The distribution of genetic variants at the PGM1 and PGM2 loci in South and East Asia, the Western Pacific and Australasia has been surveyed on the basis of published and unpublished material comprising samples from some 33,000 persons. A critical comparsion of previously described and of new rare alleles at both loci has been undertaken. The present number for PGM1 is 14 and for PGM2 is 12. Many of these have restricted geographic or ethnic distribution.

Phosphoglucomutase types in the Asian‐Pacific area: a critical review including new phenotypes

SUMMARY

1. The isozymes attributable to the three phosphoglucomutase loci, PGM1;PGM2 and PGM3, have been separated by agarose-acrylamide gel electrophoresis and their relative activities have been measured in a range of human tissues.



2. In most tissues except red cells and fibroblasts, 85–95 % of the total PGM activity is determined by the PGM1 locus, 2–15 % is contributed by the PGM2 locus and 1–2 % is determined by the third locus PGM3.



3. In fibroblasts the PGM3 isozymes are relatively much more active and account for nearly 7 % of the total PGM activity.



4. In red cells approximately equal amounts of the PGM1 and PGM2 isozymes occur but no PGM3 isozymes are found.



5. The atypical PGM isozyme pattern observed in red cells is probably a reflexion of in vivo stability differences between the three forms of PGM. In other tissues the PGM isozyme patterns are probably consequent upon differences in rates of synthesis or differences in the specific activities of the gene products.

The relative activities attributable to the three phosphoglucomutase loci (PGM1, PGM2, PGM3) in human tissues.

Preliminary results of serological tests on 297 Beduin from several tribes in South-Sinai include seven different blood-group systems, three serum factors and eight red-cell enzyme systems.



The present tests show only slight differences between the various tribes, except for the tribe of Jebeliya, which differs very markedly not only from the other Sinai Beduin but from all other neighbouring populations.



A considerable African component characterizes this “European” tribe as manifest by high frequencies of cDe(Ro), Fy, Jsa, acid phosphatase Pb and the presence of V(ces) and G6PD electrophoretic type A.

South‐Sinai Beduin. A preliminary report on their inherited blood factors

Detection of the third phosphoglucomutase locus (PGM3) in human leucocytes.

Starch gel electrophoresis of erythrocyte phosphoglucomutase-1 (PGM1) of 17,126 Japanese from Hiroshima and Nagasaki was performed. Thirteen types of rare variants, 6 migrating anodally and 7 migrating cathodally to thea-band, were encountered in a total of 103 individuals. Family studies confirmed the genetic characteristics of most of them. The previous observation of the polymorphic occurrence of thePGM1
*7 allele in the Hiroshima and the Nagasaki populations was confirmed. A significant difference in the frequencies of rare variants between Hiroshima and Nagasaki was observed. A stronger influence of the migrating stream from the south through the Ryukyu Archipelago to Nagasaki is postulated on the basis of the frequencies ofPGM1
*
3NG1 andPGM1
*
3OKINAWA.

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Poey-Oey Hoey Giok

Papers

Erythrocyte and leukocyte phosphoglucomutase in Chinese.