to be done in this area. Face recognition is a problem that scarcely clamoured for attention before the computer age but, having surfaced, has involved a wide range of techniques and has attracted the attention of some fine minds (David Mumford was a Fields Medallist in 1974). This singular application of mathematical modelling to a messy applied problem of obvious utility and importance but with no unique solution is a pretty one to share with students: perhaps, returning to the source of our opening quotation, we may invert Duncan's earlier observation, 'There is an art to find the mind's construction in the face!'.

Linear and nonlinear waves, by G. B. Whitham. Pp.636. £50. 1999. ISBN 0 471 35942 4 (Wiley).

Sea wave energy is being increasingly regarded in many countries as a major and promising resource. The paper deals with the development of wave energy utilization since the 1970s. Several topics are addressed: the characterization of the wave energy resource; theoretical background, with especial relevance to hydrodynamics of wave energy absorption and control; how a large range of devices kept being proposed and studied, and how such devices can be organized into classes; the conception, design, model-testing, construction and deployment into real sea of prototypes; and the development of specific equipment (air and water turbines, high-pressure hydraulics, linear electrical generators) and mooring systems.

Wave energy utilization: A review of the technologies

Ocean waves are a huge, largely untapped energy resource, and the potential for extracting energy from waves is considerable. Research in this area is driven by the need to meet renewable energy targets, but is relatively immature compared to other renewable energy technologies. This review introduces the general status of wave energy and evaluates the device types that represent current wave energy converter (WEC) technology, particularly focusing on work being undertaken within the United Kingdom. The possible power take-off systems are identified, followed by a consideration of some of the control strategies to enhance the efficiency of point absorber-type WECs. There is a lack of convergence on the best method of extracting energy from the waves and, although previous innovation has generally focused on the concept and design of the primary interface, questions arise concerning how best to optimize the powertrain. This article concludes with some suggestions of future developments.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1243/09576509JPE782

A review of wave energy converter technology

The progress in wave energy conversion in Europe during the past ten years is reviewed and current activities and initiatives in the wave energy sector at National and Union level are described. Other important activities worldwide are summarized. The technical and econ

/pdf/wave-energy-in-europe-current-status-and-perspectives-29jovj6usk.pdf

Wave energy in Europe: current status and perspectives

Toward the blue energy dream by triboelectric nanogenerator networks

https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/51248229/Prototype_Testing_of_the_Wave_Energy_Converter_Wave_Dragon.pdf

Prototype Testing of the Wave Energy Converter Wave Dragon

Wave energy potential in Galicia (NW Spain)

https://www.peacelink.it/ecologia/docs/4945.pdf

SSG wave energy converter: Design, reliability and hydraulic performance of an innovative overtopping device

This paper describes development of the mathematical model simulating ocean performance of an offshore wave energy point absorber device-AquaBuOY. The AquaBuOY is the next generation of the technology, based on the IPS point absorber system and the hose pump, both of Sweden. AquaEnergy Group Ltd., USA, is developing the system in cooperation with RAMBOLL, Denmark. In March 2003 the Danish Energy Authority awarded a grant for a design study that includes development of the numerical model for the AquaBuOY operation, experimental testing and design optimisation. The scale model tests will be carried out at Aalborg University, Denmark in order to optimise the device design, operation and installation configuration with the goal of minimising system footprint. The paper provides an overview of the numerical modelling used in establishing system operating characteristics. The experimental results from the model tests on mooring forces under survival conditions will be presented during the conference in conjunction with different footprint configurations and different mooring systems. Finally the performance data based on theoretical and experimental results will be presented for the AquaBuOY in five representative generic sea states. Ocean energy and offshore wave energy conversion in the United States is at a significant milestone. During the next year, ocean energy technology developers and energy officials have the potential to deploy pilot scale ocean power plants and transition to commercial plants in the US. This capability comes at a time of increased interest in ocean energies at the National Academy of Sciences and the US Department of Energy. AquaEnergy will conclude its presentation with a brief overview of current legislation affecting the industry. In 2004, ocean scientists, engineers, and developers can continue to lay the groundwork for government spending and interest in ocean energies.

AquaBuOY-the offshore wave energy converter numerical modeling and optimization

Wave Star has produced and installed a test and demonstration Wave Energy Converter (WEC) by Roshage pier near Hanstholm at the west coast of Denmark. The test unit is a prototype test section of a complete commercial WEC. After an initial period of finalizing the installation and testing, the WEC was launched for production in January 2010 and in May 2010 automatic unmanned operation was initiated. The number of operational hours per month has increased significantly during the following months, but experience with the initial period of continuous automatic unmanned operation has shown difficulties in ensuring the ability to be in daily operation 24/7/365. During the period from January 2010 to April 2011 the control software has been updated three times, and significant increases in the measured power levels have been confirmed. The measurement points have verified the expected level of harvested power, although further development of the control system is expected to increase the level further. Keywords— Wavestar, Wave Star, wave power, wave energy converter, wec, performance evaluation, performance assessment

/pdf/performance-evaluation-of-the-wavestar-prototype-3o7o9z3dqs.pdf

Peter Frigaard

Papers

Prototype Testing of the Wave Energy Converter Wave Dragon

Wave energy potential in Galicia (NW Spain)

SSG wave energy converter: Design, reliability and hydraulic performance of an innovative overtopping device

AquaBuOY-the offshore wave energy converter numerical modeling and optimization

Performance Evaluation of the Wavestar Prototype