_4$$

–water nanofluid. Moreover, the momentum and heat transport coefficients are compared with those of natural convection and the result showed that heat transfer coefficient attains higher rates in mixed convectional flow compared with natural convection.

Heat transfer exaggeration and entropy analysis in magneto-hybrid nanofluid flow over a vertical cone: a numerical study

The present research paper aims to study the effect Heat source on an MHD Casson fluid through a vertical fluctuating porous plate. Dimensional non-linear coupled differential equations transformed into dimensional less by introducing similarity variables. The transformed nondimensional ordinary differential equations of velocity, temperature is solved by Galerkin element technique. The influence of flow parameters like Casson fluid ( γ ) , Permeability (K), magnetic number (M), Phase angle ( ω t ) , Prandtl number (Pr), other physical quantities on velocity along with temperature profiles is explained in detailed via graphs. Skin friction, Nusselt number is also explained through tables. Moreover, with increasing the heat source parameter the result in the velocity and temperature increases.

Effect of Heat source on an unsteady MHD free convection flow of Casson fluid past a vertical oscillating plate in porous medium using finite element analysis

3-D axisymmetric Carreau nanofluid flow near the Homann stagnation region along with chemical reaction: Application Fourier’s and Fick’s laws

A Comprehensive study on laminar, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow of nanofluid (water + Silver, water + Graphene) embedded with conducting micrometer sized dust particles over a stretching cylinder with the incorporation of Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model is conducted. Appropriate similarity variables are employed to the flow governing equations and the resulting ordinary differential equations are solved by employing Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method. The results for varied controlling parameters for both dusty nano fluid and dust phase are shown through graphs, table and discussed in detail. Authentication of the obtained results is provided by comparing with published results. Results indicate that Graphene + water dusty nanofluid shows better heat transfer performance compared with Silver + water dusty nanofluid. Improvement in thermal relaxation boosts temperature distribution in both fluid and dust phase.

Modified Fourier heat flux on MHD flow over stretched cylinder filled with dust, Graphene and silver nanoparticles

A new computational method of modeling and evaluation of dissolving microneedle for drug delivery applications: Extension to theoretical modeling of a novel design of microneedle (array in array) for efficient drug delivery.

The consequence of thermal radiation in laminar natural convective hydromagnetic flow of viscous incompressible fluid past a vertical cone with mass transfer under the influence of chemical reaction with heat source/sink is presented here. The surface of the cone is focused to a variable wall temperature (VWT) and wall concentration (VWC). The fluid considered here is a gray absorbing and emitting, but non-scattering medium. The boundary layer dimensionless equations governing the flow are solved by an implicit finite-difference scheme of Crank–Nicolson which has speedy convergence and stable. This method converts the dimensionless equations into a system of tri-diagonal equations and which are then solved by using well known Thomas algorithm. Numerical solutions are obtained for momentum, temperature, concentration, local and average shear stress, heat and mass transfer rates for various values of parameters Pr, Sc, λ, Δ, Rd are established with graphical representations. We observed that the liquid velocity decreased for higher values of Prandtl and Schmidt numbers. The temperature is boost up for decreasing values of Schimdt and Prandtl numbers. The enhancement in radiative parameter gives more heat to liquid due to which temperature is enhanced significantly.

Radiated chemical reaction impacts on natural convective MHD mass transfer flow induced by a vertical cone

A mathematical model for the effects of chemical reaction and heat generation/absorption on unsteady laminar free convective flow with heat and mass transfer over an incompressible viscous fluid past a vertical permeable cone with nonuniform surface temperature and concentration is considered here. The dimensionless governing boundary layer equations of the flow that are transient, coupled, and nonlinear partial differential equations are solved by an efficient, accurate, and unconditionally stable finite difference scheme of Crank-Nicholson type. The velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles have been studied for various parameters, namely, chemical reaction parameter , the heat generation and absorption parameter , Schmidt number Sc, Prandtl number , buoyancy ratio parameter , surface temperature power law exponent , and surface concentration power law exponent . The local as well as average skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are discussed and analyzed graphically. The present results are compared with available results in open literature and are found to be in excellent agreement.

/pdf/effects-of-chemical-reactions-on-unsteady-free-convective-4k9xkdt2b6.pdf

Effects of Chemical Reactions on Unsteady Free Convective and Mass Transfer Flow from a Vertical Cone with Heat Generation/Absorption in the Presence of VWT/VWC

Abstract A computational model is presented to explore the properties of heat source, chemically reacting radiative, viscous dissipative MHD flow of an incompressible viscous fluid past an upright cone under inhomogeneous mass flux. A numerical study has been carried out to explore the mass flux features with the help of Crank-Nicolson finite difference scheme. This investigation reveals the influence of distinct significant parameters and the obtained outputs for the transient momentum, temperature and concentration distribution near the boundary layer is discussed and portrayed graphically for the active parameters such as the Schmidt number Sc, thermal radiation Rd, viscous dissipation parameter ɛ, chemical reaction parameter λ, MHD parameter M and heat generation parameter Δ. The significant effect of parameters on shear stress, heat and mass transfer rates are also illustrated.

/pdf/a-numerical-study-of-dissipative-chemically-reactive-35nw4hryk9.pdf

A Numerical Study of Dissipative Chemically Reactive Radiative MHD Flow Past a Vertical Cone with Nonuniform Mass Flux

The purpose of this paper is to present a mathematical model for the combined effects of chemical reaction and heat generation/absorption on unsteady laminar free convective flow with heat and mass transfer over an incompressible viscous fluid past a vertical permeable cone with uniform wall temperature and concentration (UWT/UWC).The dimensionless governing boundary layer equations of the flow that are transient, coupled and non-linear partial differential equations are solved by an efficient, accurate and unconditionally stable finite difference scheme of Crank-Nicholson type. The velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles have been studied for various parameters viz., chemical reaction parameter , the heat generation and absorption parameter  , Schmidt number Sc , Prandtl number Pr , buoyancy ratio parameter N . The local as well as average skin friction, Nusselt number, Sherwood number, are discussed and analyzed graphically. The present results are compared with available results in open literature and are found to be in excellent agreement

https://jafmonline.net/JournalArchive/download?file_ID=39103&issue_ID=224

Numerical solutions of free convective flow from a vertical cone with mass transfer under the influence of chemical reaction and heat generation/absorption in the presence of UWT/UWC

A finite-difference investigation of transient laminar natural convective mass transfer stream of an incompressible thick liquid precedent a vertically inclined plate by means of heat source and sink in a MHD radiative medium is considered in this article. The periphery layer equations administering the course are reduced to dimensionless form of equations and are enlightened by an entrenched finite-difference method of Crank–Nicolson. which has speedy convergence and categorically firm. Numerical explanations are conceded for momentum, temperature, concentration are obtained for different values of physical parameters. The present consequences are compared with the on hand results in the open literature and are agreed with those results.A finite-difference investigation of transient laminar natural convective mass transfer stream of an incompressible thick liquid precedent a vertically inclined plate by means of heat source and sink in a MHD radiative medium is considered in this article. The periphery layer equations administering the course are reduced to dimensionless form of equations and are enlightened by an entrenched finite-difference method of Crank–Nicolson. which has speedy convergence and categorically firm. Numerical explanations are conceded for momentum, temperature, concentration are obtained for different values of physical parameters. The present consequences are compared with the on hand results in the open literature and are agreed with those results.

P. Sambath

Papers

Radiated chemical reaction impacts on natural convective MHD mass transfer flow induced by a vertical cone

Effects of Chemical Reactions on Unsteady Free Convective and Mass Transfer Flow from a Vertical Cone with Heat Generation/Absorption in the Presence of VWT/VWC

A Numerical Study of Dissipative Chemically Reactive Radiative MHD Flow Past a Vertical Cone with Nonuniform Mass Flux

Numerical solutions of free convective flow from a vertical cone with mass transfer under the influence of chemical reaction and heat generation/absorption in the presence of UWT/UWC

Unsteady free convective MHD radiative mass transfer flow past from an inclined vertical plate with heat source and sink