Splitting of d-orbitals in square planar complexes of copper(II), nickel(II) and cobalt(II)

(1,3-Bis(2′-pyridylimino)isoindolinato)nickel(II) complexes of phenylcyanamido ligands: crystal structure, electronic absorption spectroscopy and solvent adduct studies

The single crystal x-ray structure of the title, binuclear nickel(II) complex has been determined and the compound used as a host for EPR investigations of the analogous copper(II) complex. The impetus for this work was an earlier suggestion that magnetic exchange interactions detected by EPR spectroscopy on frozen solutions of the biscopper(II) complex were a result of a direct copper-copper interaction in a “closed” conformation of the binuclear species. Results reported here suggest that the complex exists in the open conformation where the distance between metal centres is maximized and that the magnetic exchange occurs by a super-exchange mechanism through the aliphatic chain. The │J│ value for the exchange interaction is greater than 0.018 cm-1. Crystal data for [Ni2(C34H50N8](CIO4)4-H2O(298 K): monoclinic, space group P21/n, a = 13.560(3), b = 11.678(2), c = 15.377(3) A, β = 108.48(2)°, ρcaled = 1.588 g cm-3 for Z = 2 and M r = 1104.1, R = 0.068, R w = 0.076. The intramolecular Ni-Ni distance is 9....

EPR Evidence For Magnetic Exchange Through a Four-Carbon Aliphatic Bridge in a Binuclear Copper(II) Complex. Single Crystal X-Ray Structure of 7, 7′-(1, 4-Butanediyl)-Bis{2,12-Dimethyl-3,7,11,17-Tetraazabicyclo[11.3.1]Heptadeca-1(17),2,11,13,15-Pentaene)Nickel(II)} Perchlorate Monohydrate

The electronic structure of the four members of the electron transfer series [NiL](z) (z = 3+, 2+, 1+, 0) have been established experimentally (EPR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography) and by density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations using the B3LYP functional in conjunction with a conductor-like screening model (COSMO) for acetonitrile solvent effects. L represents a generic designation of the tetradentate macrocycle 2,12-dimethyl-3,7,11,17-tetraazabicyclo[11.3.1]-heptadeca-1(17),2,11,13,15-pentane where the true oxidation level is not specified; (L(Ox))(0) represents its neutral form, (L )(1-) is the one-electron reduced pi radical anion, and (L(Red))(2-) is the singlet (or triplet) diradical dianion of this ligand. It is shown that the above series consists of square planar [Ni(III)(L(Ox))](3+) (S = 1/2), [Ni(II)(L(Ox))](2+) (S = 0), [Ni(II)(L )](1+) (S = 1/2), [Ni(II)(L(Red))](0) (S = 0). The structure of [Ni(II)(L(Red))](0) has been determined by X-ray crystallography. The electrochemistry of [Ni(II)(L(Ox))](PF(6))(2) in the presence of hard chloride anions shows the presence of trans-[Ni(III)(L(Ox))Cl(2)](+), the EPR spectrum of which has been recorded and calculated, and of trans-[Ni(II)(L(Ox))Cl(2)](0) (S = 1). Upon further reduction the coordinated Cl(-) ligands dissociate and [Ni(II)(L )](1+) and [Ni(II)(L(Red))](0) are successively generated. Similarly, in the presence of good pi-acceptor ligands such as CO or P(OCH(3))(3) the following five-coordinate, square base pyramidal species are found to be stable: [Ni(I)(L(Ox))(X)](1+) (S = 1/2), [Ni(I)(L )(X)](0) (S = 0, 1) (X = CO, P(OCH(3))(3)). As shown by EPR spectroscopy in the work of J. Lewis and M. Schroder, J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., 1982, 1085, the monocations consist of a central nickel(i) ion (d(9), S(Ni) = 1/2). These spectra have been faithfully reproduced by the calculations. The neutral complexes [Ni(I)(L )(X)](0) are singlet or triplet diradicals comprising a central nickel(i) ion and a pi radical anion (L )(1-). Interestingly, six-coordinate species trans-[Ni(L)(X)(2)](n) (n = 2+, 1+, 0) are computationally not stable in the gas phase or in solution. No experimental evidence has been found for their existence.

Electronic structure of the members of the electron transfer series [NiL](z) (z = 3+, 2+, 1+, 0) and [NiL(X)](n) (X = Cl, CO, P(OCH(3))(3)) species containing a tetradentate, redox-noninnocent, Schiff base macrocyclic ligand L: an experimental and density functional theoretical study.

R. B. Jordan

Papers

Diamagnetic-paramagnetic equilibrium of two nickel(II)-Schiff base complexes in several coordinating solvents