There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

Recent advancements in natural dye applications: a review

With the public’s mature demand in recent times pressurized the textile industry for use of natural colorants, without any harmful effects on environment and aquatic ecosystem, and with more developed functionalities simultaneously. Advanced developments for the natural bio-resources and their sustainable use for multifunctional clothing are gaining pace now. Present review highlights historical overview of natural colorants, classification and predominantly processing of colorants from sources, application on textiles surfaces with the functionalities provided by them. Chemistry of natural colorants on textiles also discussed with relevance to adsorption isotherms and kinetic models for dyeing of textiles.

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Natural Colorants: Historical, Processing and Sustainable Prospects

Perspectives for natural product based agents derived from industrial plants in textile applications – a review

Silk fabric dyeing with natural dye from mangrove bark (Rhizophora apiculata Blume) extract

A natural dye extracted from eucalyptus leaves was applied to a silk and wool fabric by the use of two padding techniques, namely the pad-batch and pad-dry techniques under different conditions. Silk and wool fabrics dyed in a solution composed of eucalyptus extract from leaves showed a shade of pale yellow to brown. The exception was when the fabric was dyed with ferrous mordant, resulting in a shade of dark grayish-brown. The fastness properties ranged from good to excellent, while light fastness was fair to good.

Dyeing and fastness properties of natural dyes extracted from eucalyptus leaves using padding techniques

A natural dye extracted from eucalyptus leaves was applied to a silk fabric using two padding techniques, namely the pad‐batch and pad‐dry techniques, under different conditions. It was observed that with an increase in the dye concentration, the ultraviolet (UV) protection factor (UPF) values ranged between good and excellent for the silk fabric. In addition, a darker colour, such as that provided by a FeSO4 mordant, gave better protection because of higher UV absorption. A silk fabric dyed in a solution containing the eucalyptus leaf extract showed a shade of pale yellowish‐brown. The exception was when the fabric was dyed with the FeSO4 mordant, resulting in a shade of dark greyish‐brown. The colour fastness to washing and rubbing of the silk fabrics treated with the mordant after dyeing was investigated and the results showed good fastness, whereas colour fastness to light was at a fair level. The results confirmed that natural dyes from eucalyptus leaf extract with metal mordants have potential appli...

UV protection properties of silk fabric dyed with eucalyptus leaf extract

This research was concerned with dye extraction from the leaves of eucalyptus and with the application of this dye for silk and wool fabric dyeing by the exhaustion process. Optimal results were achieved when dyeing at 90 °C for 40 minutes and at pH 4. Silk and wool fabrics dyed in a solution composed of eucalyptus extract from leaves in combination with a mordant compound showed a shade of yellowish-brown. An exception was when the fabrics were dyed with FeSO4 mordant, resulting in a shade of dark grayish-brown. The colour fastness to light and rubbing after dyeing the silk and wool fabrics treated with the mordant was investigated, the results of which showed fair to good fastness, whereas the colour fastness to washing was at a good to very good level. The results confirmed that natural dyes from eucalyptus leaf extract have potential applications for fabric dyeing and producing ultraviolet (UV) protective silk and wool fabrics.

/pdf/dyeing-fastness-and-uv-protection-properties-of-silk-and-28h8zj96qq.pdf

Dyeing, Fastness, and UV Protection Properties of Silk and Wool Fabrics Dyed with Eucalyptus Leaf Extract by the Exhaustion Process

2 Abstract : This article reports the studies available on the ultra violet (UV) protection property of natural dyes; antibacterial and deodorizing properties of natural dyes; application of natural dyes for textile printing; effect of different mordants and mordanting method; ultrasonic method of natural dyeing. Dyeing with natural dyes using padding techniques; thermodynamics and kinetics of dyeing with natural dyes have also been discussed.

Rattanaphol Mongkholrattanasit

Papers

Silk fabric dyeing with natural dye from mangrove bark (Rhizophora apiculata Blume) extract

Dyeing and fastness properties of natural dyes extracted from eucalyptus leaves using padding techniques

UV protection properties of silk fabric dyed with eucalyptus leaf extract

Dyeing, Fastness, and UV Protection Properties of Silk and Wool Fabrics Dyed with Eucalyptus Leaf Extract by the Exhaustion Process

Eco-Friendly of Textiles Dyeing and Printing with Natural Dyes