Showing papers by "Pekka Kannus published in 1987"
TL;DR: The continuous coding system of patient visits at an outpatient sports clinic showed great advantages as a basic data bank for scientific research, annual statistics, and patient identification and filing.
Abstract: At the Tampere Research Station of Sports Medicine (TRSSM) a continuous coding system of patient visits was started on March 1, 1985. The registration form contained 25 variables including all essential information about the patient's identification, sports, time of and reason for the visit, physician, examinations, diagnosis, treatment, and possible further measures. To classify and number the diagnosis, a specific classification of sports injuries and diseases was drawn up. The data were stored and analyzed using a DEC-2060 computer at the University of Tampere. During 6 months a total of 814 visits were recorded. The three most common sports were soccer, long-distance running, and orienteering. Competitive athletes totalled 337 (62%); 43 of these were top-ranking athletes. The most common reasons for visits were problems of the knee (266 visits, 33%), ankle (80, 10%), and low back (71, 9%). Knee sprains accounted for 10% of all visits. Problems related to the musculoskeletal system were the reason for 751 (92%) of all visits. Operative treatment was needed by 49 patients (6%). The continuous coding system of patient visits at an outpatient sports clinic showed great advantages as a basic data bank for scientific research, annual statistics, and patient identification and filing. The system described has been adopted as part of the daily routine at the TRSSM.
122 citations
TL;DR: The purpose of the study was to determine the long-term isokinetic and isometric muscle strength profile of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficient knees and the previously developed knee strength scoring scale was used to summarize the overall strength profile.
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to determine the long-term isokinetic and isometric muscle strength profile of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficient knees. In measurements of quadriceps and hamstring strengths in both legs a CYBEX II® isokinetic dynamometer was used. The peak torque values were recorded at low (60°/sec) and high (180°/sec) speed of isokinetic testing, and the maximal isometric extension and flexion outputs were measured at a knee flexion angle of 60°. The previously developed knee strength scoring scale was used to summarize the overall strength profile. According to 40 patients with old, untreated ACL ruptures, 8 years after the injury there was still a considerable quadriceps and hamstring strength deficit in the injured knee. The knee strength scores correlated well with the circumferential measurement of the high atrophy. In the isokinetic testing, the strength deficit in both extension and flexion was greater at high than low speed, and in flexion was statistically significant....
40 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the femoral articular cartilage was examined under the scanning electron microscope, showing that the surface layer of the cartilage showed disruption and the superficial chondrocytes were necrotic.
Abstract: The knee joints of 36 rats were immobilised in a padded plaster cast (18 in the flexed and 18 in the extended position) for 1, 2 and 3 weeks. The femoral articular cartilage was then examined under the scanning electron microscope. After 1 week's immobilisation in the flexed position, the surface layer of the cartilage showed disruption and the superficial chondrocytes were necrotic. The sites of the necrotic chondrocytes were seen as pits on the cartilage surface. In the animals whose knees were immobilised in the extended position, the changes were not so great in severity or extent. After 2 weeks, more advanced changes could be detected in both groups, but they were more severe in the flexed group. After 3 weeks the changes in articular cartilage were diffuse in the flexed, but focal in the extended group. Diffuse necrosis of chondrocytes, with pit formation on the surface and disruption and disintegration of the collagen fibres, was seen to some extent in all the animals. In the flexed group the changes extended to the whole weightbearing surface of the articular cartilage of the femur, except the intercondylar sulcus. In the extended group, a superficial fibre network was found without the formation of closely packed collagen fibre bundles, and the changes in the chondrocytes were seen only in localised zones. The authors suggest that during immobilisation, especially in the flexed position, articular hypoxia occurs due to a decreased amount of synovial fluid, the increased compression of the cartilage surfaces and the increased intra-articular pressure. This causes degeneration and necrosis of the superficial chondrocytes and the superficial cartilage layer.
36 citations
TL;DR: In women acute dislocations, contusions, and fractures were significantly less common in men, while women had more frequent stress-related sports injuries, and the knee was the most common site of operation in both sexes.
Abstract: A one-year prospective follow-up study of all patients visiting Tampere Research Station of Sports Medicine (TRSSM) was carried out in order to determine the specific features of women's sports injuries compared to those of men. During this period 334 women (31%) and 745 men (69%) visited the station. Women were significantly younger than men and the ten most usual sports events causing the injury differed from those of men. In women acute dislocations, contusions, and fractures were significantly less common in men, while women had more frequent stress-related sports injuries. In both sexes the most common sites of trouble were knee, ankle, and lower back, but in women as opposed to men, the metatarsal area, the toes, and the sole were among the ten most usual sites of the injury. Fourteen women (4%) and 49 men (6%) required operative treatment of the injury. The knee was the most common site of operation in both sexes, in women significantly more frequently than in men.
25 citations
TL;DR: All visits to physicians in the Orivesi Region Federation of Municipalities for Public Health Work in Finland paid due to symptomatic osteoarthrosis of the knee joint were prospectively recorded over a period of one year, providing basic information about patients needing medical help because of symptomatic knee osteOarthrosis.
Abstract: All visits to physicians in the Orivesi Region Federation of Municipalities for Public Health Work in Finland paid due to symptomatic osteoarthrosis of the knee joint were prospectively recorded over a period of one year. Two hundred and thirty four visits were made, accounting for 0.63% of all visits. The prevalence of knee osteoarthrosis was 1.11% (men 0.45%, women 1.72%), and the incidence was 0.60%. The disease occurred almost twice as often in the right knee than in the left. The study provides basic information about patients needing medical help because of symptomatic knee osteoarthrosis. The results can be used as an aid to the planning of examination and treatment resources and in assessment of the need for such services.
14 citations
TL;DR: The purpose of the study was to examine the long- term prognosis of nonoperatively treated acute knee distortions having primary hemarthrosis without clinical instability.
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to examine the long- term prognosis of nonoperatively treated acute knee distortions having primary hemarthrosis without clinical instability. A multidimensional follow-up analysis was performed on 84 patients an average 8 years after injury. The analysis included four standardized knee scoring scales for subjective, objective, functional, and radiological evaluations, as well as isokinetic and iso metric strength measurements.In the great majority of the patients (86%) the long- term results were excellent or good. The main reason for failure was ACL insufficiency, an obvious outcome of overlooked rupture of that ligament in the primary situation.If the injured knee is indeed stable, if there is no suspicion of ACL injury or patella luxation in the pa tient's history or clinical findings, and if routine radio graphs are negative, primary arthroscopy is not needed. However, a close followup with repeated clin ical examinations and a well-planned rehabilitation pro gram is obli...
11 citations
TL;DR: It was concluded that the amount of static knee instability and posttraumatic osteoarthritis depend much more on the seriousness of the primary ligament injury than on the muscle performance of the injured extremity, but by adequate thigh muscle rehabilitation the subjective and functional status of the injury can be significantly improved.
Abstract: During the period 1975-1981, 221 persons were treated conservatively at Tampere University Central Hospital for an acute knee ligament injury. A total of 194 patients (88%) were reexamined 8 +/- 3 years after the injury. In the clinical and radiological results, there were no significant differences between competitive, spare time and non-sportsmen. However, the subjective and functional results were significantly better in competitive sportsmen than in the others. It was concluded that the amount of static knee instability and posttraumatic osteoarthritis depend much more on the seriousness of the primary ligament injury than on the muscle performance of the injured extremity, but by adequate thigh muscle rehabilitation the subjective and functional status of the injured knee can be significantly improved. Sports at the level of competitive activity seems to be an excellent means to achieve the best possible subjective and functional result after knee ligament injury.
7 citations