Aluminium hybrid composites are a new generation of metal matrix composites that have the potentials of satisfying the recent demands of advanced engineering applications. These demands are met due to improved mechanical properties, amenability to conventional processing technique and possibility of reducing production cost of aluminium hybrid composites. The performance of these materials is mostly dependent on selecting the right combination of reinforcing materials since some of the processing parameters are associated with the reinforcing particulates. A few combinations of reinforcing particulates have been conceptualized in the design of aluminium hybrid composites. This paper attempts to review the different combination of reinforcing materials used in the processing of hybrid aluminium matrix composites and how it affects the mechanical, corrosion and wear performance of the materials. The major techniques for fabricating these materials are briefly discussed and research areas for further improvement on aluminium hybrid composites are suggested.

https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/425909.pdf

Aluminium matrix hybrid composites: a review of reinforcement philosophies; mechanical, corrosion and tribological characteristics

Functionally graded materials: A review of fabrication and properties

Metal additive manufacturing in aerospace: A review

Three-dimensional (3D) printing (also known as additive manufacturing) is an advanced manufacturing process that can produce complex shape geometries automatically from a 3D computer-aided design m...

/pdf/3d-printing-trends-in-building-and-construction-industry-a-1roe8r8geg.pdf

3D printing trends in building and construction industry: a review

Today, a large number of different steels are being processed by Additive Manufacturing (AM) methods. The different matrix microstructure components and phases (austenite, ferrite, martensite) and the various precipitation phases (intermetallic precipitates, carbides) lend a huge variability in microstructure and properties to this class of alloys. This is true for AM-produced steels just as it is for conventionally-produced steels. However, steels are subjected during AM processing to time-temperature profiles which are very different from the ones encountered in conventional process routes, and hence the resulting microstructures differ strongly as well. This includes a very fine and highly morphologically and crystallographically textured microstructure as a result of high solidification rates as well as non-equilibrium phases in the as-processed state. Such a microstructure, in turn, necessitates additional or adapted post-AM heat treatments and alloy design adjustments. In this review, we give an overview over the different kinds of steels in use in fusion-based AM processes and present their microstructures, their mechanical and corrosion properties, their heat treatments and their intended applications. This includes austenitic, duplex, martensitic and precipitation-hardening stainless steels, TRIP/TWIP steels, maraging and carbon-bearing tool steels and ODS steels. We identify areas with missing information in the literature and assess which properties of AM steels exceed those of conventionally-produced ones, or, conversely, which properties fall behind. We close our review with a short summary of iron-base alloys with functional properties and their application perspectives in Additive Manufacturing.

Steels in additive manufacturing: A review of their microstructure and properties

Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering 2012 Vol III (WCE 2012), London, UK, 4-6 July 2012

Functionally graded material: an overview

Laser metal deposition of functionally graded Ti6Al4V/TiC

Scanning velocity influence on microstructure, microhardness and wear resistance performance of laser deposited Ti6Al4V/TiC composite

Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are advanced composite materials that are used to solve a number of engineering problems, as well as in the biomedical implant applications for the replacement of human tissues. These materials are used to eliminate the stress singularities that occur, as a result of the property mismatch in the constituent materials in a composite. There are different types of FGMs that are used today, depending on the type of application, for which the material is intended. In this chapter, the different types of FGMs are presented. The areas of application of this novel material are also explained.

Types of Functionally Graded Materials and Their Areas of Application

Fraunhofer is one of the pioneers in the growing field of additive manufacturing. Our process expertise includes the developement of a range of state of the art powder delivery nozzles which enable precise placement of the metallic powder material relative to the laser beam focus. Also, we have developed a coaxial wire system which enables multi-directional wire deposition for additive manufacturing.

Rasheedat M. Mahamood

Papers

Functionally graded material: an overview

Laser metal deposition of functionally graded Ti6Al4V/TiC

Scanning velocity influence on microstructure, microhardness and wear resistance performance of laser deposited Ti6Al4V/TiC composite

Types of Functionally Graded Materials and Their Areas of Application

Laser Additive Manufacturing