I. Introduction. Background. Focus of the review. Review procedure and results. The NEA-TDB data base system. Presentation of the selected data. II. Standards and Conventions. Symbols, terminology and nomenclature. Units and conversion factors. Standard and reference conditions. Fundamental physical constants. III. Selected Uranium Data. IV. Selected Auxiliary Data. V. Discussion of Data Selection. Elemental uranium. Aqua ions. Oxide, hydride and hydroxide species. VI. Discussion of Auxiliary Data Selection. Reference list. Authors list. Formula list. Discussion of selected references. Ionic strength corrections. Assigned uncertainties. The estimation of entropies.

Chemical thermodynamics of uranium

Standard potential of the reaction: , and and the standard acidity constant of the ion HSO4− in synthetic sea water from 273.15 to 318.15 K

Anthropogenic elevation of atmospheric carbon dioxide ( p CO2) is making the oceans more acidic, thereby reducing their degree of saturation with respect to calcium carbonate (CaCO3). There is mounting concern over the impact that future CO2-induced reductions in the CaCO3 saturation state of seawater will have on marine organisms that construct their shells and skeletons from this mineral. Here, we present the results of 60 d laboratory experiments in which we investigated the effects of CO2-induced ocean acidification on calcification in 18 benthic marine organisms. Species were selected to span a broad taxonomic range (crustacea, cnidaria, echinoidea, rhodophyta, chlorophyta, gastropoda, bivalvia, annelida) and included organisms producing aragonite, low-Mg calcite, and high-Mg calcite forms of CaCO3. We show that 10 of the 18 species studied exhibited reduced rates of net calcification and, in some cases, net dissolution under elevated p CO2. However, in seven species, net calcification increased under the intermediate and/or highest levels of p CO2, and one species showed no response at all. These varied responses may reflect differences amongst organisms in their ability to regulate pH at the site of calcification, in the extent to which their outer shell layer is protected by an organic covering, in the solubility of their shell or skeletal mineral, and in the extent to which they utilize photosynthesis. Whatever the specific mechanism(s) involved, our results suggest that the impact of elevated atmospheric p CO2 on marine calcification is more varied than previously thought.

Marine calcifiers exhibit mixed responses to CO2-induced ocean acidification

The prediction of mineral solubilities in natural waters: The Na-K-Mg-Ca-H-Cl-SO4-OH-HCO3-CO3-CO2-H2O system to high ionic strengths at 25°C

The collection of extensive, reliable, oceanic carbon data is a key component of the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS). A portion of the US JGOFS oceanic carbon dioxide measurements will be made during the World Ocean Circulation Experiment Hydrographic Program. A science team has been formed to plan and coordinate the various activities needed to produce high quality oceanic carbon dioxide measurements under this program. This handbook was prepared at the request of, and with the active participation of, that science team. The procedures have been agreed on by the members of the science team and describe well tested methods. They are intended to provide standard operating procedures, together with an appropriate quality control plan, for measurements made as part of this survey. These are not the only measurement techniques in use for the parameters of the oceanic carbon system; however, they do represent the current state-of-the-art for ship-board measurements. In the end, the editors hope that this handbook can serve widely as a clear and unambiguous guide to other investigators who are setting up to analyze the various parameters of the carbon dioxide system in sea water.

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Handbook of methods for the analysis of the various parameters of the carbon dioxide system in sea water. Version 2

The dissociation constants of carbonic acid in seawater at salinities 5 to 45 and temperatures 0 to 45°C

Although the thermodynamic properties of sulfuric acid above 0.1 M and near 25/sup 0/C are well established numerically, they have not been represented accurately by equations which are based upon the ionic species present, H/sup +/, HSO/sub 4//sup -/, and SO/sub 4//sup 2 -/. We have developed and fitted such equations over the range from 0 to 6 M in a system compatible with those for fully dissociated, strong electrolytes. The enthalpy is treated as well as the activity and osmotic coefficients. These equations also establish the solute standard state and the relationship between the properties of sulfuric acid in that state with those for the pure acid. Among the results obtained (for 25/sup 0/C) are the dissociation constant 0.0105 and the heat of dissociation -5.61 kcal mol/sup -1/ for HSO/sub 4//sup -/ and the entropy of SO/sub 4//sup 2 -/, 4.2 +- 0.2, and of HSO/sub 4//sup -/, 32.1 +- 0.3 cal K/sup -1/ mol/sup -1/. Also for the reaction H/sub 2/SO/sub 4/(l) = 2H/sup +/(aq) + SO/sub 4//sup 2 -/(aq), ..delta..H/sup 0/ = -22844, ..delta..G/sup 0/ = -12871 cal mol/sup -1/.

/pdf/thermodynamics-of-electrolytes-7-sulfuric-acid-3butgcvgk0.pdf

Thermodynamics of electrolytes. 7. Sulfuric acid

https://escholarship.org/content/qt0q17p49d/qt0q17p49d.pdf?t=p0t1ys

Rabindra N. Roy

Papers

The dissociation constants of carbonic acid in seawater at salinities 5 to 45 and temperatures 0 to 45°C

Thermodynamics of electrolytes. 7. Sulfuric acid

Thermodynamics of aqueous carbonate solutions including mixtures of sodium carbonate, bicarbonate and chloride

The use of buffers to measure the pH of seawater

A chemical equilibrium model for the carbonate system in natural waters