Magnetorheological fluid technology has gained significant development during the past decades. The application of magnetorheological fluids has grown rapidly in civil engineering, safety engineering, transportation, and life science with the development of magnetorheological fluid–based devices, especially magnetorheological fluid dampers. The magnetorheological fluid dampers could offer an outstanding capability in semiactive vibration control due to excellent dynamical features such as fast response, environmentally robust characteristics, large force capacity, low power consumption, and simple interfaces between electronic input and mechanical output. To address the fast growing demand on magnetorheological fluid damping technology in extensive engineering practices, the state-of-the-art development is presented in this article, which provides a comprehensive review on the structure design and its analysis of magnetorheological fluid dampers (or systems). This can be regarded as a useful complement to...

Magnetorheological fluid dampers: A review on structure design and analysis

Vehicle system dynamics integration encompasses interdisciplinary challenges innovations in various aspects related to vehicle system/subsystems/components dynamic characteristics, modeling and validation, vehicle dynamics state measurement and estimation, vehicle/chassis control systems, coordination of power management and dynamics/stability control, etc [1-4]. These are becoming more critical due to the increasing concern and rapid development in electric and hybrid vehicles, which tend to exhibit different vehicle dynamics/stability and control characteristics when compared to conventional vehicles.

Mechanical systems and signal processing

An adaptive unsaturated bistable stochastic resonance method and its application in mechanical fault diagnosis

Smart materials are kinds of designed materials whose properties are controllable with the application of external stimuli such as the magnetic field, electric field, stress, and heat. Smart materials whose rheological properties are controlled by externally applied magnetic field are known as magneto-rheological materials. Magneto-rheological materials actively used for engineering applications include fluids, foams, grease, elastomers, and plastomers. In the last two decades, magneto-rheological materials have gained great attention of researchers significantly because of their salient controllable properties and potential applications to various fields such as automotive industry, civil environment, and military sector. This article offers a recent progressive review on the magneto-rheological materials technology, especially focusing on numerous application devices and systems utilizing magneto-rheological materials. Conceivable limitations, challenges, and comparable advantages of applying these magn...

A state of art on magneto-rheological materials and their potential applications:

An improved Artificial Neural Network using Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm for damage assessment in FGM composite plates

This paper presents the geometric optimal design of magnetorheological (MR) valves in order to improve valve performance, such as pressure drop. The optimization problem is to find the optimal geometric dimensions of MR valves constrained in a specific volume. After describing the configuration of MR valves, their pressure drops are investigated on the basis of the Bingham model of an MR fluid. Then, the valve ratio, which is an objective function, is derived by considering the field-dependent (controllable) and viscous (uncontrollable) pressure drops of the MR valves. Subsequently, the optimization procedure using a golden-section algorithm and a local quadratic fitting technique is constructed via a commercial finite element method (FEM) parametric design language. From the constructed optimization tool, optimal solutions of the MR valves, which are constrained in a specific cylindrical volume defined by its radius and height, are calculated and compared with analytical ones. In addition, several different types of MR valves are optimized in the same specific volume and results are presented.

Geometry optimization of MR valves constrained in a specific volume using the finite element method

This paper presents an optimal design of a magnetorheological (MR) brake for a middle-sized passenger car which can replace a conventional hydraulic disc-type brake. In the optimization, the required braking torque, the temperature due to zero-field friction of MR fluid, the mass of the brake system and all significant geometric dimensions are considered. After describing the configuration, the braking torque of the proposed MR brake is derived on the basis of the field-dependent Bingham and Herschel–Bulkley rheological model of the MR fluid. The optimal design of the MR brake is then analyzed taking into account available space, mass, braking torque and steady heat generated by zero-field friction torque of the MR brake. The optimization procedure based on the finite element analysis integrated with an optimization tool is proposed to obtain optimal geometric dimensions of the MR brake. Based on the proposed procedure, optimal solutions of single and multiple disc-type MR brakes featuring different types of MR fluid are achieved. From the results, the most effective MR brake for the middle-sized passenger car is identified and some discussions on the performance improvement of the optimized MR brake are described.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0964-1726/19/11/115024/pdf

Optimal design of an automotive magnetorheological brake considering geometric dimensions and zero-field friction heat

This paper presents an optimal design of a passenger vehicle magnetorheological (MR) damper based on finite element analysis. The MR damper is constrained in a specific volume and the optimization problem identifies the geometric dimensions of the damper that minimize an objective function. The objective function consists of the damping force, the dynamic range, and the inductive time constant of the damper. After describing the configuration of the MR damper, the damping force and dynamic range are obtained on the basis of the Bingham model of an MR fluid. Then, the control energy (power consumption of the damper coil) and the inductive time constant are derived. The objective function for the optimization problem is determined based on the solution of the magnetic circuit of the initial damper. Subsequently, the optimization procedure, using a golden-section algorithm and a local quadratic fitting technique, is constructed via commercial finite element method parametric design language. Using the developed optimization tool, optimal solutions of the MR damper, which are constrained in a specific cylindrical volume defined by its radius and height, are determined and a comparative work on damping force and inductive time constant between the initial and optimal design is undertaken.

http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0964-1726/18/1/015013/pdf

Optimal design of a vehicle magnetorheological damper considering the damping force and dynamic range

This study presents an optimal design for magnetorheological (MR) valves for minimizing the control energy to be applied to coils to control the pressure drop of the valves The optimization problem identifies parameters such as applied current, coil wire size and geometric dimensions of the valves which satisfy the specified pressure drop and inductive time constant requirements After describing the configuration of MR valves, their pressure drops are obtained on the basis of the Bingham model of MR fluid Then, the control energy which is an objective function and the inductive time constant are derived Subsequently, an optimization procedure using a golden-section algorithm and a local quadratic fitting technique is constructed via a commercial finite element method parametric design language Using the optimization tool developed in this study, optimal MR valve configurations are identified, which are constrained to a specific cylindrical volume defined by its radius and height In addition, optimization results for MR valves with different required pressure drops and different constrained volumes are obtained and presented

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0964-1726/17/2/025024/pdf

Optimal design of magnetorheological valves via a finite element method considering control energy and a time constant

This paper presents an optimal design of a magnetorheological (MR) shock absorber based on finite element analysis. The MR shock absorber is constrained in a specific volume and the optimization problem identifies geometric dimensions of the shock absorber that minimize a multi-objective function. The objective function is proposed by considering the damping force, dynamic range and the inductive time constant of the shock absorber. After describing the configuration of the MR shock absorber, a quasi-static modeling of the shock absorber is performed based on the Bingham model of an MR fluid. The initial geometric dimensions of the shock absorber are then determined based on the assumption of constant magnetic flux density throughout the magnetic circuit. The objective function of the optimization problem is derived based on the solution of the initial shock absorber. An optimization procedure using a golden-section algorithm and a local quadratic fitting technique is constructed via a commercial finite element method parametric design language. Using the developed optimization tool, optimal solutions of the MR shock absorber, which is constrained in a specific cylindrical volume defined by its radius and height, are determined. Subsequently, a quarter-car suspension model with the optimized MR shock absorber is formulated and the vibration control performance of the suspension is evaluated under bump and sinusoidal road conditions.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0964-1726/18/3/035012/pdf

Quoc Hung Nguyen

Papers

Geometry optimization of MR valves constrained in a specific volume using the finite element method

Optimal design of an automotive magnetorheological brake considering geometric dimensions and zero-field friction heat

Optimal design of a vehicle magnetorheological damper considering the damping force and dynamic range

Optimal design of magnetorheological valves via a finite element method considering control energy and a time constant

Optimal design of MR shock absorber and application to vehicle suspension