Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children From Nature-Deficit Disorder

A general report on the use of the Allium test as cytotoxicological and genotoxicological assay is proposed, with particular emphasis about the standardization of the test in several common applica...

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00087114.2018.1503496

An evaluation for the standardization of the Allium cepa test as cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assay

In this paper, quantitative methods were used to evaluate the weight of evidence regarding a causative relationship between cobalt-chromium (CoCr)-containing hip implants and increased cancer risk We reviewed approximately 80 published papers and identified no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) and/or lowest-observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL) values for specific endpoints of interest: genotoxic effects from in vitro studies with human cell lines as well as genotoxicity and tumor formation in animal bioassays Test articles included Co particles and ions, Cr particles and ions, and CoCr alloy particles as well as CoCr alloy implants The NOAEL/LOAEL values were compared with body burdens of Co/Cr particles and ions we calculated to exist in systemic tissues of hip implant patients under normal and excessive wear conditions We found that approximately 40 tumor bioassays have been conducted with CoCr alloy implants or Co/Cr particles and ions at levels hundreds to thousands of times higher than those present in hip implant patients, and none reported a statistically significant increased incidence of systemic tumors Results from in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity assays, which are relatively less informative owing to false positives and other factors, also indicated that DNA effects would be highly unlikely to occur as a result of wear debris from a CoCr implant Hence, the toxicological weight of evidence suggests that CoCr-containing hip implants are unlikely to be associated with an increased risk of systemic cancers, which is consistent with published and ongoing cancer epidemiology studies involving patients with CoCr hip implants Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Toxicology-based cancer causation analysis of CoCr-containing hip implants: a quantitative assessment of genotoxicity and tumorigenicity studies.

This study aims to propose the corresponding ways and methods to strengthen the environmental moral education based on scientific research methods, rigorous scientific theory and the specific content of environmental moral education.,In this study, taking 360 volunteers of Yangtze University, Hubei, as the research samples, the 32-week (3 h per week) experimental research was preceded in this study. Among the 360 distributed copies of questionnaires, 289 copies are valid, with the retrieval rate 80 per cent.,The research results show significant correlations between environmental education and environmental ethics; environmental ethics and environmental literacy; and environmental education and environmental literacy.,The research on the environmental moral education in China was still in the primary stage, and there were few results that can be used for reference. As a result, there was a lack of empirical research in this paper, which needed to be further expanded and improved.,This study put forward a series of new judgments and new views to solve the problems, which provided a good theoretical basis for the current education and teaching work of the majority of educators and valuable reference for future research on related topics. This study was helpful to further enhance the environmental moral awareness and environmental moral level. Aiming at the problems existing in environmental moral education, this study proposed a series of solutions to make the whole society, schools and families work together for the improvement and development of environmental moral education.,This study was helpful to promote environmental moral quality and level, promote the harmony between man and nature and form a good habit of environmental protection in the whole society.

Effects of environmental education on environmental ethics and literacy based on virtual reality technology

Information on the potentials of electronic waste (e-waste) leachate to induce genotoxicity in eukaryotic cells is scarce. In this study, we investigated the potential of raw and simulated e-waste leachates to induce cytotoxicity and DNA damage in Allium cepa. Roots of onion bulbs were grown in five concentrations: 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50% (v/v; leachate/tap water) of each of the leachate sample, tap water (negative control) and 0.25 ppm lead nitrate (positive control). Cytogenetic and root length inhibition analyses were evaluated at 48 and 72 hours respectively. There was concentration-dependent significant (p < 0.05) inhibition of root growth and cell proliferation compared to the negative control. The leachates also induced morphological modifications of the roots and cytological aberrations such as anaphase bridge, sticky chromosomes and binucleate cells. Fe, Cd, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr As, Zn and Pb analysed in the samples were believed to play significant role in the observed cytogenotoxicity in A. cepa. These ...

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00087114.2012.709786

Cytogenotoxic effects of electronic waste leachate in Allium cepa

The genotoxic effects of fungicide Raxil, active substance tebuconazole in both mitotic and meiotic cell divisions of Allium cepa L. were studied. The bulbs with roots of Allium cepa L. were treated with different concentrations of Raxil (1800 ppm, 2400 ppm, 4200 ppm, 6000 ppm) for 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours. For mitotic studies, the root tips of Allium cepa L. after having grown to a certain length were stained accoording to aceto orcein squash procedure. To determine the effects of Raxil on meiotic cell division was used M1 generation. All concentrations and treatment periods of Raxil induced a number of chromosomal aberrations in root tip cells and in anthers of Allium cepa L. Additionally Raxil decreased the frequency of mitotic index and caused pollen fertility. A linear relationship was observed between increase of chromosomal abnormality with decrease of mitotic index and pollen fertility.

http://www.caryologia.unifi.it/past_volumes/62_1/1450.pdf

Genotoxic Effects of Raxil on Root Tips and Anthers of Allium cepa L.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of nature-based education on the attitudes of 7th grade students towards the environment and living organisms as well as to assess the affecti...

Effects of nature-based environmental education on the attitudes of 7th grade students towards the environment and living organisms and affective tendency

Pesticides are one of the most potent environmental contaminants, which accumulate in biotic and abiotic components of ecosystems. Acetamiprid (Acm), a neonicotinoid insecticide, and Propineb (Pro), a dithiocarbamate fungicide, are widely used to control sucking insects and fungal infections on crops, respectively. The present study was undertaken to investigate the genotoxic effects of these compounds, individually and in mixtures, in mouse germ cells by using the sperm morphology assay. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with 0.625, 1.25, and 2.50 μg mL⁻¹ of Acm, 12.5, 25, and 50 μg mL⁻¹ of Pro, and their mixture at the same concentrations over 24 and 48 h. Acm did not significantly increase the percentage of abnormal sperm at any concentration. The frequency of abnormal sperm significantly increased after 24 and 48 h of exposure to 50 μg mL⁻¹ of Pro. The mixtures of 2.50 μg mL⁻¹ of Acm and 50 μg mL⁻¹ of Pro induced sperm abnormalities antagonistically both after 24 and 48 h of exposure. Results suggest that Acm was non-genotoxic for mouse germ cells, while Pro may have been a germ cell mutagen due to the observed increase in the frequency of sperm abnormalities. However, to gain better insight into the mutagenicity and DNA damaging potential of both of these pesticides, further studies at molecular level should be done.

/pdf/abnormal-sperm-morphology-in-mouse-germ-cells-after-short-37kk4t6vlp.pdf

Abnormal sperm morphology in mouse germ cells after short-term exposures to acetamiprid, propineb, and their mixture.

Duzce ili Yigilca ilcesi cografik yapisi, bitki ortusu ve kendine ozgu bir ari ekotipine sahip olmasi bakimindan, aricilik icin oldukca avantajli bir konuma sahiptir Bu calisma, Duzce ili Yigilca ilcesindeki aricilik faaliyetlerinin mevcut durumunu degerlendirmek amaciyla yapilmistir Bu degerlendirmede aricilik faaliyetleri, Yigilca’nin merkez ve koylerindeki rasgele secilmis 73 ari yetistiricisine uygulanan anket calismasi ile saptandi Bu calismada veri toplama araci olarak, coktan secmeli ve acik uclu sorulardan olusan anket formu kullanildi Bu anket calismasinda sorulan 26 soru ile aricilarin birlikler ile olan iliskileri, ariciliga baslama nedenleri, ogrenim durumlari, bal verimleri, uretilen ari urunleri, hastalik ve zararlilar ile mucadele ve ana ari uretimi gibi bircok konu hakkinda ayrintili veri elde edildi Elde edilen verilere gore, Duzce ili Yigilca ilcesindeki ariciligin genel durumu saptandi Aricilik faaliyetlerindeki eksiklikler egitim, urun pazarlama, damizlik ana uretimi veya temini, hastalik ve zararlilar ile mucadele olarak ortaya kondu Sonuc olarak, bu calismanin Yigilca’daki aric ilik faaliyetlerinin onceliklerinin ve eksikliklerinin saptanmasi acisindan yararli oldugu ve daha sonra yapilacak calismalarda yol gosterici olacagi dusunulmektedir

/pdf/duzce-ili-yigilca-ilcesindeki-aricilik-faaliyetleri-uzerine-3xul4m85o6.pdf

Düzce İli Yığılca İlçesindeki Arıcılık Faaliyetleri Üzerine Bir Çalışma

Propineb, a dithiocarbamate fungicide, is commonly used for the control of disease in a wide range of crops in agriculture. The genotoxic effects of commercial formulation of propineb in bone marrow cells of mice was investigated in vivo by micronucleus (MN) assay. The three different concentrations of propineb (12.5, 25 and 50 μg/mL; 0.01 mL per gram) were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) to mice for 24 and 48 h. The results of the MN assay indicated that propineb induced a significant increase in frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) at 25 and 50 μg/mL concentrations for 24 h and at the highest (50 μg/mL) concentration for 48 h when compared with negative control. Also significant reduction for the polychromatic erythrocyte/normochromatic erythrocyte (PCE/NCE) ratio which is indicative for bone marrow cytotoxicity was observed at the same concentrations for 24 and 48 h. These results lead us to the conclusion that propineb may have genotoxic and cytotoxic potential due to induction in the frequency of MN and a reduction in PCE/NCE ratio in the bone marrow cells of mice.

Pinar Goc Rasgele

Papers

Genotoxic Effects of Raxil on Root Tips and Anthers of Allium cepa L.

Effects of nature-based environmental education on the attitudes of 7th grade students towards the environment and living organisms and affective tendency

Abnormal sperm morphology in mouse germ cells after short-term exposures to acetamiprid, propineb, and their mixture.

Düzce İli Yığılca İlçesindeki Arıcılık Faaliyetleri Üzerine Bir Çalışma

Assessment of the genotoxicity of propineb in mice bone marrow cells using micronucleus assay.