Carrier-Based Ion-Selective Electrodes and Bulk Optodes. 1. General Characteristics.

The influence of ionic sites on the behavior of charged carrier-based ion-selective liquid membrane electrodes is described by theory and experiments for cation- and for anion-selective electrodes. The cation exchanger potassium tetrakis[3,5-bis-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate proved to be a beneficial additive for nitrite-selective electrodes. On the other hand, the anion exchanger tridodecylmethylammonium chloride improved the potentiometric properties of cation-selective electrodes. By the incorporation of a defined amount of these sites, the selectivity was enhanced, the emf functions became theoretical, the electrode resistance was lowered, and the long-term stability improved. The optimal molar ratio of additive to ionophore was in the range of 0.3-0.6 for the ionophores studied

Ionic additives for ion-selective electrodes based on electrically charged carriers

Lipophilic salts as membrane additives and their influence on the properties of macro- and micro-electrodes based on neutral carriers

Peter. Anker

Papers

Neutral Carrier Based Ion-Selective Electrodes

Neutral carrier based ion-selective electrode for the determination of total calcium in blood serum.

Use of Neutral Carrier Based Electrodes in Biomedical Systems