Dignity and health: a review.

Following the recent literature on institutions and economic growth, we examine the effects of property rights protection on corporate RD (2) government services and helping hand are conducive to corporate RD and (3) government ownership of firms and direct appointment of CEOs are negatively associated with corporate R&D activities. We also find that corporate R&D is positively related to firm size, and access to finance, but negatively related to product market competition and firm age.

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID1401753_code1925.pdf?abstractid=1401753&mirid=1&type=2

Property Rights Protection and Corporate R&D: Evidence from China

http://hub.hku.hk/bitstream/10722/85603/1/Content.pdf

Property rights protection and corporate R&D: Evidence from China

Hooked, Unhooked, Still Hooked: Lawyers, Political Embeddedness, and Institutional Continuity in China's Transition from Socialism *

This article uses the case of Chinese lawyers, their professional troubles, and their coping strategies to build on and develop the concept of political embeddedness. Data from a first‐of‐its‐kind 25‐city survey suggest that political embeddedness, defined broadly as bureaucratic, instrumental, or affective ties to the state and its actors, helps Chinese lawyers survive their everyday difficulties, such as routine administrative interference, official rent seeking, and police harassment and intimidation. The article draws the ironic conclusion that legal practice in China reveals at least as much about the enduring salience of socialist institutions as it does about incipient capitalist and “rule of law” institutions. Lawyers' dependence on state actors both inside and outside the judicial system preserves the value of political connections inside the very institutions that some sociologists have argued are responsible for obviating the need for such guanxi.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/518907

Lawyers, Political Embeddedness, and Institutional Continuity in China’s Transition from Socialism1

For a long time the Chinese courts were beset by the lack of impartiality and autonomy owning to the heavy political influence exerted by the ruling party, the shortage of well trained judicial per...

The People's Court in Transition: The prospects of the Chinese judicial reform

This article will focus on the recent constitutional developments in China along two paths. One is the official path initiated by the Supreme Peoples Court’s judicial interpretation for the Qi Yuling case in 2001, which opened up the possibility, met with enormous enthusiasm, for the judicial application of the 1982 Constitution. The other is the unofficial, populist path symbolized by the Sun Zhigang incident in 2003, when the public, for the first time since 1989, expressed strong protest largely via the internet against the mischief of a local government. The article will review the key constitutional developments achieved along both lines and will examine the causes of their successes or failures. Finally, it will point out the inherent limitations in a populist path toward constitutionalism when pursued within an institutional structure where governments at various levels view the Constitution more as a threat to the status quo pertaining to a small minority than as a protection of basic rights for all.

http://dspace.jgu.edu.in:8080/jspui/bitstream/10739/205/1/CCL3%20Zhang%20IJCL.pdf

A constitution without constitutionalism?: The paths of constitutional development in China

1 A Century of Turmoil: An Overview of China's Constitutional Reform and Revolutions I. Introduction: The Dawn of a Constitutional Moment II. Constitutional Elements in the Ancient Regime and Their Limitations III. The First Republic: The Nationalist Revolution of 1911 IV. Why Revolutions Fail to Bring about Constitutionalism Further Reading 2 The New Constitutional Order of the People's Republic I. The Second Republic: The Communist Revolution of 1949 II. The 1982 Constitution III. Constitutional Amendments IV. Constitutional Transformations Further Reading 3 Governing the Goliath: China's Central and Local Relations I. Introduction: The Sun Zhigang Tragedy II. The Constitutional Landscape III. Keeping Laws in Order IV. Bottom-Up or Top-Down? Rule of the Party Reinforced V. Pluralism within a Unitary System Further Reading 4 Democracy with Chinese Characteristics? The Role of the People's Congresses I. Introduction: Supremacy by Rubber Stamp? II. The National People's Congress (NPC) III. The NPC Standing Committee (NPCSC) IV. Local People's Congresses (LPCs) V. How to Make Democracy Work Further Reading 5 Administration of the State According to Law I. The Central Government II. Local Government III. Toward Administrative Rule of Law? Further Reading 6 De-politicising the Judiciary I. Introduction: Establishing Judicial Review? II. Judicial Structure and Functions III. Judicial Reform: Necessities, Possibilities, Limits Further Reading 7 The Contemporary Rights Revolution: Life, Liberty, Property and Equality I. Introduction: Back to the Sun Zhigang Model II. Equality III Liberty IV. Property Further Reading 8 Still Dormant: Political and Religious Rights I. Introduction: What the Sun Zhigang Model Cannot Do II. Freedom of Speech III. Freedom of Religion IV The Right to Election Further Reading 9 Conclusion: The Future of China's Constitutionalism I. Back to 1911? The On-going Saga of China's Constitutional Journey II. Toward the Third Republic? The Future of China's Constitutionalism Further Reading

The Constitution of China: A Contextual Analysis

Etude du concept de dignite humaine dans la tradition culturelle chinoise et dans le contexte liberal de la democratie occidentale. Par comparaison avec la doctrine du droit naturel chez Hobbes, l'A. montre que la conception confuceenne de la dignite humaine permet d'etablir une approche equilibree des droits et des devoirs de l'individu face a l'etat et a la societe.

Qianfan Zhang

Papers

The People's Court in Transition: The prospects of the Chinese judicial reform

A constitution without constitutionalism?: The paths of constitutional development in China

The Constitution of China: A Contextual Analysis

The Idea of Human Dignity in Classical Chinese Philosophy: A Reconstruction of Confucianism

Human Dignity in Classical Chinese Philosophy