Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are one of the most viable technologies to achieve the goals of energy saving and environmental protection before a breakthrough in battery technology and fuel cell technology. Energy management strategy as a key technology of HEVs is studied extensively and deeply to improve the performance of HEVs and speed up the industrialization of HEVs. This paper quantitatively analyzes and evaluates current research status of energy management strategies for HEVs based on bibliometrics for the first time, through content analysis involving analysis of author keywords and abstracts. Then qualitative analysis is performed for all kinds of energy management strategies that are used in HEVs in detail, essential characteristics involving pros and cons, interconnections and improvement potential among various energy management strategies are revealed from the view of control theory. Finally, latest developing trends in energy management strategies of HEVs are presented to improve the performance of HEVs based on above quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, covering driving cycle recognition/prediction algorithms, integrated multi-objective, coordinated optimization energy management strategies, good balance between computation complexity and optimization performance of energy management strategies, fair and credible evaluation system of energy management strategies. This paper not only first provides a comprehensive analysis of energy management strategies for HEVs, but also puts forward the emphasis and orientation of future study, which will broaden relevant researchers׳ vision and promote the development of a simple and practical energy management controller with low cost and high performance for HEVs.

A comprehensive analysis of energy management strategies for hybrid electric vehicles based on bibliometrics

Hybrid and electric vehicles have been demonstrated as auspicious solutions for ensuring improvements in fuel saving and emission reductions. From the system design perspective, there are numerous indicators affecting the performance of such vehicles, in which the powertrain type, component configuration, and energy management strategy (EMS) play a key role. Achieving an energy-efficient powertrain requires tackling several conflicting control objectives such as the drivability, fuel economy, reduced emissions, and battery state of charge preservation, which make the EMS the most crucial aspect of powertrain system design. Accordingly, in the present study, various powertrain systems and topologies of (plug-in) hybrid electric vehicles and full-electric vehicles are assessed. In addition, EMSs as applied in the literature are systematically surveyed for a qualitative investigation, classification, and comparison of existing approaches in terms of the principles, advantages, and drawbacks through a comprehensive review. Furthermore, potential challenges considering the gaps in research are addressed, and directives paving the way toward further development of powertrains and EMSs in all respects are thoroughly provided.

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Thorough state-of-the-art analysis of electric and hybrid vehicle powertrains: Topologies and integrated energy management strategies

The gradual decline in global oil reserves and presence of ever so stringent emissions rules around the world, have created an urgent need for the production of automobiles with improved fuel economy. HEVs (hybrid electric vehicles) have proved a viable option to guaranteeing improved fuel economy and reduced emissions. The fuel consumption benefits which can be realised when utilising HEV architecture are dependent on how much braking energy is regenerated, and how well the regenerated energy is utilised. The challenge in developing an HEV control strategy lies in the satisfaction of often conflicting control constraints involving fuel consumption, emissions and driveability, without over-depleting the battery state of charge at the end of the defined driving cycle. As a result, a number of power management strategies have been proposed in literature. This paper presents a comprehensive review of these literatures, focusing primarily on contributions in the aspect of parallel hybrid electric vehicle modelling and control. As part of this treatise, exploitable research gaps are also identified. This paper prides itself as a comprehensive reference for researchers in the field of hybrid electric vehicle development, control and optimisation.

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Modelling and control of hybrid electric vehicles (a comprehensive review)

https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/1424878.pdf

An energy management strategy to concurrently optimise fuel consumption & PEM fuel cell lifetime in a hybrid vehicle

Optimization-based energy management strategy for a fuel cell/battery hybrid power system

Supervisory control of hybrid powertrains: An experimental benchmark of offline optimization and online energy management

Online Implementation of an Optimal Supervisory Control for a Parallel Hybrid Powertrain

The invention relates to a method for controlling and monitoring a hybrid vehicle comprising a driving internal combustion engine (20) an electric machine (22) which is operational, upon an instruction, in the form of a driving engine and is powered by a battery, wherein the inventive method consists in detecting a vehicle operating state, in transmitting, in response, an operating instruction to the electric machine (22), only, without requesting any particular instruction from the internal combustion engine (20) and respecting the vehicle stability constraint and a protecting constraint of the electric components thereof.

Method and device for controlling and monitoring a hybrid four-wheel drive vehicle

Advanced Hybrid Vehicle Simulation: from “Virtual” to “HyHiL” test bench

L'invention concerne un dispositif (28) et un procede mettant en oeuvre les moyens du dispositif de controle des efforts ou des couples d'un vehicule automobile a quatre roues motrices comportant deux trains, un train avant (AV) et un train arriere (AR), pour imposer un effort ou un couple adapte a la situation de conduite a au moins une roue d'un train du vehicule qui comporte :- un moyen pour detecter la situation de conduite ;- et un moyen de calcul pour calculer, a partir du moyen de detection de la situation de conduite, un effort longitudinal ou un couple pour entrainer au moins une roue d'un train du vehicule caracterise en ce que caracterise en ce que le moyen de calcul comporte :- un moyen pour etablir un potentiel d'adherence ;- un moyen pour tester des conditions de liaison au sol du vehicule ; et- un moyen de controle de l'effort longitudinal en fonction du potentiel d'adherence et du resultat du test des conditions de liaison au sol du vehicule.

Philippe Pognant-Gros

Papers

Supervisory control of hybrid powertrains: An experimental benchmark of offline optimization and online energy management

Online Implementation of an Optimal Supervisory Control for a Parallel Hybrid Powertrain

Method and device for controlling and monitoring a hybrid four-wheel drive vehicle

Advanced Hybrid Vehicle Simulation: from “Virtual” to “HyHiL” test bench

Dispositif et procede de controle des efforts sur un vehicule a quatre roues motrices