Photoinduced reactivity of titanium dioxide

The lithium metal battery is strongly considered to be one of the most promising candidates for high-energy-density energy storage devices in our modern and technology-based society. However, uncontrollable lithium dendrite growth induces poor cycling efficiency and severe safety concerns, dragging lithium metal batteries out of practical applications. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the lithium metal anode and its dendritic lithium growth. First, the working principles and technical challenges of a lithium metal anode are underscored. Specific attention is paid to the mechanistic understandings and quantitative models for solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation, lithium dendrite nucleation, and growth. On the basis of previous theoretical understanding and analysis, recently proposed strategies to suppress dendrite growth of lithium metal anode and some other metal anodes are reviewed. A section dedicated to the potential of full-cell lithium metal batteries for practical applicatio...

Toward Safe Lithium Metal Anode in Rechargeable Batteries: A Review.

Energy-storage technologies, including electrical double-layer capacitors and rechargeable batteries, have attracted significant attention for applications in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, bulk electricity storage at power stations, and “load leveling” of renewable sources, such as solar energy and wind power. Transforming lithium batteries and electric double-layer capacitors requires a step change in the science underpinning these devices, including the discovery of new materials, new electrochemistry, and an increased understanding of the processes on which the devices depend. The Review will consider some of the current scientific issues underpinning lithium batteries and electric double-layer capacitors.

Challenges Facing Lithium Batteries and Electrical Double‐Layer Capacitors

In this review the phenomenon of proton conductivity in materials and the elements of proton conduction mechanismsproton transfer, structural reorganization and diffusional motion of extended moietiesare discussed with special emphasis on proton chemistry. This is characterized by a strong proton localization within the valence electron density of electronegative species (e.g., oxygen, nitrogen) and self-localization effects due to solvent interactions which allows for significant proton diffusivities only when assisted by the dynamics of the proton environment in Grotthuss and vehicle type mechanisms. In systems with high proton density, proton/proton interactions lead to proton ordering below first-order phase transition rather than to coherent proton transfers along extended hydrogen-bond chains as is frequently suggested in textbooks of physical chemistry. There is no indication for significant proton tunneling in fast proton conduction phenomena for which almost barrierless proton transfer is suggest...

Proton Conductivity: Materials and Applications

Rechargeable Li–S batteries have received ever-increasing attention recently due to their high theoretical specific energy density, which is 3 to 5 times higher than that of Li ion batteries based on intercalation reactions. Li–S batteries may represent a next-generation energy storage system, particularly for large scale applications. The obstacles to realize this high energy density mainly include high internal resistance, self-discharge and rapid capacity fading on cycling. These challenges can be met to a large degree by designing novel sulfur electrodes with “smart” nanostructures. This highlight provides an overview of major developments of positive electrodes based on this concept.

Advances in Li–S batteries

Correlations between structure and conductivity in NaPO3-TiO2 glasses

Study of the CulCu2S system. conductivity of the solid solution Cu1+xI1−xSx(x<0.5)

Etude de la diffusion des cations Cu+ dans le verre (CuPO3)0.5(CuI)0.5 par diffusion quasielastique des neutrons

The reactions in THF or benzene between Cp2M (HgX)2 ·x HgX2 (M = Mo or W; O ⩽x ⩽ 1;X− = Cl−, Br−, I−, SCN−, OAc−) and sodium diethyl-dithiocarbamate

$$\begin{gathered} Cp_2 M\left( {HgX} \right)_2 .xHgX_2 + \left( {2 + x} \right)Nadtc \rightleftharpoons Cp_2 M\left( {Hgdtc} \right)_2 \hfill \\ + xHg\left( {dtc} \right)_2 + \left( {2 + x} \right)NaX \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$

as well as between Cp2MH2 and mercury diethyldithiocarbamate

$$x2Cp_2 MH_2 + 2Hg\left( {dtc} \right)_{2 - } Cp_2 M\left( {Hgdtc} \right)_2 + \left\{ {Cp_2 Mdtc} \right\}dtc + 2H_2 $$

give the compound Cp2M(Hgdtc)2 (dtc is diethyldithiocarbamate anion). The structure of the molybdenum complex determined by the X-ray method (a = 12.776(4),b = 7.835(4),c = 27.397(7) A β = 111.18(2) °; space groupC2/c (No. 15);Z = 4) consists of discrete molecules occupying special positions on two-fold axes. A short Mo-Hg distance of 2.643(8) A and a rather long Hg-S one of 2.50(2) A were found. The diethyldithiocarbamate anion behaves like a monodentate ligand. IR and1H,13C NMR results agree with the molecular structure determination and confirm a weak bond between mercury and dithiocarbamate and strong molybdenum-mercury bond. A considerable solvent effect (C6D6 vs. CDCl3 solutions) has been observed on the1H chemical shifts of both dtc and Cp ligands. The {Cp2Modtc}+X− (X = dtc and PF6) complexes, although not obtained in a pure form, were included in the discussion of the spectroscopic features of those with theM-Hg bonds.

Biscyclopentadienides with transition metal-mercury bonds. II: Dithiocarbamato derivatives of molybdenum and tungsten, and X-ray structure of (η5-C5H5)2Mo[HgS2CN(C2H5)2]2

Alkynes react with [Mo(η5-C5H5)2(η2-CS2)](1) to afford heterocycle derivatives [(η5-C5H5)2[graphic omitted]R][(2) R = CF3; (3) R = CO2Me] and [(η5-C5H5)2[graphic omitted]R][(4) R = CO2Me], and both (2) and (3) react with HCC–CN to yield [(η5-C5H5)[graphic omitted]R}][(5) R = CO2Me; (6) R = CF3], while treatment of (1) with HCC–CN gives an unprecedented metallacycle [(η5-C5H5)2Mo(C10H3N3S2)](7), corresponding to the addition of three alkynes to CS2; the structures of (4), (5), and (7) have been established by X-ray crystallography.

R. Mercier

Papers

Correlations between structure and conductivity in NaPO3-TiO2 glasses

Study of the CulCu2S system. conductivity of the solid solution Cu1+xI1−xSx(x<0.5)

Etude de la diffusion des cations Cu+ dans le verre (CuPO3)0.5(CuI)0.5 par diffusion quasielastique des neutrons

Biscyclopentadienides with transition metal-mercury bonds. II: Dithiocarbamato derivatives of molybdenum and tungsten, and X-ray structure of (η5-C5H5)2Mo[HgS2CN(C2H5)2]2

Unprecedented reactions of alkynes with η2-CS2 metal complexes