For pt.I see ibid., vol.38, no.2, p.100-8 (1991). The authors describe the design, application, and evaluation of parallel processing to the high-speed volumetric ultrasound imaging system. The scanner produces images analogous to an optical camera or the human eye and supplies more information than conventional sonograms. Potential medical applications include improved anatomic visualization, tumor localization, and better assessment of cardiac function. The system uses pulse-echo phased array principles to steer a 2-D array transducer of 289 elements in a pyramidal scan format. Parallel processing in the receive mode produces 4992 scan lines at a rate of approximately 8 frames/s. Echo data for the scanned volume is presented online as projection images with depth perspective, stereoscopic pairs, or multiple tomographic images. The authors also describe the techniques developed for the online display of volumetric images on a conventional CRT oscilloscope and show preliminary volumetric images for each display mode. >

High-speed ultrasound volumetric imaging system. II. Parallel processing and image display

I treat three related subjects: virtual-worlds research—the construction of real-time 3-D illusions by computer graphics; some observations about interfaces to virtual worlds; and the coming application of virtual-worlds techniques to the enhancement of scientific computing.We need to design generalized interfaces for visualizing, exploring, and steering scientific computations. Our interfaces must be direct-manipulation, not command-string; interactive, not batch; 3-D, not 2-D; multisensory, not just visual.We need generalized research results for 3-D interactive interfaces. More is known than gets reported, because of a reluctance to share “unproven” results. I propose a shells-of-certainty model for such knowledge.

Grasping reality through illusion—interactive graphics serving science

A real time volumetric ultrasound imaging system has been developed for medical diagnosis The scanner produces images analogous to an optical camera and supplies more information than conventional sonograms Potential medical applications include improved anatomic visualization, tumor localization, and better assessment of cardiac function The system uses pulse-echo phased array principles to steer a two-dimensional array transducer of 289 elements in a pyramidal scan format Parallel processing in the receive mode produces 4992 scan lines at a rate of approximately B frames/second Echo data for the scanned volume is presented as projection images with depth perspective, stereoscopic pairs, multiple tomographic images, or C-mode scans

/pdf/real-time-volumetric-ultrasound-imaging-system-1eprk81bdf.pdf

Real time volumetric ultrasound imaging system.

Computed tomography and the cuberiile model?an effort to better serve the medical profession and its patients.

Surface Shading in the Cuberille Environment

From the Publisher:
Image Processing Handbook covers methods for two different purposes:
Improving the visual appearance of images to a human viewerPreparing images for measurement of the features and structures present.

The handbook presents an extensive collection of image processing tools, enabling the user of computer-based system to understand those methods provided in packaged software and to program additions needed for particular applications. Comparisons are presented of different algorithms that may be used for similar purposes, including a selection of representative pictures from light and electron microscopes as well as macroscopic, satellite, and astronomical images.
Image Processing Handbook examines the rapid, powerful developments in graphic information, covering the array of concepts and techniques in high-end imaging software. With balanced, complete descriptions, the text outlines frequency space methods with extensive mathematical presentation and spatial domain processing. This handbook teaches by example -- by seeing what various operations do to representative images, the reader will discover how and why to use them. The text encourages the reader to use its information with a real source of images and a computer-based system as well as to freely experiment with different methods to determine the most appropriate for his or her particular needs.To facilitate the learning process, Reindeer Games in Charlotte, North Carolina, offers The Image Processing Tool Kit, a CD-ROM containing more than 150 images and more than 150 Photoshop-compatible plug-ins that implement the algorithms discussed. This revision of the established standard acts as a singular resource for professionals in the medical, biological, and materials sciences as well as a range of engineering venues, including electrical and computer engineering, optical engineering, telecommunications, and artificial intelligence.

Image Processing Handbook, Fourth Edition

This Experimental 3-D Graphics System Can Be Added to Standard Raster Graphics Systems at Modest Expense. It Promises Much Broader Access to Effective 3-D Display.

Pizer

Papers

Adding a True 3-D Display to a Raster Graphics System