Showing papers by "Paul De Boeck published in 2007"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify and account for individual differences in the contextual experience of anger and its appraisals and in the associations between both, and demonstrate that anger can occur in combination with different patterns of appraisal, varying as a function of situation and person characteristics.
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to identify and account for individual differences in the contextual experience of anger and its appraisals and in the associations between both. Participants (N � /832) engaged in a directed imagery task of descriptions of unpleasant situations and reported on their appraisal and anger experience. Additionally, they filled out several dispositional questionnaires. The results demonstrated that at the basis of the experience of anger lies an externally induced disadvantage, which for many people elicits frustration. For some individuals, the latter is sufficient for becoming angered. Yet, for others, the thwarting has to be characterised by norm violation and has to be appraised as unfair and deliberate in order for them to experience anger. Individuals also differed as to whether threat to self-esteem was experienced along with frustration in situations that involved negative evaluative self-relevant information. Combined, the findings demonstrated that anger can occur in combination with different patterns of appraisals, varying as a function of situation and person characteristics.
180 citations
TL;DR: A new class of models making use of copulas to deal with local item dependencies is introduced, belonging to the bigger class of marginal models in which margins and association structure are modeled separately.
Abstract: Most item response theory models are not robust to violations of conditional independence. However, several modeling approaches (e.g., conditioning on other responses, additional random effects) exist that try to incorporate local item dependencies, but they have some drawbacks such as the nonreproducibility of marginal probabilities and resulting interpretation problems. In this paper, a new class of models making use of copulas to deal with local item dependencies is introduced. These models belong to the bigger class of marginal models in which margins and association structure are modeled separately. It is shown how this approach overcomes some of the problems associated with other local item dependency models.
51 citations
TL;DR: A crossed random-effects model for binary data combining ideas of conditional logistic regression with pseudolikelihood estimation is proposed and applied to a case study with data coming from the field of psychometrics.
Abstract: The analysis of continuous hierarchical data such as repeated measures or data from meta-analyses can be carried out by means of the linear mixed-effects model. However, in some situations this model, in its standard form, does pose computational problems. For example, when dealing with crossed random-effects models, the estimation of the variance components becomes a non-trivial task if only one observation is available for each cross-classified level. Pseudolikelihood ideas have been used in the context of binary data with standard generalized linear multilevel models. However, even in this case the problem of the estimation of the variance remains non-trivial. In this paper, we first propose a method to fit a crossed random-effects model with two levels and continuous outcomes, borrowing ideas from conditional linear mixed-effects model theory. We also propose a crossed random-effects model for binary data combining ideas of conditional logistic regression with pseudolikelihood estimation. We apply this method to a case study with data coming from the field of psychometrics and study a series of items (responses) crossed with participants. A simulation study assesses the operational characteristics of the method.
30 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a factor-analytic-based method to measure the inhibition of three verbally aggressive behaviours was investigated in two studies on self-report data, and two types of inhibition were subdivided into two types: inhibition of the tendency to become verbally aggressive and inhibition of verbal aggression.
21 citations
TL;DR: It is shown here that under favorable circumstances both types of categorical structures can be detected using the taxometric procedure L-Mode, but that they cannot be differentiated from one another.
Abstract: In psychological research it can be of interest to differentiate between the categorical (taxonic) vs dimensional (nontaxonic) nature of phenomena, for example in the field of psychopathology. For categorical (taxonic) structures a further differentiation is possible: between categorical structures with dimensional equivalence and a substantial main effect, and structures without dimensional equivalence (independent of the main effect). Previous taxometric studies have not concentrated in an explicit way on the case of nonequivalence. It is shown here that under favorable circumstances both types of categorical structures can be detected using the taxometric procedure L-Mode, but that they cannot be differentiated from one another.