Formulations restrain 2 or more than 2 herbs are called polyherbal formulation. Drug formulation in Ayurveda is based on 2 principles: Use as a single drug and use of more than one drug. The last is known as polyherbal formulation. The idea of polyherbalism is peculiar to Ayurveda even though it is tricky to explain in term of modern parameters. The Ayurvedic literature Sarangdhar Samhita tinted the idea of polyherbalism to attain greater therapeutic efficacy. Polyherbal formulation has been used all around the earth due to its medicinal and therapeutic application. It has also recognized as polyherbal therapy or herb-herb combination. The active phytochemical constituents of individual plants are inadequate to attain the desirable therapeutic effects. When polyherbal and herbo-mineral formulations combining the multiple herbs in a meticulous ratio, it will give an enhanced therapeutic effect and decrease the toxicity. The active constituents used from individual plant are inadequate to provide attractive pharmacological action. There are evidences that crude plant extracts often have greater potency rather than isolated constituents. In traditional medicine whole plants or mixtures of plants are used rather than isolated compounds. Due to synergism, polyherbalism confers some benefits which are not accessible in single herbal formulations. Polyherbal formulations express high effectiveness in numerous diseases with safe high dose. Based on the nature of the interaction, there are 2 mechanisms on how synergism acts (i.e., pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic). In words of pharmacokinetic synergism, the capacity of herb to ease the absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination of the other herbs is focused. Pharmacodynamics synergism on the other hand, studies the synergistic effect when active constituents with similar therapeutic activity are targeted by diverse mechanism of action. The present review encompasses all the significant features of polyherbal formulation.
Keywords: Polyherbal formulation, Ayurveda, Active constituents, Pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetic

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Polyherbal Formulation Concept for Synergic Action: A Review

Oxidative stress may link to psychiatric disorders, and is being regarded as a plausible mechanism that can affect the regulation of these illnesses. The present study was undertaken to investigate the antidepressant and anxiolytic potential of A. hydaspica R. parkers. Brain oxidative stress enzyme levels were analyzed to correlate depression and stress with brain antioxidant status. Antidepressant and anxiolytic effect of methanol extract of A. hydaspica and its derived soluble fractions [n-hexane (AHH), ethyl-acetate (AHE), chloroform (AHC), n-butanol (AHB) and remaining aqueous fraction (AHA)] was investigated by using three behavioral models; the Forced swimming test, Tail suspension test and Elevated plus-maze test (EPM). Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CMS) was employed to induce stress in rats. AHM and AHE (200 mg/kg, p.o), fluoxetine (5 mg/kg, i.p) and diazepam (DZM) (1 mg/kg, p.o) were administered during the 7 day stress exposure period, and rats were assessed for antidepressant and anxiolytic behavioral despair paradigms. Antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress markers were measured in brain tissue of depressed rats. Phytochemical analysis was done by GCMS experimentation. AHM and AHE (acute dose) significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced the immobility time and ameliorated climbing behavior as compared to the control in FST and TST, and similar to fluoxetine. AHM and AHE showed significant (p < 0.0001) anxiolytic potential in EPM, and comparable to DZM (1 mg/kg b.w., i.p). Significant decrease in antioxidant enzyme levels and increase in MDA, H2O2 and NO level were observed in stressed rats. AHM and AHE (for 7 days/CMS) significantly improved behavior in FST, TST and EPMT. Treatment also improved antioxidant enzyme level and controlled the oxidative stress markers in brain tissues. GCMS analysis indicated the presence of 10 different chemical constituents in A. hydaspica. The present study revealed that A. hydaspica exerts an antidepressant and anxiolytic effect by improving brain antioxidant status. The observed activities might be due to the presence of diverse phytochemicals.

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Anti-depressant and anxiolytic potential of Acacia hydaspica R. Parker aerial parts extract: Modulation of brain antioxidant enzyme status

Evaluation of Antidepressant Activity of Smrithi: A Polyherbal Formulation

In the present study ‘Smrithi’ selected for evaluation of its nootropic activity in different experimental animal models like Scopolamine induced cognitive deficits in mice on Elevated plus maze (EPM) and Morris water maze (MWM) tasks. Smrithi was administered for seven days at the dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight, scopolamine (0.3 mg/kg) was used to induce amnesia, piracetam (50 mg/kg) and Mentat (1and 2 ml/kg) served as reference standards. Smrithi treated animals significantly (p

https://www.thepharmajournal.com/archives/2014/vol3issue3/PartA/5.1.pdf

Evaluation of nootropic activity of smrithi: a polyherbal formulation

Article history Received 28/09/2313 Available online To study the Neuro-pharmacological screening by hydro alcoholic extract of Fagonia cretica Linn (Family: Zygophyllaceae) (HAEFC). The phytochemical constituents of and some neuropharmacological activity of HAEFC was evaluated in Male swiss albino mice weighing 20-25g, employing various models elevated plus maze test (EPZ), exploratory behavior (hole board apparatus ) (HBA) for anxiolytic effect and locomotor activity using actophotometer, muscle relaxant activity using rota-rod apparatus (RRA) for sedative- hypnotic activity. The results of preliminary phytochemical analysis had showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, triterpenoids in the whole plant hydroalcoholic extract of Fagonia cretica Linn. The HAEFC showed LD50 at a dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight p.o in mice. HAEFC had showed a significant (P<0.01 for 200 mg/kg and P<0.05 for 100 mg/kg) increase in number of entries and time spent in open arm, where as it significantly (P<0.01 for 200 mg/kg and P<0.05 for 100 mg/kg) decreased the no of entries and time spent in closed arm in EPZ when compared to control group. HAEFC had also showed a significant (P<0.01 for 200 mg/kg and P<0.05 for 100 mg/kg) decrease in no of head dips for exploratory behavior in HBA , no of counts in for locomotor in actophotometer and time spend on revolving rod on RRA for sedative and hypnotic effect when compared to control group. The effects were similar to that of standard drug diazepam. Our study proves that HAEFC has anxiolytic, sedative and hypnotic activities.

Pradeep Kumar .C

Papers

Evaluation of Antidepressant Activity of Smrithi: A Polyherbal Formulation

Evaluation of nootropic activity of smrithi: a polyherbal formulation

Neuropharamacological screening of hydro alcoholic extract of fagonia cretica linn in mice