In this study, a new non-isolated high voltage gains dc/dc converter using coupled inductor and voltage multiplier techniques (diode/capacitor) is presented The voltage gain will be increased by increasing the turns ratio (N) and the number of stages of the VM units The proposed converter capable to more increase the output voltage gains with transfer energy which is stored in coupled inductance Also, the voltage multiplier unit causes to further increase in the output voltage level of the proposed converter Besides, the nominal value of the semiconductors is low due to these are clamped to the capacitors available on the voltage multiplier units The normalized voltage stress across the semiconductors is low which this case is compared in the comparison section Therefore, the power loss of switch can be reduced by using a switch with a lower rating (lower RDS(on)) and power diodes with the low nominal rating As a result, the overall efficiency of the proposed converter will be high To confirm the benefits of working in this paper, comparison results for different items with other works are provided in section 4 The principle of operation, the theoretical analysis and the experimental results of a laboratory prototype for N(N2/N1) = 2 and n = 2 stage in about 260W with operating at 40kHz are provided

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High Voltage Gain DC/DC Converter Using Coupled Inductor and VM Techniques

In this paper, a new multi-input multi-output (MIMO) dc–dc converter with high step-up capability is proposed for wide power ranges. Also, in order to increase each output voltage, diode–capacitor voltage multiplier (VM) stages are utilized in the proposed converter. The number of input stages, output stages, and VM stages are arbitrary and dependent on design conditions. At first, the general structure of proposed MIMO converter is presented. Then, in order to explain the converter operation, we walk through the design of a 1-kW four-input two-output example, including loss and efficiency calculations. We validate the design with a prototype that matches efficiency calculations.

A New High Step-Up Multi-Input Multi-Output DC–DC Converter

In this paper, the contemporary development in multiple input dc-dc converters are identified and examined. The quest to mitigate the difficulties associated with employing renewables in distribution systems and electric vehicles (EVs) has yielded many new converter topologies. These new topologies have easier control, lower parts count, are cheaper and are worthy alternatives to the typical series or parallel connection of converters. The converters are identified by three divisions that bother on the isolation between the respective ports. The electrically connected converters do not have isolation between the ports, and thus, a dc link connects the ports. Electromagnetically connected converters use a dc-link to connect input ports, but the input ports and output port are isolated. In magnetically connected converters, input ports are separated by multiple winding transformer, just as the output port is isolated from the input ports by the winding. The formation, structure, characteristics, operation, merits and demerits of the converters will be presented. Thereafter, comparisons will be done based on the distinct features of the converters. This review identifies that converter properties depend on the specific application requirement and thus, no converter fulfills all demands in the industry. Prospective future research trends are suggested. This work aims to update on research done during the time gap since the last comprehensive reviews.

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A review of multiple input DC-DC converter topologies linked with hybrid electric vehicles and renewable energy systems

Multi-input multi-output (MIMO) dc–dc converters can integrate multiple input sources and output loads simultaneously. This article proposes a new single-inductor MIMO dc–dc converter with a wide conversion ratio. The proposed converter allows input sources to be added or removed seamlessly with no cross-regulation problem. Meanwhile, the outputs are independently controlled, i.e., the load change at one output cell will not affect the other interconnected output cells. Constant current control is the main control requirement. When constant current control is applied to all input cells, the power provided by each input source is proportional to the voltage magnitude of the source. When the constant current control is applied to some of the input cells, the input sources with direct duty-cycle controlled input cells can provide specific power through controlling the duty cycles of the switches of the corresponding input cells. Moreover, the switching time of switches is irrelevant. Therefore, it is easy to realize the high extension capability for arbitrary inputs/outputs. A dual-input dual-output prototype is constructed to illustrate the performance of the proposed converter. The corresponding component design is presented.

Single-Inductor Multi-Input Multi-Output DC–DC Converter With High Flexibility and Simple Control

In this article, a new nonisolated high step-up quasi Z-source (QZS) dc–dc converter with coupled inductor techniques is presented, which is suitable for renewable applications. The main advantages of the proposed topology are continuous input current, common ground between load and input dc source, low normalized voltage stress on the semiconductors (switch/diodes), and low total voltage stress on devices compared to the conventional QZS converter. However, increasing the turns ratio value of the coupled inductor windings not only limit the duty cycle but also leads to decrease the voltage stress on switch/diodes and increase the output voltage level. The operating performance of the proposed converter, theoretical analysis and comparison between the proposed converter and other published works (i.e., QZS converters) are provided. Finally, one prototype at 500 W is built and tested, which shows experimental results and theoretical analysis verify each other well.

A New Coupled Inductor Nonisolated High Step-Up Quasi Z-Source DC–DC Converter

In this article, a new high step-up dc–dc converter with soft-switching capability is presented. In this converter, all of the main and the auxiliary power switches operate under soft-switching condition. In addition, the leakage inductances of the coupled inductors control the current falling rate of the power diodes. Therefore, the reverse recovery losses are reduced significantly. In addition, the voltage stresses across the power semiconductors and clamped capacitors are limited to lower values. In this converter, coupled inductors and diode-capacitor voltage multiplier (VM) cells are utilized simultaneously to provide higher voltage gain. This combination increases the flexibility of the proposed converter, because the turn ratios of the coupled inductors and the number of VM cells are the degrees of freedom which can be used to regulate the voltage stress across the semiconductors. In this article, detailed analysis, elements design, and comparison results are presented. Furthermore, in order to validate the theoretical analysis, a 500-W, 19–60-V/400-V laboratory prototype of the proposed converter is built, and the related results are investigate.

An Ultra-High Step-Up DC–DC Converter With Extendable Voltage Gain and Soft-Switching Capability

In this article, a high step-up nonisolated dc–dc converter is proposed to provide high voltage gain with low voltage stress on semiconductors. The main feature of the proposed structure is its flexibility in providing constant output voltages with a reasonable range of voltage stress. This flexibility of the voltage gain is achieved by different combinations of duty cycles. Also, this feature improves the efficiency of the proposed converter. The structure consists of three switches, two inductors, three capacitors, and four diodes. In this article, descriptions of continuous conduction mode, discontinuous conduction mode, boundary condition mode, nonideal model, and control method are presented. Comparisons between the proposed converter and other related structures show that in this converter, the voltage gain is improved and semiconductors voltage stresses are reduced. In order to verify the mathematical analysis, a 500-W laboratory prototype of the proposed converter is built and its experimental results are investigated completely.

A High Step-Up Nonisolated DC–DC Converter With Flexible Voltage Gain

In this article, a new high step-up dc–dc converter with zero voltage switching (ZVS) capability is presented for renewable energy applications. In order to achieve high voltage gain without extreme duty cycles or a high turns ratio, a combination of a coupled inductor and switched diode–capacitor voltage multiplier cells is used. In the presented converter, only an auxiliary winding with a diode that operates under zero current switching (ZCS) is utilized to realize ZVS for two power switches, and an active clamp circuit is utilized to reach ZVS for the other power switches. The leakage inductance of the coupled inductor controls the current falling rate of the voltage multiplier and output diodes, and also they turn- on under ZCS condition. Hence, reverse recovery losses of the diodes are reduced. The voltage stress on the power switches is low, and low voltage rating switches can be adapted to reduce the losses of their conduction. Finally, a 1-kW experimental prototype setup with 50 V input voltage and 470 V output voltage is built to verify the converter performance.

A New Soft Switching DC–DC Converter With High Voltage Gain Capability

In this paper, an optimal structure for a high step-up, non-isolated dc-dc converter is proposed. In this topology, the required high voltage gain can be obtained with low number of elements. Furthermore, by implementing an auxiliary circuit, zero voltage switching (ZVS) condition for the switches is provided, input current ripple has been reduced to almost zero, and all of the power diodes turn off and on under zero current conditions. In the proposed structure, to regulate voltage gain, the extendable number of diode-capacitor voltage multiplier (DCVM) stages are combined with a coupled inductor. Voltage stresses across the semiconductors can be regulated by the number of the DCVM stages and the turns-ratio of the coupled inductor. Thus, it provides two degrees of freedom for the designer to use low rated semiconductors, which increases the converter efficiency. In this paper, the performance of the proposed converter, in terms of voltage stress, voltage gain, and efficiency, has been analyzed, and a comprehensive comparison between the presented topology and other similar topologies presented. Finally, to verify the performance of the proposed topology, a 500 W (40 V/400 V) laboratory prototype has been developed and tested. The experimental results confirm its superiority and suitability.

Parham Mohseni

Papers

A New High Step-Up Multi-Input Multi-Output DC–DC Converter

An Ultra-High Step-Up DC–DC Converter With Extendable Voltage Gain and Soft-Switching Capability

A High Step-Up Nonisolated DC–DC Converter With Flexible Voltage Gain

A New Soft Switching DC–DC Converter With High Voltage Gain Capability

An Optimal Structure for High Step-Up Non-Isolated DC-DC Converters with Soft-Switching Capability and Zero Input Current Ripple