Indian medicinal herbs as sources of antioxidants

Natural biodegradable polymers based nano-formulations for drug delivery: A review.

Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Momordica dioica Roxb. leaves.

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts of edible lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) leaves

To investigate the cytotoxic effect of some Bangladeshi medicinal plant extracts, 16 Bangladeshi medicinal plants were successively extracted with n-hexane, dichloromethane, methanol and water. The methanolic and aqueous extracts were screened for cytotoxic activity against healthy mouse fibroblasts (NIH3T3) and three human cancer-cell lines (gastric: AGS; colon: HT-29; and breast: MDA-MB-435S) using the MTT assay. Two methanolic extracts (Hygrophila auriculata and Hibiscus tiliaceous) and one aqueous extract (Limnophila indica) showed no toxicity against healthy mouse fibroblasts, but selective cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells (IC50 1.1–1.6 mg mL−1). Seven methanolic extracts from L. indica, Clerodendron inerme, Cynometra ramiflora, Xylocarpus moluccensis, Argemone mexicana, Ammannia baccifera and Acrostichum aureum and four aqueous extracts from Hygrophila auriculata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, X. moluccensis and Aegiceras corniculatum showed low toxicity (IC50 > 2.5 mg mL−1) against mouse fibroblasts but selective cytotoxicity (IC50 0.2–2.3 mg mL−1) against different cancer cell lines. The methanolic extract of Blumea lacera showed the highest cytotoxicity (IC50 0.01–0.08 mg mL−1) against all tested cell lines among all extracts tested in this study. For some of the plants their traditional use as anticancer treatments correlates with the cytotoxic results, whereas for others so far unknown cytotoxic activities were identified.

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Cytotoxic Effects of Bangladeshi Medicinal Plant Extracts

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of Hygrophila auriculata (K. Schum) Heine Acanthaceae root extract.

Hygrophila auriculata (Schum) Heine (syn) Asteracantha longifolia Nees, Acanthaceae was described in ayurvedic literature as Ikshura, Ikshugandha, and Kokilasha. The plant was extensively used in traditional system of medicine for various ailments like rheumatism, inflammation, jaundice, hepatic obstruction, pain, etc. The aqueous extract of aerial parts (HAA) and root(HAR) were screened for its anti-nociceptive property using both chemical and thermal methods of nociception in mice. In chemical method acetic acid writhing test and in thermal methods hot plate and tail flick tests were performed. Both the extracts at doses 100 and 200 mg/kg/p.o inhibited the abdominal constrictions induced by acetic acid and also increased the pain threshold of mice towards the thermal source in a dose dependent manner. The activity exhibited by the extracts was comparable to that of the standard drug aspirin (100 mg/kg/p.o). From the results it was concluded that both extracts exhibited anti-nociceptive activity by central and peripheral mechanism(s).

https://journals.athmsi.org/index.php/ajtcam/article/download/58/61

Anti-nociceptive activity of hygrophila auriculata (schum) heine

Article history: Objective: The development of new delivery systems for the controlled release of drugs is one of the most innovative fields of research in pharmaceutical sciences. Nanoparticles specially designed to release the drug in the vicinity of target sites. The aim of this study was to formulate and evaluate the Lansoprazole nanoparticles to improve the therapeutic efficacy of Lansoprazole by loading in nanoparticle drug delivery system. Materials and Methods: Lansoprazole loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CNP1 to CNP10) were prepared by ionotropic gelation method. The formulated nanoparticles were evaluated for external morphological characters, determination of particle size analysis, zeta potential, drug content, entrapment efficiency and in-vitro release studies. Results: The drug content for the Lansoprazole loaded chitosan nanoparticles varied from 69.5±7.2% to 87.9±1.2%. The entrapment efficiencies were found to be minimum and maximum of 39.3±2.6% and 85.6±1.2%, the optimum entrapment efficiency was found to be 85.3±0.8%, particle size varied from 360±12nm to 814±62nm, zeta potential values were in positive and increased from 11.2±1.2mV to 18.7±0.4mV. In-vitro release of drug follows zero order and showed sustained release behavior for a period of 24 hr. Conclusion: The study demonstrated the successful preparation of sustained release polymeric nanoparticles of Lansoprazole.

/pdf/development-and-evaluation-of-chitosan-based-polymeric-4orywh4pn4.pdf

Development and Evaluation of Chitosan Based Polymeric Nanoparticles of an Antiulcer Drug Lansoprazole

A simple, precise, fast and accurate HPLC method has been developed for the simultaneous estimation Amoxicillin and Flucloxacillin in capsules. The analytes were resolved, by using a mobile phase mixture of buffer (prepared from 0.001m Diammonium hydrogen orthophosphate and 0.04m tetra butyl ammonium bromide pH adjusted to 7.0±0.1 with ortho phosphoric acid) and acetonitrile in the ratio (99:10v/v), on a strong cation exchange column, (LUNA SCX, 250mm x 4.6mm I.D. 5 µm particles).The retention times for amoxicillin and flucloxacillin were found to be 3.828 and 5.89, respectively. The validation of the method was performed, and specificity, precision, accuracy, linearity, range, robustness were confirmed.

/pdf/simultaneous-estimation-of-amoxicillin-and-flucloxacillin-in-ycq1zd12dj.pdf

Simultaneous estimation of amoxicillin and flucloxacillin in its combined capsule dosage form by hplc

In this study, the aqueous (AQJP) and alcoholic (ALJP) extracts of the whole plant of Justicia prostrata Gamble (Acanthaceae) were screened for their acute and subacute anti-inflammatory activities using carrageenan-induced acute inflammation and cotton-pellet-induced granuloma (subacute inflammation), respectively, in rats. In the carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema model, both extracts were found to exhibit maximum reduction in paw volume at the first hour in a dose-dependent manner. At the dose of 500 mg/kg p.o., both extracts AQJP and ALJP showed maximum inhibition (51.39% and 62.5%, respectively) in rat paw oedema volume at the first hour of carrageenan-induced acute inflammation. In the cotton pellet granuloma assay, AQJP and ALJP at the dose of 500 mg/kg p.o. suppressed the transudative, exudative and proliferative phases of chronic inflammation. These extracts were able to (i) reduce the lipid peroxide content of exudates and liver and (ii) normalize the increased activity of acid and alkaline phosphatases in serum and liver of cotton pellet granulomatous rats. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of lignans, triterpenes and phenolic compounds in ALJP, whereas phenolic compounds and glycosides in AQJP. The anti-inflammatory properties of these extracts may possibly be due to the presence of phenolic compounds. The anti-inflammatory effects produced by the extracts at the dose of 500 mg/kg, p.o. was comparable with the reference drug diclofenac sodium (5 mg/kg p.o.).

P. Shanmugasundaram

Papers

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of Hygrophila auriculata (K. Schum) Heine Acanthaceae root extract.

Anti-nociceptive activity of hygrophila auriculata (schum) heine

Development and Evaluation of Chitosan Based Polymeric Nanoparticles of an Antiulcer Drug Lansoprazole

Simultaneous estimation of amoxicillin and flucloxacillin in its combined capsule dosage form by hplc

Anti-inflammatory activity of Justicia prostrata gamble in acute and sub-acute models of inflammation.