THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/1316165.pdf

Nanocellulose in biomedicine: Current status and future prospect

Graphene-based materials are gaining heightened attention as novel materials for environmental applications The unique physicochemical properties of graphene, notably its exceptionally high surface area, electron mobility, thermal conductivity, and mechanical strength, can lead to novel or improved technologies to address the pressing global environmental challenges This critical review assesses the recent developments in the use of graphene-based materials as sorbent or photocatalytic materials for environmental decontamination, as building blocks for next generation water treatment and desalination membranes, and as electrode materials for contaminant monitoring or removal The most promising areas of research are highlighted, with a discussion of the main challenges that we need to overcome in order to fully realize the exceptional properties of graphene in environmental applications

Environmental applications of graphene-based nanomaterials.

A review on polymeric hydrogel membranes for wound dressing applications: PVA-based hydrogel dressings

One of the greatest challenges to the sustainability of modern society is an inadequate supply of clean water. Due to its energy-saving and cost-effective features, membrane technology has become an indispensable platform technology for water purification, including seawater and brackish water desalination as well as municipal or industrial wastewater treatment. However, membrane fouling, which arises from the nonspecific interaction between membrane surface and foulants, significantly impedes the efficient application of membrane technology. Preparing antifouling membranes is a fundamental strategy to deal with pervasive fouling problems from a variety of foulants. In recent years, major advancements have been made in membrane preparation techniques and in elucidating the antifouling mechanisms of membrane processes, including ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and forward osmosis. This review will first introduce the major foulants and the principal mechanisms of membrane fouling, and then highlight the development, current status and future prospects of antifouling membranes, including antifouling strategies, preparation techniques and practical applications. In particular, the strategies and mechanisms for antifouling membranes, including passive fouling resistance and fouling release, active off-surface and on-surface strategies, will be proposed and discussed extensively.

Antifouling membranes for sustainable water purification: strategies and mechanisms

Electrospinning as a versatile method for fabricating coreshell, hollow and porous nanofibers

A novel and efficient process is reported for fabrication of electroconductive, self-cleaning, antibacterial and antifungal cellulose textiles using a graphene/titanium dioxide nanocomposite. Cotton fabric was loaded with graphene oxide using a simple dipping coating method. The graphene oxide-coated cotton fabrics were then immersed in TiCl3 aqueous solution as both a reducing agent and a precursor to yield a fabric coated with graphene/titanium dioxide nanocomposite. The crystal phase, morphology, microstructure and other physicochemical properties of the as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and UV-Vis reflectance spectroscopy. Electrical resistance, self-cleaning performance, antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of treated fabrics were also assessed. The electrical conductivity of the graphene/titanium dioxide nanocomposite-coated fabrics was improved significantly by the presence of graphene on the surface of cotton fabrics. The self-cleaning efficiency of the treated fabrics was tested by degradation of methylene blue in aqueous solution under UV and sunlight irradiations. The results indicated that the decomposition rates of methylene blue were improved by the addition of graphene to the TiO2 treatment on fabrics. Moreover, the graphene/titanium dioxide nanocomposite-coated cotton samples had negligible toxicity and possessed excellent antimicrobial activity.

Using graphene/TiO2 nanocomposite as a new route for preparation of electroconductive, self-cleaning, antibacterial and antifungal cotton fabric without toxicity

The study discussed the synthesis of silica sol using the sol-gel method, doped with two different amounts of Cu nanoparticles. Cotton fabric samples were impregnated by the prepared sols and then dried and cured. To block hydroxyl groups, some samples were also treated with hexadecyltrimethoxysilane. The average particle size of colloidal silica nanoparticles were measured by the particle size analyzer. The morphology, roughness, and hydrophobic properties of the surface fabricated on cotton samples were analyzed and compared via the scanning electron microscopy, the transmission electron microscopy, the scanning probe microscopy, with static water contact angle (SWC), and water shedding angle measurements. Furthermore, the antibacterial efficiency of samples was quantitatively evaluated using AATCC 100 method. The addition of 0.5% (wt/wt) Cu into silica sol caused the silica nanoparticles to agglomerate in more grape-like clusters on cotton fabrics. Such fabricated surface revealed the highest value of SWC (155° for a 10-μl droplet) due to air trapping capability of its inclined structure. However, the presence of higher amounts of Cu nanoparticles (2% wt/wt) in silica sol resulted in the most slippery smooth surface on cotton fabrics. All fabricated surfaces containing Cu nanoparticles showed the perfect antibacterial activity against both of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.

/pdf/fabrication-of-superhydrophobic-and-antibacterial-surface-on-ilx51ml4cn.pdf

Fabrication of superhydrophobic and antibacterial surface on cotton fabric by doped silica - based sols with nanoparticles of copper

Many polymeric materials have been developed and introduced for bone regeneration. Especially, their nanofibrous forms are mostly applied for artificial extracellular matrices. Polymeric materials in their nanofibrous form show some potent properties such as high surface-to-volume ratio, tunable porosity, and ease of surface functionalization. Benefiting from the properties of their main polymer and additives, they can provide new opportunities for cell seeding, proliferation, and new 3D-tissue formation. This article focuses on most cited polymeric nanofibrous scaffolds fabricated by electrospinning and recent achievements. They were divided into two main categories: natural (collagen, silk, keratin, gelatin, chitosan, and alginate) and synthetic (e.g., polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, and polyglycolic acid) polymers. The role of several additives like hydroxyapatite, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), tricalcium phosphate, and collagen type I in improving the adhesion, differentiation, and tissue formation of stem cells were discussed. Finally, the osteogenic capacity and ability of nanofibrous scaffolds to support the growth of clinically relevant bone tissue were briefly studied. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 42883.

https://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/app.42883

Ramin Khajavi

Papers

Electrospinning as a versatile method for fabricating coreshell, hollow and porous nanofibers

Using graphene/TiO2 nanocomposite as a new route for preparation of electroconductive, self-cleaning, antibacterial and antifungal cotton fabric without toxicity

Fabrication of superhydrophobic and antibacterial surface on cotton fabric by doped silica - based sols with nanoparticles of copper

Electrospun biodegradable nanofibers scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Fabrication of superhydrophobic polymethylsilsesquioxane nanostructures on cotton textiles by a solution-immersion process.